The role of annexins in central nervous system development and disease
AbstractAnnexins, a group of Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins, exert diverse roles in neuronal development, normal central nervous system (CNS) functioning, neurological disorders, and CNS tumors. This paper reviews the roles of individual annexins (A1-A13) in these contexts. Annexins possess unique structural and functional features, such as Ca2+-dependent binding to phospholipids, participating in membrane organization, and modulating cell signaling. They are implicated in various CNS processes, including endocytosis, exocytosis, and stabilization of plasma membranes. Annexins exhibit dynamic roles in neurona...
Source: Journal of Molecular Medicine - April 19, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Vagus Nerve Stimulation enhances remyelination and decreases innate neuroinflammation in lysolecithin-induced demyelination.
Current treatments for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) poorly address chronic innate neuroinflammation nor do they offer effective remyelination. The vagus nerve has a strong regulatory role in inflammation and Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has potential to affect both neuroinflammation and remyelination in MS. (Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation)
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - April 19, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Helen Bachmann, Boris Vandemoortele, Vanessa Vermeirssen, Evelien Carrette, Kristl Vonck, Paul Boon, Robrecht Raedt, Guy Laureys Source Type: research
Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: molecular and cellular mechanisms and new immunotherapeutic approaches
Conclusion: MS remains incurable, but disease-modifying therapies, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory drugs offer hope for patients. Ongoing research into the immunogenetics and immunoregulatory roles of gut microbiota continues to shed light on potential therapeutic avenues. Understanding the complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune dysregulation is critical for developing effective treatments for MS.PMID:38634438 | DOI:10.1080/08923973.2024.2330642 (Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology)
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - April 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mansur Aliyu Fatema Tuz Zohora Ayca Ceylan Fariha Hossain Reza Yazdani Gholamreza Azizi Source Type: research
The role of Epstein-Barr virus in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2024 Apr 18:1-21. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2344114. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEpstein-Barr Virus (EBV), a dsDNA herpesvirus, is believed to play a significant role in exacerbating and potentially triggering autoimmune and autoinflammatory maladies. Around 90% of the world is infected with the virus, which establishes latency within lymphocytes. EBV is also known to cause infectious mononucleosis, a self-limited flu-like illness, in adolescents. EBV is often reactivated and it employs several mechanisms of evading the host immune system. It has also been implicated in inducing host immune dysfuncti...
Source: Critical Reviews in Microbiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Abdul Hamid Borghol Elio R Bitar Aya Hanna Georges Naim Elias A Rahal Source Type: research
MicroRNAs targeting TGF- β signaling exacerbate central nervous system autoimmunity by disrupting regulatory T cell development and function
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Apr 18:e2350548. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350548. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTransforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling is essential for a balanced immune response by mediating the development and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and suppressing autoreactive T cells. Disruption of this balance can result in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) targeting TGF-β signaling have been shown to be upregulated in naïve CD4 T cells in MS patients, resulting in a limited in vitro generation of human Tregs. Utilizing the murine model experimental autoimmune encep...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - April 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Christina N Rau Mary E Severin Priscilla W Lee Joshua L Deffenbaugh Yue Liu Shawn P Murphy Cora L Petersen-Cherubini Amy E Lovett-Racke Source Type: research
Frequency of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZ reaction in children with MS
CONCLUSION: An intrathecal IgM synthesis and a positive MRZR are found in a subset of MS children but are not associated with markers associated with a poor prognosis.PMID:38636242 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.04.005 (Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology)
Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology - April 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: S Chen Bertolini A G Koukou E M Wendel C Thiels M Baumann C Lechner A Blaschek A Della Marina G Classen B St üve B Kauffmann T Kapanci B Mayer M Otto K Rost ásy Source Type: research
Magnetic resonance metrics for identification of cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse model of neurodegeneration: a review
MAGMA. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1007/s10334-024-01160-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeurodegenerative disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), are heterogenous disorders which affect the myelin sheath of the central nervous system (CNS). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method for studying, diagnosing, and monitoring disease progression. As an emerging research area, many studies have attempted to connect MR metrics to underlying pathophysiological presentations of heterogenous neurodegeneration. Most commonly, small animal models are used, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EA...
Source: Magma - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Emma Friesen Kamya Hari Maxina Sheft Jonathan D Thiessen Melanie Martin Source Type: research
Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: molecular and cellular mechanisms and new immunotherapeutic approaches
Conclusion: MS remains incurable, but disease-modifying therapies, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory drugs offer hope for patients. Ongoing research into the immunogenetics and immunoregulatory roles of gut microbiota continues to shed light on potential therapeutic avenues. Understanding the complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune dysregulation is critical for developing effective treatments for MS.PMID:38634438 | DOI:10.1080/08923973.2024.2330642 (Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology)
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - April 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mansur Aliyu Fatema Tuz Zohora Ayca Ceylan Fariha Hossain Reza Yazdani Gholamreza Azizi Source Type: research
The role of Epstein-Barr virus in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2024 Apr 18:1-21. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2024.2344114. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEpstein-Barr Virus (EBV), a dsDNA herpesvirus, is believed to play a significant role in exacerbating and potentially triggering autoimmune and autoinflammatory maladies. Around 90% of the world is infected with the virus, which establishes latency within lymphocytes. EBV is also known to cause infectious mononucleosis, a self-limited flu-like illness, in adolescents. EBV is often reactivated and it employs several mechanisms of evading the host immune system. It has also been implicated in inducing host immune dysfuncti...
Source: Critical Reviews in Microbiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Abdul Hamid Borghol Elio R Bitar Aya Hanna Georges Naim Elias A Rahal Source Type: research
Frequency of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZ reaction in children with MS
CONCLUSION: An intrathecal IgM synthesis and a positive MRZR are found in a subset of MS children but are not associated with markers associated with a poor prognosis.PMID:38636242 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.04.005 (Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology)
Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology - April 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: S Chen Bertolini A G Koukou E M Wendel C Thiels M Baumann C Lechner A Blaschek A Della Marina G Classen B St üve B Kauffmann T Kapanci B Mayer M Otto K Rost ásy Source Type: research
Magnetic resonance metrics for identification of cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse model of neurodegeneration: a review
MAGMA. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1007/s10334-024-01160-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeurodegenerative disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), are heterogenous disorders which affect the myelin sheath of the central nervous system (CNS). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method for studying, diagnosing, and monitoring disease progression. As an emerging research area, many studies have attempted to connect MR metrics to underlying pathophysiological presentations of heterogenous neurodegeneration. Most commonly, small animal models are used, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EA...
Source: Magma - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Emma Friesen Kamya Hari Maxina Sheft Jonathan D Thiessen Melanie Martin Source Type: research
Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: molecular and cellular mechanisms and new immunotherapeutic approaches
Conclusion: MS remains incurable, but disease-modifying therapies, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory drugs offer hope for patients. Research on the immunogenetics and immunoregulatory functions of gut microbiota is continuing to provide light on possible treatment avenues. Understanding the complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune dysregulation is critical for developing effective treatments for MS.PMID:38634438 | DOI:10.1080/08923973.2024.2330642 (Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology)
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - April 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mansur Aliyu Fatema Tuz Zohora Ayca Ceylan Fariha Hossain Reza Yazdani Gholamreza Azizi Source Type: research
Frequency of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZ reaction in children with MS
CONCLUSION: An intrathecal IgM synthesis and a positive MRZR are found in a subset of MS children but are not associated with markers associated with a poor prognosis.PMID:38636242 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.04.005 (Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology)
Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology - April 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: S Chen Bertolini A G Koukou E M Wendel C Thiels M Baumann C Lechner A Blaschek A Della Marina G Classen B St üve B Kauffmann T Kapanci B Mayer M Otto K Rost ásy Source Type: research
Magnetic resonance metrics for identification of cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse model of neurodegeneration: a review
MAGMA. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1007/s10334-024-01160-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeurodegenerative disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), are heterogenous disorders which affect the myelin sheath of the central nervous system (CNS). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method for studying, diagnosing, and monitoring disease progression. As an emerging research area, many studies have attempted to connect MR metrics to underlying pathophysiological presentations of heterogenous neurodegeneration. Most commonly, small animal models are used, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EA...
Source: Magma - April 18, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Emma Friesen Kamya Hari Maxina Sheft Jonathan D Thiessen Melanie Martin Source Type: research
Immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: molecular and cellular mechanisms and new immunotherapeutic approaches
Conclusion: MS remains incurable, but disease-modifying therapies, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory drugs offer hope for patients. Research on the immunogenetics and immunoregulatory functions of gut microbiota is continuing to provide light on possible treatment avenues. Understanding the complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune dysregulation is critical for developing effective treatments for MS.PMID:38634438 | DOI:10.1080/08923973.2024.2330642 (Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology)
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - April 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mansur Aliyu Fatema Tuz Zohora Ayca Ceylan Fariha Hossain Reza Yazdani Gholamreza Azizi Source Type: research
