UV ‐induced DNA Damage in Skin is Reduced by CaSR Inhibition

In this study we investigated whether the CaSR is involved more directly in protection from UV damage in studies of human keratinocytes in primary culture and in mouse skin studiedin vivo. siRNA-directed reductions in CaSR protein levels in human keratinocytes significantly reduced UV-induced direct cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) by around 80% and oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) by around 65% compared to control transfected cells. Similarly, in untransfected cells, the CaSR negative modulator, NPS-2143 (500 nM), reduced UV-induced CPD and 8-OHdG by around 70%. NPS-2143 also enhanced DNA repair and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) by around 35% in UV-exposed keratinocytes, consistent with reduced DNA damage after UV exposure. Topical application of NPS-2143 also protected hairless Skh:hr1 mice from UV-induced CPD, oxidative DNA damage and inflammation, similar to the reductions observed in response to the well-known photoprotection agent 1,25(OH)2D3 (calcitriol). Thus, negative modulators of the CaSR offer a new approach to reducing UV-induced skin damage.
Source: Photochemistry and Photobiology - Category: Science Authors: Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research