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Cancer: Brain Cancers

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Total 538 results found since Jan 2013.

ATF4 contributes to autophagy and survival in sunitinib treated brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs).
Authors: Moeckel S, LaFrance K, Wetsch J, Seliger C, Riemenschneider MJ, Proescholdt M, Hau P, Vollmann-Zwerenz A Abstract Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathways are known to play an important role in tumor cell proliferation of glioblastoma (GBM). Cellular determinants of RTK-inhibitor sensitivity are important to optimize and tailor treatment strategies. The stress response gene activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is involved in homeostasis and cellular protection. However, little is known about its function in GBM. We found that the ATF4/p-eIF2α pathway is activated in response to Sunitinib in primary tum...
Source: Oncotarget - February 7, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

rh-IFN-α Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Improves Neurological Function by Inhibiting NF-κB through JAK1-STAT1/TRAF3 Pathway in an Experimental GMH Rat Model
In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that rh-IFN-α treatment attenuated neuroinflammation, neurological deficits and hydrocephalus formation through inhibiting microglial activation after GMH, which might be mediated by IFNAR/JAK1-STAT1/TRAF3/NF-κB signaling pathway. Rh-IFN-α may be a promising therapeutic agent to attenuate brain injury via its anti-inflammatory effect.
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - February 1, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

L-Carnitine Mediated Tumor Cell Protection and Poor Patient Survival Associated with OCTN2 Overexpression in Glioblastoma Multiforme.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates a potential role of the OCTN2/LC system in GBM progression and resistance to therapy, and suggests OCTN2 as a prognostic marker in patients with primary GBM. PMID: 30670496 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - January 22, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fink MA, Paland H, Herzog S, Grube M, Vogelgesang S, Weitmann K, Bialke A, Hoffmann W, Rauch BH, Schroeder HWS, Bien-Möller S Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 123: PKA at a Cross-Road of Signaling Pathways Involved in the Regulation of Glioblastoma Migration and Invasion by the Neuropeptides VIP and PACAP
-Marc Muller Glioblastoma (GBM) remains an incurable disease, mainly due to the high migration and invasion potency of GBM cells inside the brain. PI3K/Akt, Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), and PKA pathways play major regulatory roles in the progression of GBM. The vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family of neuropeptides and their receptors, referred in this article as the “VIP-receptor system”, has been reported to regulate proliferation, differentiation, and migration in a number of tumor cell types and more particularly in GBM cells. These neuropeptides are potent activators of the cAMP/PKA pathw...
Source: Cancers - January 21, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Souheyla Bensalma Soumaya Turpault Annie-Claire Balandre Madryssa De Boisvilliers Afsaneh Gaillard Corinne Chad éneau Jean-Marc Muller Tags: Article Source Type: research

Suppression of tumor growth via IGFBP3 depletion as a potential treatment in glioma.
CONCLUSIONSOur findings suggest IGFBP3 predicts poor outcome of glioma patients and is a potential therapeutic target for which depletion of its expression suppresses tumor growth through inducing apoptosis and accumulation of DNA damage in glioma cells. PMID: 30641835 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - January 11, 2019 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Chen CH, Chen PY, Lin YY, Feng LY, Chen SH, Chen CY, Huang YC, Huang CY, Jung SM, Chen LY, Wei KC Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Functional relevance of genes predicted to be affected by epigenetic alterations in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors
ConclusionsThese results suggest that a subset of genes affected by differential histone modification in ATRT is involved in the detrimental effects of SMARCB1-deficiency and also relevant in the biology of ATRT.
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - November 16, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Long noncoding RNA TSLNC8 suppresses cell proliferation and metastasis and promotes cell apoptosis in human glioma.
Authors: Chen D, Yu X Abstract Glioma is among the most common primary brain tumors and one of the most aggressive and lethal forms of human cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated great importance in the development and progression of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the novel tumor suppressive lncRNA on Chromosome 8p12 (TSLNC8), in cell proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis in human glioma. It was initially reported that the relative transcript levels of TSLNC8 were significantly decreased in human glioma tissues and cultured glioma cells, as evidenced by RT‑qPCR. Amo...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - November 3, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

PGC-1 α-Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis is Involved in Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist AM1241-Induced Microglial Phenotype Amelioration.
PGC-1α-Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis is Involved in Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist AM1241-Induced Microglial Phenotype Amelioration. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Oct 12;: Authors: Ma L, Niu W, Lv J, Jia J, Zhu M, Yang S Abstract Cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R) agonist AM1241 induces anti-inflammation by ameliorating microglial phenotypes, the mechanism, however, is still unknown. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a transcription protein which can regulate mitochondrial biogenesis, and the aim of this study is to investigate whether PGC-1α is involved in...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - October 12, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Ma L, Niu W, Lv J, Jia J, Zhu M, Yang S Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

Knockdown of DSPP inhibits the migration and invasion of glioma cells
In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and biological function of DSPP in human glioma cells. We demonstrated through Western blot that DSPP is overexpressed in glioma tissues comparing to normal brain tissues. To investigate the role of DSPP in glioma carcinogenesis, we reduced the DSPP expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and found that DSPP silencing significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of glioma cells, the critical characteristics of glioma. Furthermore, we showed that DSPP down-regulation significantly decreased the activation of the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway in glioma cells. Taken to...
Source: Pathology Research and Practice - October 5, 2018 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Dual-modified cationic liposomes loaded with paclitaxel and survivin siRNA for targeted imaging and therapy of cancer stem cells in brain glioma.
In conclusion, prepared DP-CLPs-PTX-siRNA nanocomplex selectively induced CD133+ glioma stem cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo exhibits great potential for targeted imaging and therapy of brain glioma stem cells. PMID: 30269613 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Drug Delivery - October 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Drug Deliv Source Type: research

miR-22-Notch Signaling Pathway Is Involved in the Regulation of the Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells.
This study is designed to investigate the mechanisms of miR-22-Notch signaling pathway in apoptosis and autophagy of human ovarian cancer cells. After over-expressing miR-22 in human ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR-3 and SKOV3, cell viability is determined by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) method, cell apoptosis is observed by Flow cytometry (FCM), mRNA expression of miR-22 is measured by RNA preparation and RT-PCR, protein expression of Notch1, Hes1, Beclin1 and LC3B-II is analyzed by Western blot. It is suggested that miR-22 expression is heavily decreased in human ovarian ...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - August 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Li Y, Gu Y, Tang N, Liu Y, Zhao Z Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

CK2 inhibition confers functional protection to young and aging axons against ischemia by differentially regulating the CDK5 and AKT signaling pathways.
Abstract White matter (WM) is injured in most strokes, which contributes to functional deficits during recovery. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a protein kinase that is expressed in brain, including WM. To assess the impact of CK2 inhibition on axon recovery following oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD), mouse optic nerves (MONs), which are pure WM tracts, were subjected to OGD with or without the selective CK2 inhibitor CX-4945. CX-4945 application preserved axon function during OGD and promoted axon function recovery when applied before or after OGD. This protective effect of CK2 inhibition correlated with preservation o...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - June 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Bastian C, Quinn J, Tripathi A, Aquila D, Dutta AMR, Baltan S, Brunet S Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Formononetin inhibits neuroinflammation and increases estrogen receptor beta (ER β) protein expression in BV2 microglia.
This study has established that formononetin inhibits neuroinflammation by targeting NF-κB signalling pathway in BV2 microglia, possibly through mechanisms involving ERβ. Formononetin appears to modulate ERβ in MCF7 breast cancer cells with limited proliferative effect. Formononetin could therefore serve as a chemical scaffold for the development of novel compounds which have selective neuroprotective actions in the brain. PMID: 29913427 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Immunopharmacology - June 15, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: El-Bakoush A, Olajide OA Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

MicroRNA-499a decelerates glioma cell proliferation while accelerating apoptosis through the suppression of Notch1 and the MAPK signaling pathway.
Abstract As the most common and lethal of intracranial tumors, glioma accounts for 81% of all malignant brain tumors. Research data has identified the role of microRNAs (miRs) as functional suppressers in the progression of Glioma. The present study aimed to, ascertain as to whether microRNA-499a (miR-499a) influences cell proliferation and apoptosis through the MAPK signaling pathway by targeting Notch1 in glioma. Both glioma and adjacent tissues between 2012~2016, were obtained from People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital). The collected glioma cells were treated with miR-44...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - June 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang BQ, Yang B, Yang HC, Wang JY, Hu S, Gao YS, Bu XY Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

PYGB siRNA inhibits the cell proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell lines.
In conclusion, PYGB siRNA exerted an inhibitory effect on the cell viability of the human osteosarcoma cells MG63 and HOS by blocking the Caspase/Bcl and CDK1 signaling pathway, highlighting novel potential therapeutic methods for treating osteosarcoma. PMID: 29845265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - June 2, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research