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Cancer: Brain Cancers

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Total 538 results found since Jan 2013.

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 406: Alpha6-Integrin Regulates FGFR1 Expression through the ZEB1/YAP1 Transcription Complex in Glioblastoma Stem Cells Resulting in Enhanced Proliferation and Stemness
Catherine SEVA Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor in adults and is known to be particularly aggressive and resistant to anti-cancer therapies, mainly due to the presence of GBM stem cells (GBMSC). By in vitro approaches supported by analysis from patients’ databases, we determined how α6-integrin and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1) work in concert to regulate proliferation and stemness of GBMSC. We showed that α6-integrin regulates the expression of FGFR1 and its target gene Fokhead Box M1 (FOXM1) via the ZEB1/YAP1 transcription complex. Thes...
Source: Cancers - March 21, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Aline KOWALSKI-CHAUVEL Valerie GOUAZE-ANDERSSON Laurent BARICAULT Elodie MARTIN Caroline DELMAS Christine TOULAS Elizabeth COHEN-JONATHAN-MOYAL Catherine SEVA Tags: Article Source Type: research

SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

High Expression of DEPDC1 Promotes Malignant Phenotypes of Breast Cancer Cells and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Breast Cancer
In this study, the immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that DEPDC1 was high-expressed in breast cancer tissues compared with the paired adjacent normal breast tissues, and its tendency at protein level was consistent with mRNA level from TCGA data. Moreover, DEPDC1 mRNA level revealed the strongest association with poor prognosis and development in breast cancer. In vitro assays showed that DEPDC1 overexpression resulted in significant promotion of proliferation by regulating cell cycle in MCF-7 cells, whilst an opposite effect was found in the MDA-MB-231 cells with DEPDC1 deletion. Notably, further investigation ind...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 11, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters PEPT2, PHT1 and PHT2 mediate the uptake of carnosine in glioblastoma cells.
In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the transporters PEPT2, PHT1, and PHT2 are responsible for the uptake of carnosine into glioblastoma cells and full function of all three transporters is required for maximum uptake. PMID: 31073693 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Amino Acids - May 8, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Oppermann H, Heinrich M, Birkemeyer C, Meixensberger J, Gaunitz F Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

Celastrol enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human glioblastoma via the death receptor pathway
ConclusionsTaken together, the results of our study demonstrate that celastrol sensitizes glioma cells to TRAIL via the death receptor pathway and that DR5 plays an important role in the effects of this cotreatment. The results indicate that this cotreatment is a promising tumor-killing therapeutic strategy with high efficacy and low toxicity.
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 7, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Targeting CCL20 inhibits subarachnoid hemorrhage-related neuroinflammation in mice.
Abstract Recent evidence suggests that CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) is upregulated after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Here, we investigated the functions of CCL20 in SAH injury and its underlying mechanisms of action. We found that CCL20 is upregulated in an SAH mouse model and in cultured primary microglia and neurons. CCL20-neutralizing antibody alleviated SAH-induced neurological deficits, decreased brain water content and neuronal apoptosis, and repressed microglial activation. We observed increased levels of CCL20, CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alph...
Source: Aging - June 20, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Liao LS, Zhang MW, Gu YJ, Sun XC Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

The guanine nucleotide exchange factor, LARG, and RhoC play a role in glioblastoma cell invasion and resistance.
Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain cancer in adults. A hallmark of GBM is aggressive invasion of tumor cells into the surrounding normal brain. The current standard of care therapy, as well as targeted therapies, have largely failed to specifically address this issue. Therefore, identifying key regulators of GBM cell migration and invasion is of particular interest. The leukemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG) has previously been implicated in cell invasion in other tumor types; however, the role of LARG in GBM pathobiology remains undefined. Here, we report that the expression level o...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - July 17, 2020 Category: Pathology Authors: Ding Z, Dong Z, Yang Y, Fortin Ensign SP, Sabit H, Nakada M, Ruggieri R, Kloss JM, Symons M, Tran NL, Loftus JC Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Long non ‑coding RNA BCYRN1 promotes prostate cancer progression via elevation of HDAC11.
Long non‑coding RNA BCYRN1 promotes prostate cancer progression via elevation of HDAC11. Oncol Rep. 2020 Sep;44(3):1233-1245 Authors: Huo W, Qi F, Wang K Abstract Prostate cancer is a serious threat to men's health worldwide. While previous studies have demonstrated that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with the initiation and development of several types of cancer, the role of lncRNAs in the progression of prostate cancer remains incompletely understood. In the present study, the lncRNA brain cytoplasmic RNA 1 (BCYRN1) was found to be overexpressed in prostate tumors compared ...
Source: Oncology Reports - July 28, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 944: Identification and Validation of ERK5 as a DNA Damage Modulating Drug Target in Glioblastoma
wn Spencer J. Collis Brain tumours kill more children and adults under 40 than any other cancer, with approximately half of primary brain tumours being diagnosed as high-grade malignancies known as glioblastomas. Despite de-bulking surgery combined with chemo-/radiotherapy regimens, the mean survival for these patients is only around 15 months, with less than 10% surviving over 5 years. This dismal prognosis highlights the urgent need to develop novel agents to improve the treatment of these tumours. To address this need, we carried out a human kinome siRNA screen to identify potential drug targets that augment the e...
Source: Cancers - February 24, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Natasha Carmell Ola Rominiyi Katie N. Myers Connor McGarrity-Cottrell Aurelie Vanderlinden Nikita Lad Eva Perroux-David Sherif F. El-Khamisy Malee Fernando Katherine G. Finegan Stephen Brown Spencer J. Collis Tags: Article Source Type: research

Research Articles A first-in-human phase 0 clinical study of RNA interference-based spherical nucleic acids in patients with recurrent glioblastoma
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most difficult cancers to effectively treat, in part because of the lack of precision therapies and limited therapeutic access to intracranial tumor sites due to the presence of the blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers. We have developed a precision medicine approach for GBM treatment that involves the use of brain-penetrant RNA interference–based spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), which consist of gold nanoparticle cores covalently conjugated with radially oriented and densely packed small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides. On the basis of previous preclinical evaluation, we cond...
Source: Science Translational Medicine - March 10, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kumthekar, P., Ko, C. H., Paunesku, T., Dixit, K., Sonabend, A. M., Bloch, O., Tate, M., Schwartz, M., Zuckerman, L., Lezon, R., Lukas, R. V., Jovanovic, B., McCortney, K., Colman, H., Chen, S., Lai, B., Antipova, O., Deng, J., Li, L., Tommasini-Ghelfi, S Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Intracellular Progesterone Receptor and cSrc Protein Working Together to Regulate the Activity of Proteins Involved in Migration and Invasion of Human Glioblastoma Cells
Glioblastomas are the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors in adults, and patients with glioblastoma have a median survival of 15 months. Some alternative therapies, such as Src family kinase inhibitors, have failed presumably because other signaling pathways compensate for their effects. In the last ten years, it has been proven that sex hormones such as progesterone (P4) can induce growth, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells through its intracellular progesterone receptor (PR), which is mostly known for its role as a transcription factor, but it can also induce non-genomic actions. These non-classic ...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - March 26, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

LY294002 and sorafenib as inhibitors of intracellular survival pathways in the elimination of human glioma cells by programmed cell death
AbstractGliomas are aggressive brain tumors with very high resistance to chemotherapy throughout the overexpression of multiple intracellular survival pathways. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate for the first time the anticancer activity of LY294002, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor and sorafenib, and rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma kinase (Raf) inhibitor in the elimination of human glioma cells by programmed cell death. MOGGCCM (anaplastic astrocytoma, III) and T98G (glioblastoma multiforme, IV) cell lines incubated with LY294002 and/or sorafenib were used in the experiments. Simult...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - July 8, 2021 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

TRIM66 Overexpression Promotes Glioma Progression and Regulates Glucose Uptake Through cMyc/GLUT3 Signaling
CONCLUSION: TRIM66 was upregulated in human gliomas, where it promoted cell growth and chemoresistance. Our data also identified novel roles of TRIM66 in glioma progression. TRIM66 upregulates glucose uptake and mitochondrial function through the cMyc/GLUT3 signaling, which makes it a potential therapeutic target.PMID:34234562 | PMC:PMC8256720 | DOI:10.2147/CMAR.S293728
Source: Cell Research - July 8, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Yuequn Song Lifang Meng Jian Yu Zhi Cao Jizhou Sun Hongyu Zhao Source Type: research

LncRNA HOTAIR sponges miR-301a-3p to promote glioblastoma proliferation and invasion through upregulating FOSL1
In this study, HOTAIR expression was found to be positively regulated by TRPM7, significantly upregulated in glioma tissues, and is a poor prognosis factor for glioma patients. Moreover, reduced HOTAIR expression impeded the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells. Mechanistically, HOTAIR directly interacted with miR-301a-3p, and downregulation of miR-301a-3p efficiently reversed FOSL1 suppression induced by siRNA HOTAIR, which implied that HOTAIR positively regulated FOSL1 level through sponging miR-301a-3p and played an oncogenic role in glioma progression. In contrast to HOTAIR's role, miR-301a-3p alone served as a t...
Source: Cellular Signalling - March 16, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Shanchun Guo Pendelton King Emily Liang Alyssa A Guo Mingli Liu Source Type: research