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Cancer: Brain Cancers

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Total 538 results found since Jan 2013.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates cell motility in human colon cancer
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potent neurotrophic factor that has been shown to affect cancer cell metastasis and migration. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of BDNF-induced cell migration in colon cancer cells. The migratory activities of two colon cancer cell lines, HCT116 and SW480, were found to be increased in the presence of human BDNF. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO)-1 is known to be involved in the development and progression of tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie HO-1 in the regulation of colon cancer cell migration remain unclear. Expression of HO-1 protein and mRNA i...
Source: Endocrine-Related Cancer - June 1, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Huang, S.-M., Lin, C., Lin, H.-Y., Chiu, C.-M., Fang, C.-W., Liao, K.-F., Chen, D.-R., Yeh, W.-L. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Evaluation of short-interfering RNAs treatment in experimental rabies due to wild-type virus
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2015 Source:The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases Author(s): Camila Michele Appolinario, Suasan Dora Allendorf, Marina Gea Peres, Clovis Reynaldo Fonseca, Acacia Ferreira Vicente, João Marcelo Azevedo de Paula Antunes, José Carlos Figueiredo Pantoja, Jane Megid We have evaluated the efficacy of short-interfering RNAs targeting the nucleoprotein gene and also the brain immune response in treated and non-treated infected mice. Mice were inoculated with wild-type virus, classified as dog (hv2) or vampire bat (hv3) variants and both groups were treated or leaved as...
Source: The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases - August 7, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Evaluation of short-interfering RNAs treatment in experimental rabies due to wild-type virus.
Abstract We have evaluated the efficacy of short-interfering RNAs targeting the nucleoprotein gene and also the brain immune response in treated and non-treated infected mice. Mice were inoculated with wild-type virus, classified as dog (hv2) or vampire bat (hv3) variants and both groups were treated or leaved as controls. No difference was observed in the lethality rate between treated and non-treated groups, although clinical evaluation of hv2 infected mice showed differences in the severity of clinical disease (p=0.0006). Evaluation of brain immune response 5 days post-inoculation in treated hv2 group showed no...
Source: Braz J Infect Dis - August 5, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Appolinario CM, Allendorf SD, Peres MG, Fonseca CR, Vicente AF, de Paula Antunes JM, Pantoja JC, Megid J Tags: Braz J Infect Dis Source Type: research

Abstract 4170: The role of VEGF-C for cell viability, tumor growth and bevacizumab resistance in glioblastoma multiforme
In conclusion, our current results show that VEGF-C is of importance for GBM cell viability and tumor growth presumable due to its ability to stimulate autocrine activation of VEGFR2. VEGF-C expression therefore could respresent a possible mechanism behind Bevacizumab resistance. An update on this will be presented.Citation Format: Signe R. Michaelsen, Mette K. Nedergaard, Thomas Urup, Mette Villingshoej, Andreas Kjaer, Lara Perryman, Janine T. Erler, Ulrik Lassen, Hans S. Poulsen. The role of VEGF-C for cell viability, tumor growth and bevacizumab resistance in glioblastoma multiforme. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 1...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Michaelsen, S. R., Nedergaard, M. K., Urup, T., Villingshoej, M., Kjaer, A., Perryman, L., Erler, J. T., Lassen, U., Poulsen, H. S. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4360: Validation of phosphodiesterase 10A as a cancer target
Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is a cAMP and cGMP degrading PDE isozyme that is highly expressed in the brain striatum where it plays an important role in cognition and psychomotor activity. PDE10 inhibitors are being developed for the treatment of schizophrenia and Huntington's disease and are generally well tolerated, likely because of low expression levels in peripheral tissues. We recently reported high levels of PDE10 in tumors and that genetic silencing by siRNA inhibits tumor cell growth with a high degree of selectivity over normal cells (Li et al., Oncogene 2014). These observations suggest that PDE10 may have an u...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee, K., Li, N., Chen, X., Zhu, B., Yet, L., Madeira da Silva, L., Russo, S., Keeton, A. B., Boyd, M. R., Piazza, G. A. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 4944: Identification of B-cell lymphoma 6 as a novel therapeutic target in glioblastoma
ConclusionOur data suggest that BCL6 is involved in glioma tumorigenesis through regulating both the TP53 and MEK-ERK pathways, and that BCL6 is a potential therapeutic target for glioma treatment.Citation Format: Ye Chen, Liang Xu, Masaharu Hazawa, Anand M. Thippeswamy, Henry Yang, Markus Müschen, De-Chen Lin, Phillip Koeffler. Identification of B-cell lymphoma 6 as a novel therapeutic target in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4944. doi:...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chen, Y., Xu, L., Hazawa, M., Thippeswamy, A. M., Yang, H., Muschen, M., Lin, D.–C., Koeffler, P. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

OTX2 is a therapeutic target for retinoblastoma and may function as a common factor between C-MYC, CRX, and phosphorylated RB pathways.
In this study on retinoblastoma, OTX2 was frequently amplified and/or overexpressed in primary tumors and cell lines. Knockdown of OTX2 expression by siRNA or pharmacologic inhibition by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) repressed OTX2 expression and cell proliferation and significantly decreased tumor growth in vivo. Loss of OTX2 expression also resulted in decreased expression of C-MYC and CRX, genes previously implicated in retinoblastoma tumorigenesis. Loss of OTX2 expression increased the phosphorylation of RB, a potential mechanism of modulating cell proliferation. Aberrant expression of OTX2 may contribute to the deve...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - September 23, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Li J, Di C, Jing J, Di Q, Nakhla J, Adamson DC Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

SEPT7 overexpression inhibits glioma cell migration by targeting the actin cytoskeleton pathway.
In conclusion, SEPT7 is involved in glioma cell migration with the assistance of cofilin phospho‑mediated cytoskeleton locomotion. PMID: 26846171 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncology Reports - February 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Role of PHLPP1 in inflammation response: Its loss contributes to gliomas development and progression.
Abstract PH domain leucine-rich repeats protein phosphatase 1(PHLPP1) belongs to a novel family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases: PHLPP serves as tumor suppressor in several cancers. However, little knowledge about the expression of PHLPP1 in human glioma tumor tissue and its role in inflammation response in glioma cells was known. Glioma samples were obtained from a total of 37 patients including 16 males and 21 females with surgical removal of the brain tumor. PHLPP1 protein and inflammatory cytokines were measured by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry while mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. The levels o...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - March 10, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Teng DC, Sun J, An YQ, Hu ZH, Liu P, Ma YC, Han B, Shi Y Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

JNK Activation Contributes to Oxidative Stress-Induced Parthanatos in Glioma Cells via Increase of Intracellular ROS Production
In this study, we used glioma cell lines and H2O2 to investigate the role of JNK in glioma cell parthanatos induced by oxidative stress. We found that exposure to H2O2 not only induced intracellular accumulation of ROS but also resulted in glioma cell death in a concentration- and incubation time-dependent manner, which was accompanied with cytoplasmic formation of PAR polymer, expressional upregulation of PARP-1, mitochondrial depolarization, and AIF translocation to nucleus. Pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 with 3AB or genetic knockdown of its level with siRNA rescued glioma cell death, as well as suppressed cytoplas...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 15, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Frequent Nek1 overexpression in human gliomas.
Abstract Never in mitosis A (NIMA)-related kinase 1 (Nek1) regulates cell cycle progression to mitosis. Its expression and potential functions in human gliomas have not been studied. Here, our immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay and Western blot assay results showed that Nek1 expression was significantly upregulated in fresh and paraffin-embedded human glioma tissues. Its level in normal brain tissues was low. Nek1 overexpression in human gliomas was correlated with the proliferation marker (Ki-67), tumor grade, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) and more importantly, patients' poor survival. Further studies showed th...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 28, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhu J, Cai Y, Liu P, Zhao W Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Wnt-beta-catenin pathway signals metastasis-associated tumor cell phenotypes in triple negative breast cancers.
We present the first evidence showing a direct functional relationship between WP activation and integrin-dependent MA-phenotypes. By proving the functional relationship between WP activation and MA-phenotypes, our data mechanistically explains (1) why different components of WP are upregulated in TNBC, (2) how WP activation is associated with metastasis and (3) how integrin-dependent MA-phenotypes can be regulated by mitigating the WP. PMID: 27281609 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncotarget - June 11, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Mediates Neuroprotection in Traumatic Brain Injury at Least in Part by Inactivating Microglia.
CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Nrf2 protects against TBI, at least part by regulating microglia function. PMID: 27336674 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - June 25, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 enhances CREB-dependent gene expression in spinal cord to maintain the bone cancer pain in mice
Conclusions Upregulation of CRTC1 enhancing CREB-dependent gene transcription in spinal cord may play an important role in bone cancer pain. Inhibition of spinal CRTC1 expression reduced bone cancer pain. Interruption to the positive feedback circuit between CREB/CRTC1 and its targets may contribute to the analgesic effects. These findings may provide further insight into the mechanisms and treatment of bone cancer pain.
Source: Molecular Pain - April 7, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Liang, Y., Liu, Y., Hou, B., Zhang, W., Liu, M., Sun, Y.-E., Ma, Z., Gu, X. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The diagnostic value and functional roles of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 in glioma.
Authors: Xu Z, Gong J, Wang C, Wang Y, Song Y, Xu W, Liu Z, Liu Y Abstract Previous studies indicated that phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is involved in many cancer types and promotes breast cancer progression. However, the role of PGAM1 in glioma remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association of PGAM1 expression with glioma grade and the role of PGAM1 in proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of glioma cells. The mRNA and protein expression of PGAM1 was analysed in glioma tissues and normal brain tissues. The expression of PGAM1 was examined further by immunohistochemical anal...
Source: Oncology Reports - September 1, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research