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Total 538 results found since Jan 2013.

Genetic Regulation of Liver Metabolites and Transcripts Linking to Biochemical-Clinical Parameters
Conclusion In summary, this study is the first to combine metabolomics, transcriptomics, and genome-wide association studies in a porcine model. Our results improve understanding of the genetic regulation of metabolites which link to transcripts and finally biochemical-clinical parameters. Further, high-performance profiling of metabolites as intermediate phenotypes is a potentially powerful approach to uncover how genetic variation affects metabolic and health status. Our results advance knowledge in areas of biomedical and agricultural interest and identify potential correlates of biomarkers, SNPs-metabolites, SNPs-tran...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 16, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Autophagy Is a Defense Mechanism Inhibiting Invasion and Inflammation During High-Virulent Haemophilus parasuis Infection in PK-15 Cells
In this study, we sought to investigate whether SH0165 (serovar 5, high-virulent strain) and HN0001 (serovar 6, non-virulent strain) infection induces autophagy and the specific role of autophagy in bacterial invasion and inflammation during H. parasuis infection. Moreover, we explored the mechanism underlying autophagy regulated inflammation through inflammatory signaling cascades during H. parasuis infection. This observation could provide useful information for further understanding the role of autophagy in H. parasuis infection and improve our knowledge of new strategies against this pathogen. Materials and Methods B...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

RNA interference targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α via a novel multifunctional surfactant attenuates glioma growth in an intracranial mouse model.
CONCLUSIONS Treating glioblastoma with siRNA targeting HIF-1α in vivo can significantly reduce tumor growth and increase survival in an intracranial mouse model, a finding that has direct clinical implications. PMID: 25423275 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - November 25, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Gillespie DL, Aguirre MT, Ravichandran S, Leishman LL, Berrondo C, Gamboa JT, Wang L, King R, Wang X, Tan M, Malamas A, Lu ZR, Jensen RL Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Glycogen-nucleic acid constructs for gene silencing in multicellular tumor spheroids.
Abstract The poor penetration of nanocarrier-siRNA constructs into tumor tissue is a major hurdle for the in vivo efficacy of siRNA therapeutics, where the ability of the constructs to permeate the 3D multicellular matrix is determined by their physicochemical properties. Herein, we optimized the use of soft glycogen nanoparticles for the engineering of glycogen-siRNA constructs that can efficiently penetrate multicellular tumor spheroids and exert a significant gene silencing effect. Glycogen nanoparticles from different bio-sources and with different structural features were investigated. We show that larger gl...
Source: Biomaterials - May 20, 2018 Category: Materials Science Authors: Wojnilowicz M, Besford QA, Wu YL, Loh XJ, Braunger JA, Glab A, Cortez-Jugo C, Caruso F, Cavalieri F Tags: Biomaterials Source Type: research

CD73 as a target to improve temozolomide chemotherapy effect in glioblastoma preclinical model
AbstractGlioblastoma is the most devastating primary brain tumor and effective therapies are not available. Treatment is based on surgery followed by radio and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), but TMZ increases patient survival only by 2  months. CD73, an enzyme responsible for adenosine production, emerges as a target for glioblastoma treatment. Indeed, adenosine causes tumor-promoting actions and CD73 inhibition increases sensitivity to TMZ in vitro. Here, a cationic nanoemulsion to nasal delivery of siRNA CD73 (NE-siRNA CD73) ai ming glioblastoma treatment was employed alone or in combination with TMZ. In vitro, t...
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - May 15, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Tumor necrosis factor-mediated downregulation of spinal astrocytic connexin43 leads to increased glutamatergic neurotransmission and neuropathic pain in mice.
Abstract Spinal cord astrocytes are critical in the maintenance of neuropathic pain. Connexin 43 (Cx43) expressed on spinal dorsal horn astrocytes modulates synaptic neurotransmission, but its role in nociceptive transduction has yet to be fully elaborated. In mice, Cx43 is mainly expressed in astrocytes, not neurons or microglia, in the spinal dorsal horn. Hind paw mechanical hypersensitivity was observed beginning 3 days after partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL), but a persistent downregulation of astrocytic Cx43 in ipsilateral lumbar spinal dorsal horn was not observed until 7 days post-PSNL, suggesting that ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - June 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Morioka N, Zhang FF, Nakamura Y, Kitamura T, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Nakata Y Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Tumor necrosis factor-mediated downregulation of spinal astrocytic connexin43 leads to increased glutamatergic neurotransmission and neuropathic pain in mice
Publication date: Available online 24 June 2015 Source:Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Author(s): Norimitsu Morioka , Fang Fang Zhang , Yoki Nakamura , Tomoya Kitamura , Kazue Hisaoka-Nakashima , Yoshihiro Nakata Spinal cord astrocytes are critical in the maintenance of neuropathic pain. Connexin 43 (Cx43) expressed on spinal dorsal horn astrocytes modulates synaptic neurotransmission, but its role in nociceptive transduction has yet to be fully elaborated. In mice, Cx43 is mainly expressed in astrocytes, not neurons or microglia, in the spinal dorsal horn. Hind paw mechanical hypersensitivity was observed beginning 3days ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - July 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Microenvironment-tailored micelles restrain carcinoma-astrocyte crosstalk for brain metastasis
This study indicates that the micelle system can serve as a hopeful strategy to treat breast-to-brain metastasis.PMID:35820539 | DOI:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.009
Source: Cancer Control - July 12, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhenhao Zhao Yujie Zhang Chao Li Xuwen Li Yongchao Chu Qin Guo Yiwen Zhang Weiyi Xia Peixin Liu Hongyi Chen Yu Wang Chufeng Li Tao Sun Chen Jiang Source Type: research

Reducing brain TACE activity improves neuroinflammation and cardiac function in heart failure rats
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α converting enzyme (TACE) is a key metalloprotease mediating ectodomain shedding of a variety of inflammatory mediators, substrates, and growth factors. We previously reported that TACE-mediated production of TNF-α in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) contributes to sympathetic excitation in heart failure (HF). Here, we sought to determine whether central interventions in TACE activity attenuate neuroinflammation and improve cardiac function in heart failure. Myocardial infarction-induced HF or sham-operated (SHAM) rats were treated with bilateral paraventricular nucleus microinj...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 9, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Expression of cortactin in human gliomas and its effect on migration and invasion of glioma cells.
Authors: Wang L, Zhao K, Ren B, Zhu M, Zhang C, Zhao P, Zhou H, Chen L, Yu S, Yang X Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of cortactin in the infiltrative behavior of glioma cells and the potential mechanism of cortactin in promoting the migration and invasion of glioma cells. The expression of cortactin was detected by immunohistochemistry in 40 human glioma specimens and 8 non-tumor brain specimens. U251, LN229 and SNB19 glioma cells were employed for the in vitro study and assigned into the siRNA-cortactin (transfected with siRNA specific to cortactin), siRNA-NC (transfected with ...
Source: Oncology Reports - August 7, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Delivery of Small Interfering RNA to Inhibit Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Zebrafish Using Natural Brain Endothelia Cell-Secreted Exosome Nanovesicles for the Treatment of Brain Cancer
In this study, we tested whether brain endothelial cell-derived exosomes could deliver siRNA across the blood –brain barrier (BBB) in zebrafish. Natural exosomes were isolated from brain endothelial bEND.3 cell culture media and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) siRNA was loaded in exosomes with the assistance of a transfection reagent. While fluorescence-activated cell flow cytometry and immunocy tochemistry staining studies indicated that wild-type exosomes significantly increased the uptake of fluorescence-labeled siRNA in the autologous brain endothelial cells, decreased fluorescence intensity was observed in...
Source: The AAPS Journal - November 22, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Functions of Non-coding RNAs in rRNA Regulation
Qi Yan1, Chengming Zhu1, Shouhong Guang1,2* and Xuezhu Feng1* 1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China 2CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein machines that decode the genetic information embedded in mRNAs into polypeptides. Ribosome biogenesis is tightly coordinated and controlled from the transcription of pre-rRNAs to the assembly of ribosomes. Defects or disorders in rRNA production result in a number of human ri...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 4, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

CDCA7L promotes glioma proliferation by targeting CCND1 and predicts an unfavorable prognosis.
Authors: Ji QK, Ma JW, Liu RH, Li XS, Shen FZ, Huang LY, Hui L, Ma YJ, Jin BZ Abstract Cell division cycle associated 7 like (CDCA7L) belongs to the JPO protein family, recently identified as a target gene of c‑Myc and is frequently dysregulated in multiple cancers. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies to date have been carried out to investigate the functions of CDCA7L in glioma. Thus, in this study, the expression level of CDCA7L and its association with the prognosis in glioma were detected through the TCGA database. The mRNA expression levels of CDCA7L in glioblastoma (GBM) tissues and normal bra...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - June 9, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

The Involvement of Programmed Cell Death 5 (PDCD5) in the Regulation of Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
CONCLUSIONS: PDCD5-induced apoptosis and over-expression of PDCD5 are harmful to the ischemic neurons in vivo. Meanwhile, the inhibition of PDCD5 may be protective via reducing the apoptotic-related protein such as p53, Bax, and caspase-3. This observation may have potential for the treatment of ischemic cerebral stroke. PMID: 23638963 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - May 3, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chen CH, Jiang Z, Yan JH, Yang L, Wang K, Chen YY, Han JY, Zhang JH, Zhou CM Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

Combination Treatment with Theranostic Nanoparticles for Glioblastoma Sensitization to TMZ
Conclusions While our results demonstrate that siRNA delivery by targeted nanoparticles resulted in modulating tumor response to chemotherapy in GBM, they also point to a significant contribution of CTX to tumor cell death.
Source: Molecular Imaging and Biology - September 26, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research