Corneal nerves and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an in vivo corneal confocal imaging study
ConclusionsThe present study does not support the use of in vivo corneal confocal microscopy as an early diagnostic or prognostic tool for ALS. Further research, especially longitudinal investigations, is needed to understand any potential corneal innervation changes as ALS progresses. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Correction to: The impact of metformin use on the outcomes of relapse ‑remitting multiple sclerosis patients receiving interferon beta 1a: an exploratory prospective phase II open‑label randomized controlled trial
(Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dysautonomia in anti-Hu paraneoplastic neurological syndromes
We describe anti-Hu patients with dysautonomia, estimate its frequency, and compare them to patients without dysautonomia.MethodsPatients with anti-Hu antibodies diagnosed in the study centre (1990 –2022) were retrospectively reviewed; those with autonomic signs and symptoms were identified.ResultsAmong 477 anti-Hu patients, 126 (26%) had dysautonomia (the only PNS manifestation in 7/126, 6%); gastrointestinal (82/126, 65%), cardiovascular (64/126, 51%), urogenital (24/126, 19%), pupillomotor/secretomotor (each, 11/126, 9%), and central hypoventilation (10/126, 8%). Patients with isolated CNS involvement less frequently ...
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sex differences in modifiable risk factors for stroke incidence and recurrence: the UCC-SMART study
ConclusionsIn high-risk population, sex modifies the association of HDL cholesterol on stroke incidence, and the association of overweight on stroke recurrence. Our findings highlight the importance of sex-specific secondary prevention. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 16, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A biological characterization of patients with postmenopausal Parkinson ’s disease
In conclusion, menopause-related hormonal chang es might differentially contribute to clinical-pathological trajectories of PD, accounting for the peculiar vulnerability to the disease. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 16, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Multiple system atrophy: an update and emerging directions of biomarkers and clinical trials
AbstractMultiple system atrophy is a rare, debilitating, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder that manifests clinically as a diverse combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and autonomic dysfunction. It is pathologically characterized by oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions containing abnormally aggregated α-synuclein. According to the updated Movement Disorder Society diagnostic criteria for multiple system atrophy, the diagnosis of clinically established multiple system atrophy requires the manifestation of autonomic dysfunction in combination with poorly levo-dopa responsive parkinsonism and/or ce rebellar...
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 14, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Moyamoya disease in Southeast Asians: genetic and autopsy data, new cases, systematic review, and meta-analysis of all patients from the literature
ConclusionClinical and histopathological manifestations of MMD in Southeast Asians are similar to those in Caucasian Europeans. The genotype of MMD in Southeast Asians differs from that of most East Asian patients. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 13, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Marked increase in severe neurological disorders after nitrous oxide abuse: a retrospective study in the Greater Paris area
ConclusionThe recent increase in recreational N2O use has led to a rise in the incidence of severe NI-NDs, particularly in young adults with low socioeconomic status for whom NI-NDs strongly outweigh similar neurological disorders. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 13, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Progressive leukoencephalopathy as a manifestation of primary angiitis of the central nervous system: case report and review of the literature
We describe a 51-year-old man with a case of PACNS manifesting as akinetic mutism with progressive leukoencephalopathy.DiscussionProgressive leukoencephalopathy has not been well defined as a manifestation of PACNS. We review a small number of cases with comparable features, providing additional context on this PACNS manifestation with consideration of clinical subtypes. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 13, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

FGF14 GAA repeat expansion and ZFHX3 GGC repeat expansion in clinically diagnosed multiple system atrophy patients
(Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke frequency, associated factors, and clinical features in primary systemic vasculitis: a multicentric observational study
ConclusionCVEs affect a significant proportion of patients at time of PSV diagnosis, and the frequency varies widely among different vasculitis, being higher in Beh çet’s. Overall, CVE in PSV is not explained by traditional vascular risk factors and has a high risk of CVE recurrence. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Efficacy of ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine on cognitive function in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a predefined exploratory analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial
ConclusionsIn this predefined analysis of patients with AIS, GDLM could improve the 14-day and 90-day cognitive function compared with the placebo. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

[18F]DPA-714-PET-MRI reveals pronounced innate immunity in human anti-LGI1 and anti-CASPR2 limbic encephalitis
(Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological autoimmunity in melanoma patients: a comparison between those exposed and non-exposed to immune checkpoint inhibitors
ConclusionsMelanoma-associated PNS appear remarkably rare. The clinical similarities observed in neurological autoimmunity between ICI-treated and ICI-na ïve patients, characterized predominantly by demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and myositis, suggest a potential prior immunization against melanoma antigens contributing to ICI-related neurotoxicity. (Source: Journal of Neurology)
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Executive functions in patients with bilateral and unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction
AbstractPrevious research suggests that patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction (PVD) suffer from nonspatial cognitive problems, including executive impairments. However, previous studies that assessed executive functions are conflicting, limited to single executive components, and assessments are confounded by other cognitive functions. We compared performance in a comprehensive executive test battery in a large sample of 83 patients with several conditions of PVD (34 bilateral, 29 chronic unilateral, 20 acute unilateral) to healthy controls who were pairwise matched to patients regarding age, sex, and education. ...
Source: Journal of Neurology - March 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research