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Cancer: Brain Cancers

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Total 538 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 3975: PID1, a new growth-inhibitory gene, sensitizes brain tumor cell lines to chemotherapy
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that PID1 acts to sensitize glioma and medulloblastoma cells to chemotherapy, possibly explaining the correlation between higher PID1 mRNA and survival in patients. Citation Format: Jingying Xu, Xiuhai Ren, Anthony Tran, Gregory M. Shackleford, Anat Erdreich-Epstein. PID1, a new growth-inhibitory gene, sensitizes brain tumor cell lines to chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3975. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3975
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xu, J., Ren, X., Tran, A., Shackleford, G. M., Erdreich-Epstein, A. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4021: A kinome screen identifies SRPK1 to mediate breast cancer metastasis
Tumor cell migration plays key role in cancer cell dissemination and metastasis and is controlled by signaling-mediated cytoskeletal and cell-matrix adhesion remodeling. Using a phagokinetic track (PKT) assay with migratory H1299 cells, we performed a siRNA screen of almost 1,500 genes encoding kinases/phosphatases, adhesome-related and migration-related proteins, with the aim of identifying genes that determine tumor cell migration speed, and persistence. Thirty candidate genes, showing significant effect were validated in live tumor cell migration assays, and eight of those had a significant association with metastasis f...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Water, B. v. d., Roosmalen, W. v., Devedec, S. L., Meerman, J., Foekens, J., Martens, J., Geiger, B. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4354: miR-603 targets WIF1 to promote glioma tumorigenesis via Wnt/{beta}-catenin pathway
Glioma is the most common and deadly brain tumor. In spite of progressive treatments, which include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, patient prognosis has not improved significantly. Thus emerges the urgent need to discover novel targets that effectively control glioma. The aim of our work is to investigate the possible roles of miR-603 in glioma tumorigenesis. We first examined miR-603 expression in glioma patient samples and cell lines using RT-PCR. Then, the effect of miR-603 on glioma cells was determined by MTS assay, neurosphere formation assay, EdU assay and cell cycle analysis. Western blot, immunofluorescen...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Guo, M., Wang, G., Khadarian, K., Zheng, Y., Ha, A. D., Shen, J. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4391: Multi-modal nanomedicine for glioblastoma
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive primary neoplasm of the brain that exhibit notable refractivity to standard treatment regimens. Recent large-scale molecular profiling has revealed deregulated molecular networks as potential targets for therapeutic development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNA molecules which act as post-transcriptional regulators of specific messenger RNA transcripts. miRNAs play major roles in normal developmental processes, and their deregulation significantly contributes to various aspects of carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, in vivo delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and miRNA rem...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ofek, P., Calderon, M., Sheikhi-Mehrabadi, F., Ferber, S., Haag, R., Satchi-Fainaro, R. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4448: Overexpression of ECT2 promotes proliferation and metastasis of UPSC
Introduction: UPSC is a rare but aggressive malignancy that accounts for no more than 5 to 10% of uterine cancers, but more than 40% of associated uterine cancer deaths. The molecular events responsible for the poor clinical outcomes observed with UPSC are largely unknown. Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 oncogene (ECT2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Rho-GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP by Rho family GTPases. High levels of ECT2 expression have been reported in brain, lung and breast cancers, where they were shown promote metastasis. However, the role of ECT2 in UPSC has not been previously...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mach, C. M., Magliaro, T. J., Anderson, M. L. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4459: Characterization of a novel magnetic nanoparticles formulation for cancer therapeutic applications
We have successfully engineered a magnetic nanoparticles (MAG-NPs) formulation using a multi-layer approach which can be used for drug/gene/biomolecule delivery, hyperthermia, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications in cancer therapeutics. Overcoming nanoparticles clearance by the immune system remains a major challenge. This formulation is designed to provide an additional surface layer as molecular “authentication” that the body does not recognize as foreign material. The interaction between the surface of nanoparticles and plasma proteins leads to nanoparticle-protein complex which determines the rational ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yallapu, M. M., Chauhan, N., Othman, S. F., Khalilzad-Sharghi, V., Jaggi, M., Chauhan, S. C. Tags: Cancer Chemistry Source Type: research

Abstract 4607: Stathmin is involved in the maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase pathway and impacts in the outcome of glioblastoma
This study aim to analyze proteins and/or genes involved in the MELK pathway in the tumorigenesis of gliomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of the expression profile of a panel of protein relevant to the process of tumorigenesis that MELK is involved was performed by Proteomic analysis by two dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry for human glioma cell line U87MG transfected with siRNA for the MELK compared to U87MG transfected with non-target control (NTC) cells. Analysis and validation of gene expression was performed by Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) using SYBR Green method in a series of 153 astrocyto...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Uno, M., Oba-Shinjo, S. M., Silva, R., Gimenez, M., Rosa, J. C., Marie, S. K. N. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 4999: Paracrine regulation of glioma invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor
Conclusions: We suggest a mechanism by which astrocytes attracted to the glioma microenvironment facilitate brain invasion by secretion of GDNF and activation of RET/GFRα1 receptors expressed by the cancer cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Moran Amit, Ayelet Shabtay-Orbach, Yoav Binenbaum, Ziv Gil. Paracrine regulation of glioma invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Amit, M., Shabtay-Orbach, A., Binenbaum, Y., Gil, Z. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

AR-A 014418 Used against GSK3beta Downregulates Expression of hnRNPA1 and SF2/ASF Splicing Factors.
Authors: Yadav AK, Vashishta V, Joshi N, Taneja P Abstract Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive forms of primary brain tumors of glial cells, including aberrant regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK3 β ) and splicing factors deregulation. Here, we investigate the role of small molecule AR-A014418 and Manzamine A against GSK3 kinase with factual control on splicing regulators. AR-A 014418, 48 hrs posttreatment, caused dose (25-100  μ M) dependent inhibition in U373 and U87 cell viability with also inhibition in activating tyrosine phosphorylation of GSK3alpha (Tyr 279) and beta (Tyr 216). Furt...
Source: Journal of Oncology - November 17, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: J Oncol Source Type: research

Secretory prostate apoptosis response (Par)-4 sensitizes multicellular spheroids (MCS) of glioblastoma multiforme cells to tamoxifen-induced cell death
Publication date: Available online 21 November 2014 Source:FEBS Open Bio Author(s): Jayashree C. Jagtap , Parveen D , Reecha D. Shah , Aarti Desai , Dipali Bhosale , Ashish Chugh , Deepak Ranade , Swapnil Karnik , Bhushan Khedkar , Aaishwarya Mathur , Kumar Natesh , Goparaju Chandrika , Padma Shastry Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant form of brain tumor and is associated with resistance to conventional therapy and poor patient survival. Prostate apoptosis response (Par)-4, a tumor suppressor, is expressed as both an intracellular and secretory/extracellular protein. Though secretory Par-4 induces apopto...
Source: FEBS Open Bio - November 22, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

The doppel (Dpl) protein influences in vitro migration capability in astrocytoma-derived cells.
In this study, we aimed to investigate in vitro the potential involvement of Dpl in the tumor cell migration: to this purpose, Dpl expression was reduced in the IPDDC-A2 astrocytoma-derived cell line, by means of antisense and siRNA approaches; migration rates were then evaluated by means of a scratch wound healing assay. As a result, the cellular migration was sensibly reduced after Dpl silencing. Following a complementary approach, in HeLa cells, showing very low endogenous Dpl expression, the protein expression was induced by transfection and stabilization of an eukaryotic expression vector containing the doppel gene co...
Source: Analytical Cellular Pathology - November 25, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cell Oncol Source Type: research

PUMA is invovled in ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis of mouse cerebral astrocytes
Publication date: 22 January 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 284 Author(s): H. Chen , M. Tian , L. Jin , H. Jia , Y. Jin PUMA (p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis), a BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 protein family, is required for p53-dependent and p53-independent forms of apoptosis. PUMA has been invovled in the onset and progress of several diseases, including cancer, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and ischemic brain disease. Although many studies have shown that ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) can induce the apoptosis of astrocytes, the role of PUMA in I/R-mediated apoptosis of cerebral astrocyte apoptosis remain...
Source: Neuroscience - November 25, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

SAT1 Regulates BRCA1 Expression and HR in GBM
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and severe form of brain cancer. The median survival time of patients is approximately 12 months due to poor responses to surgery and chemoradiation. To understand the mechanisms involved in radioresistance, we conducted a genetic screen using an shRNA library to identify genes in which inhibition would sensitize cells to radiation. The results were cross-referenced with the Oncomine and Rembrandt databases to focus on genes that are highly expressed in GBM tumors and associated with poor patient outcomes. Spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), an enzyme involved...
Source: Cancer Research - November 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Brett-Morris, A., Wright, B. M., Seo, Y., Pasupuleti, V., Zhang, J., Lu, J., Spina, R., Bar, E. E., Gujrati, M., Schur, R., Lu, Z.-R., Welford, S. M. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research

Paracrine regulation of glioma cells invasion by astrocytes is mediated by glial derived neurothropic factor
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: International Journal of Cancer - December 8, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ayelet Shabtay‐Orbach, Moran Amit, Yoav Binenbaum, Shorook Na'ara, Ziv Gil Tags: Cancer Cell Biology Source Type: research

Autophagy inhibition improves the efficacy of curcumin/temozolomide combination therapy in glioblastomas
In this study, we tested the efficacy of combining temozolomide with curcumin, a phytochemical known to inhibit glioblastoma growth, and investigated the mechanisms involved. The data showed that synergy between curcumin and temozolomide was not achieved due to redundant mechanisms that lead to activating protective autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. Autophagy preceded apoptosis, and blocking this response with autophagy inhibitors (3-methyl-adenine, ATG7 siRNA and chloroquine) rendered cells susceptible to temozolomide and curcumin alone or combinations by increasing apoptosis.
Source: Cancer Letters - December 23, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alfeu Zanotto-Filho, Elizandra Braganhol, Karina Klafke, Fabrício Figueiró, Sílvia Resende Terra, Francis Jackson Paludo, Maurílio Morrone, Ivi Juliana Bristot, Ana Maria Battastini, Cassiano Mateus Forcelini, Alexander James Roy Bishop, Daniel Pens G Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research