Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: molecular and cellular mechanisms and new immunotherapeutic approaches
Conclusion: MS remains incurable, but disease-modifying therapies, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory drugs offer hope for patients. Research on the immunogenetics and immunoregulatory functions of gut microbiota is continuing to provide light on possible treatment avenues. Understanding the complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune dysregulation is critical for developing effective treatments for MS.PMID:38634438 | DOI:10.1080/08923973.2024.2330642 (Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology)
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - April 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mansur Aliyu Fatema Tuz Zohora Ayca Ceylan Fariha Hossain Reza Yazdani Gholamreza Azizi Source Type: research
Magnetic resonance metrics for identification of cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse model of neurodegeneration: a review
MAGMA. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1007/s10334-024-01160-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeurodegenerative disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), are heterogenous disorders which affect the myelin sheath of the central nervous system (CNS). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method for studying, diagnosing, and monitoring disease progression. As an emerging research area, many studies have attempted to connect MR metrics to underlying pathophysiological presentations of heterogenous neurodegeneration. Most commonly, small animal models are used, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EA...
Source: Magma - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Emma Friesen Kamya Hari Maxina Sheft Jonathan D Thiessen Melanie Martin Source Type: research
Magnetic resonance metrics for identification of cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse model of neurodegeneration: a review
MAGMA. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1007/s10334-024-01160-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeurodegenerative disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), are heterogenous disorders which affect the myelin sheath of the central nervous system (CNS). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method for studying, diagnosing, and monitoring disease progression. As an emerging research area, many studies have attempted to connect MR metrics to underlying pathophysiological presentations of heterogenous neurodegeneration. Most commonly, small animal models are used, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EA...
Source: Magma - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Emma Friesen Kamya Hari Maxina Sheft Jonathan D Thiessen Melanie Martin Source Type: research
On-line pilates program as an alternative to conventional rehabilitation therapy for people with multiple sclerosis, pilot study
Restrictions in physical activity during Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on exercise activities on people with chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis, for whom regular exercise is important for managing the disease. Therefore, alternative forms of exercise and rehabilitation were in high demand. The aim of pilot study was to verify the feasibility and potential effect of an online Pilates exercise programme for people with mild to moderate disability due to multiple sclerosis. (Source: Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies)
Source: Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiotherapy Authors: R. Vetrovska, R. Prochazkova, E. Kubala Havrdova, K. Novotna Source Type: research
Magnetic resonance metrics for identification of cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse model of neurodegeneration: a review
AbstractNeurodegenerative disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), are heterogenous disorders which affect the myelin sheath of the central nervous system (CNS). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method for studying, diagnosing, and monitoring disease progression. As an emerging research area, many studies have attempted to connect MR metrics to underlying pathophysiological presentations of heterogenous neurodegeneration. Most commonly, small animal models are used, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), Theiler ’s Murine Encephalomyelitis (TMEV), and toxin models includin...
Source: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - April 18, 2024 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research
Astrocytes ACLYmate to chronic neuroinflammation
Trends Immunol. 2024 Apr 16:S1471-4906(24)00072-3. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.04.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAstrocytes are essential cells of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), with key roles in development, homeostasis, and disease. Lee and colleagues recently showed that astrocytes can develop epigenetic memory, which enhances proinflammatory responses to subsequent stimulation, potentially driving sustained neurological disease pathology, such as in multiple sclerosis (MS).PMID:38632002 | DOI:10.1016/j.it.2024.04.003 (Source: Trends in Immunology)
Source: Trends in Immunology - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kevin Champagne-Jorgensen Jennifer Gommerman Source Type: research
Genetics of immune response to Epstein-Barr virus: prospects for multiple sclerosis pathogenesis
This study evaluates the host genetic factors that influence serological response against EBV and history of IM and cross-evaluates them with MS risk and genetic susceptibility in the Swedish population. Plasma IgG antibody levels against EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1, truncated=aa[325-641], peptide=aa[385-420]) and viral capsid antigen p18 (VCAp18) were measured using bead-based multiplex serology for 8744 MS cases and 7229 population-matched controls. The MS risk association for high/low EBV antibody levels and history of IM was compared to relevant clinical measures along with sex, age at sampling, and associated HLA al...
Source: Cancer Control - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jesse Huang Katarina Tengvall Izaura Bomfim Lima Anna Karin Hedstr öm Julia Butt Nicole Brenner Alexandra Gyllenberg Pernilla Stridh Mohsen Khademi Ingemar Ernberg Faiez Al Nimer Ali Manouchehrinia Jan Hillert Lars Alfredsson Oluf Andersen Peter Sundstr Source Type: research
Increased IL-22 in cerebrospinal fluid of neuro-beh çet's disease patients
In conclusion, these results suggest that IL-6 contributes to the production of IL-22 by T cells leading to the exacerbation of inflammation and damage within the CNS of NBD patients.PMID:38631183 | DOI:10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156617 (Source: Cytokine)
Source: Cytokine - April 17, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Meriam Belghith Olfa Maghrebi Rafika Ben Laamari Mariem Hanachi Sana Hrir Zakaria Saied Samir Belal Adel Driss Samia Ben Sassi Thouraya Boussoffara Mohamed-Ridha Barbouche Source Type: research
Astrocytes ACLYmate to chronic neuroinflammation
Trends Immunol. 2024 Apr 16:S1471-4906(24)00072-3. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2024.04.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAstrocytes are essential cells of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), with key roles in development, homeostasis, and disease. Lee and colleagues recently showed that astrocytes can develop epigenetic memory, which enhances proinflammatory responses to subsequent stimulation, potentially driving sustained neurological disease pathology, such as in multiple sclerosis (MS).PMID:38632002 | DOI:10.1016/j.it.2024.04.003 (Source: Trends in Immunology)
Source: Trends in Immunology - April 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kevin Champagne-Jorgensen Jennifer Gommerman Source Type: research
Increased IL-22 in cerebrospinal fluid of neuro-beh çet's disease patients
In conclusion, these results suggest that IL-6 contributes to the production of IL-22 by T cells leading to the exacerbation of inflammation and damage within the CNS of NBD patients.PMID:38631183 | DOI:10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156617 (Source: Cytokine)
Source: Cytokine - April 17, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Meriam Belghith Olfa Maghrebi Rafika Ben Laamari Mariem Hanachi Sana Hrir Zakaria Saied Samir Belal Adel Driss Samia Ben Sassi Thouraya Boussoffara Mohamed-Ridha Barbouche Source Type: research
The Role of Gut-derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Multiple Sclerosis
AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic condition affecting the central nervous system (CNS), where the interplay of genetic and environmental factors influences its pathophysiology, triggering immune responses and instigating inflammation. Contemporary research has been notably dedicated to investigating the contributions of gut microbiota and their metabolites in modulating inflammatory reactions within the CNS. Recent recognition of the gut microbiome and dietary patterns as environmental elements impacting MS development emphasizes the potential influence of small, ubiquitous molecules from microbiota, such as sho...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Study protocol: exercise training for treating major depressive disorder in multiple sclerosis
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is prevalent, yet sub-optimally treated among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). We propose that exercise training may be a promising approach for treating depression in pers... (Source: BMC Neurology)
Source: BMC Neurology - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Robert W. Motl, Charles H. Bombardier, Jennifer Duffecy, Brooks Hibner, Alison Wathen, Michael Carrithers and Gary Cutter Tags: Study Protocol Source Type: research
Effect of siponimod on lymphocyte subsets in active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and clinical implications
ConclusionsPatients treated with siponimod showed a T and B lymphocyte reduction, especially CD4+, CD3+CD20+ and na ïve regulatory T cells and memory regulatory B cells. Disability progression while on siponimod treatment was associated with a less pronounced effect on B and CD3+CD20+ lymphocytes. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism Networks Modulate T-cell Function in People with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Clin Exp Immunol. 2024 Apr 16:uxae032. doi: 10.1093/cei/uxae032. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAltered cholesterol, oxysterol, sphingolipid, and fatty acid concentrations are reported in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain tissue of people with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and are linked to disease progression and treatment responses. CD4+ T cells are pathogenic in RRMS, and defective T cell function could be mediated in part by liver X receptors (LXRs) - nuclear receptors that regulate lipid homeostasis and immunity. RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis identified that genes within the 'lipid metabolism'...
Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology - April 16, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lucia Martin-Gutierrez Kirsty E Waddington Annalisa Maggio Leda Coelewij Alexandra Oppong Nina Yang Marsilio Adriani Petra Nytrova Rachel Farrell In és Pineda-Torra Elizabeth C Jury Source Type: research
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes alleviate the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and enhance lag-3 expression on foxp3 + CD4 + T cells
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that hUMSCs-Exs could be a promising anti-inflammatory agent to regulate T-cell responses in EAE and other autoimmune diseases. However, further research is necessary to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and Lag-3's precise role in these conditions.PMID:38627337 | DOI:10.1007/s11033-024-09433-5 (Source: Molecular Biology Reports)
Source: Molecular Biology Reports - April 16, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Adel Mohammadzadeh Masoud Lahouty Hamed Charkhian Arash Adamnejad Ghafour Sahand Moazzendizaji Jafar Rezaei Shahriar Alipour Vahid Shafiei Irannejad Mohammad Hassan Khadem Ansari Source Type: research
