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Total 964 results found since Jan 2013.

Endothelial plasticity drives aberrant vascularization and impedes cardiac repair after myocardial infarction
Nat Cardiovasc Res. 2022 Apr;1(4):372-388. doi: 10.1038/s44161-022-00047-3. Epub 2022 Apr 13.ABSTRACTMyocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death worldwide, largely because efficient interventions to restore cardiac function after MI are currently lacking. Here, we characterize vascular aberrancies induced by MI, and propose to target acquired endothelial cell (EC) changes to normalize vessels and promote cardiac repair after MI. Single-cell transcriptome analyses of MI-associated ECs indicates that ECs acquire mesenchymal gene signature that result in phenotypic and functional changes and lead to vessel abnormal...
Source: Cell Research - May 16, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Menggui Huang Fan Yang Duo Zhang Maohuan Lin Hao Duan Rakan El-Mayta Lin Zhang Ling Qin Swapnil V Shewale Liming Pei Michael J Mitchell Daniel J Rader Yi Fan Yanqing Gong Source Type: research

Annotation and functional characterization of long noncoding RNAs deregulated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
ConclusionsOur study expands the repertoire of lncRNAs deregulated in PDAC, thereby revealing novel candidate biomarkers for patient risk stratification. It also provides a roadmap for functional assays aimed to characterize novel mechanisms of action of lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer, which could be explored for therapeutic development.
Source: Cellular Oncology - May 14, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Genes, Vol. 13, Pages 879: Polymerase & zeta; is Involved in Mitochondrial DNA Maintenance Processes in Concert with APE1 Activity
This study was designed to identify the proteins involved in mtDNA maintenance by applying a special long-range PCR, reflecting mtDNA integrity in the minor arc. A siRNA screening of literature-based candidates was performed under conditions of enforced oxidative phosphorylation revealing the functional group of polymerases and therein polymerase &zeta; (POLZ) as top hits. Thus, POLZ knockdown caused mtDNA accumulation, which required the activity of the base excision repair (BER) nuclease APE1, and was followed by compensatory mtDNA replication determined by the single-cell mitochondrial in situ hybridization prot...
Source: Genes - May 13, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Schreier Wiehe Ricchetti Wiesm üller Tags: Article Source Type: research

FAT1 Upregulates in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Promotes Cell Proliferation via Cell Cycle and DNA Repair
ConclusionsFAT1 may act as an oncogene in OSCC with potential mechanism influencing the cell cycle and DNA repair.
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 11, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Mechanical Stretch Triggers Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Keratinocytes Through Piezo1 Channel
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process has emerged as a central regulator of embryonic development, tissue repair and tumor malignancy. In recent years, researchers have specifically focused on how mechanical signals drive the EMT program in epithelial cells. However, how epithelial cells specifically leverage mechanical force to control the EMT process remains unclear. Here, we show that the bona fide mechanically activated cation channel Piezo1 plays a critical role in the EMT. The Piezo1 is expressed in human primary epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) and is responsible for the mechanical stretch-induced Ca2+ c...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 9, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

MEK1/2 inhibitor inhibits neointima formation by activating miR-126-3p/ C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis
Bioengineered. 2022 Apr;13(4):11214-11227. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2063496.ABSTRACTEndothelial dysfunction is an initial and essential step in vascular-remodeling diseases, including atherosclerosis and neointima formation. During vascular remodeling, activated endothelial cells can release pro-inflammatory factors that promote phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to the proliferative phenotype. We previously reported that MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126, has a protective effect on the development of atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. However, the effect of MEK1/2 inhibitors on neointimal format...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 29, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yali Yan Mengmeng Zhu Jialing Ma Xiaoyu He Xiaoxiao Yang Hongmei Xu Meixiu Jiang Shuang Zhang Yajun Duan Jihong Han Yuanli Chen Source Type: research

Wnt8b regulates myofibroblast differentiation of lung-resident mesenchymal stem cells via the activation of Wnt/ β-catenin signaling in pulmonary fibrogenesis
Differentiation. 2022 Apr 14;125:35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.diff.2022.03.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and fatal lung disease that is characterized by enhanced changes in stem cell differentiation and fibroblast proliferation. Lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (LR-MSCs) are important regulators of pathophysiological processes including tissue repair and inflammation, and evidence suggests that this cell population also plays an essential role in fibrosis. Our previous study demonstrated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is aberrantly activated in the lungs of bl...
Source: Differentiation - April 29, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Chaowen Shi Xiang Chen Wenna Yin Zhaorui Sun Jiwei Hou Xiaodong Han Source Type: research

IL1 Pathway in HPV-Negative HNSCC Cells Is an Indicator of Radioresistance After Photon and Carbon Ion Irradiation Without Functional Involvement
ConclusionsIL1A and IL1B are excellent indicators of cellular radioresistance and senescence in HNSCC cells without functional involvement in these processes. Clearly more research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms of senescence and SASP and its impact on radioresistance.
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 22, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 14, Pages 1848: HuR Plays a Role in Double-Strand Break Repair in Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Regulates Functional BRCA1-Associated-Ring-Domain-1(BARD1) Isoforms
Jonathan R. Brody Human Antigen R (HuR/ELAVL1) is known to regulate stability of mRNAs involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell survival. Although several HuR targets are established, it is likely that many remain currently unknown. Here, we identified BARD1 mRNA as a novel target of HuR. Silencing HuR caused a &gt;70% decrease in homologous recombination repair (HRR) efficiency as measured by the double-strand break repair (pDR-GFP reporter) assay. HuR-bound mRNAs extracted from RNP-immunoprecipitation and probed on a microarray, revealed a subset of HRR genes as putative HuR targets, including...
Source: Cancers - April 6, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Aditi Jain Matthew McCoy Carolyn Coats Samantha Z. Brown Sankar Addya Carl Pelz Rosalie C. Sears Charles J. Yeo Jonathan R. Brody Tags: Article Source Type: research

ETC-1002 Attenuates Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells via the AMPK/NF- κ B Pathway and Exerts Ameliorative Effects in Experimental Periodontitis in Mice
CONCLUSIONS: ETC-1002 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in Pg-LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells via the AMPK/NF-κB pathway in vitro and inhibits the progress of experimental periodontitis in mice in an AMPK signaling-dependent manner in vivo. These results provide evidence for the beneficial effects of ETC-1002 in the treatment of periodontitis.PMID:35340409 | PMC:PMC8942644 | DOI:10.1155/2022/8583674
Source: Disease Markers - March 28, 2022 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Hongyan Li Peipei Zhang Hongbing Lin Huan Gao Jianyuan Yin Source Type: research

UV ‐induced DNA Damage in Skin is Reduced by CaSR Inhibition
In this study we investigated whether the CaSR is involved more directly in protection from UV damage in studies of human keratinocytes in primary culture and in mouse skin studiedin vivo. siRNA-directed reductions in CaSR protein levels in human keratinocytes significantly reduced UV-induced direct cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) by around 80% and oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) by around 65% compared to control transfected cells. Similarly, in untransfected cells, the CaSR negative modulator, NPS-2143 (500 nM), reduced UV-induced CPD and 8-OHdG by around 70%. NPS-2143 also enhanced DNA repair and reduced reactive oxyge...
Source: Photochemistry and Photobiology - March 15, 2022 Category: Science Authors: Chen Yang, Mark Stephen Rybchyn, Warusavithana Gunawardena Manori De Silva, Jim Matthews, Andrew J.A. Holland, Arthur David Conigrave, Rebecca Sara Mason Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

HNRNPC regulates RhoA to induce DNA damage repair and cancer-associated fibroblast activation causing radiation resistance in pancreatic cancer
J Cell Mol Med. 2022 Mar 11. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.17254. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal types of cancer due to its asymptomatic nature in the early stages and consequent late diagnosis. Its mortality rate remains high despite advances in treatment strategies, which include a combination of surgical resection and adjuvant therapy. Although these approaches may have a positive effect on prognosis, the development of chemo- and radioresistance still poses a significant challenge for successful PC treatment. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2 (HNRNPC) and RhoA have been i...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - March 12, 2022 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ning Xia Nannan Yang Qungang Shan Ziyin Wang Xiaoyu Liu Yingjie Chen Jian Lu Wei Huang Zhongmin Wang Source Type: research

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