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Cancer: Brain Cancers

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Total 538 results found since Jan 2013.

Early Growth Response 2 (Egr-2) Expression is Triggered by NF-κB Activation
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2014 Source:Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Author(s): Solmaz Nafez , Kensuke Oikawa , Gary L. Odero , Michael Sproule , Ning Ge , Jason Schapansky , Bernard Abrenica , Avril Hatherell , Chris Cadonic , Shunzhen Zhang , Xiaohua Song , Tiina Kauppinen , Gordon W. Glazner , Mariagrazia Grilli , Michael P. Czubryt , David D. Eisenstat , Benedict C. Albensi Transcription factors are known to play multiple roles in cellular function. Investigators report that factors such as early growth response (Egr) protein and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) are activated in the brain dur...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience - December 30, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Trafficking protein particle complex 6A delta (TRAPPC6∆) is an extracellular plaque-forming protein in the brain.
Authors: Chang JY, Lee MH, Lin SR, Yang LY, Sun HS, Sze CI, Hong Q, Lin YS, Chou YT, Hsu LJ, Jan MS, Gong CX, Chang NS Abstract Tumor suppressor WWOX is involved in the progression of cancer and neurodegeneration. Here, we examined whether protein aggregation occurs in the brain of nondemented, middle-aged humans and whether this is associated with WWOX downregulation. We isolated an N-terminal internal deletion isoform, TPC6AΔ, derived from alternative splicing of the TRAPPC6A (TPC6A) gene transcript. TPC6AΔ proteins are present as aggregates or plaques in the extracellular matrix of the brain such as in the cor...
Source: Oncotarget - February 6, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

miR - 155 contributes to the progression of glioma by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin pathway
This study is aimed to study the role of miR-155 in the progression of glioma. Our results revealed that miR-155 was overexpressed in the collected glioma specimen, compared with noncancerous brain tissues. The suppression of miR-155 attenuated the proliferation of glioma cells and the activation of Wnt pathway. Silencing miR-155 was also able to suppress the growth of U-87 MG glioma xenografts in mice. Pearson analysis indicated that miR-155 level was inversely correlated with the abundance of HMG-box transcription factor 1 (HBP1), a strong Wnt pathway inhibitor, in glioma samples. Further experiments confirmed that miR-1...
Source: Tumor Biology - February 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Combined anti-Galectin-1 and anti-EGFR siRNA-loaded chitosan-lipid nanocapsules decrease temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma: In vivo evaluation
This study demonstrates the potential of our strategy in glioblastoma therapy. Graphical abstract
Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutics - February 17, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The association between Salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) and gamma isoform of the regulatory subunit B55 of PP2A (B55gamma) contributes to the survival of glioma cells under glucose depletion through inhibiting the phosphorylation of S6K
Conclusion: In summary, our project will provide novel insight into the design and development of therapeutic strategies to target the B55gamma-mediated glucose metabolism for the treatment of human brain tumor patients.
Source: Cancer Cell International - February 18, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ya-nan LiYi-qun CaoXi WuGuo-sheng HanLai-xing WangYu-hui ZhangXin ChenBin HaoZhi-jian YueJian-min Liu Source Type: research

TGF-β/Smad2/3 signal pathway involves in U251 cell proliferation and apoptosis.
In this study, we identify that the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signal pathway is activated in human brain gliomas cells; inhibitor (SB203580) and siRNA against Smad2/3 quickly inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2 and 3, expression of its major downstream gene, Ki-67, arrested cells in the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis of cells. The findings suggest that TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway play a key role in U251 cell growth and metastasis, which suggests its potential role in the molecular therapy of brain cancer. PMID: 25701598 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Gene - February 18, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zhao HW, Li YW, Feng R, Yu JB, Li J, Zhang Y, Li JC, Wang YX Tags: Gene Source Type: research

VAMP8 facilitates cellular proliferation and temozolomide resistance in human glioma cells
Conclusion Our findings identified VAMP8 as a novel oncogene by promoting cell proliferation and therapeutic resistance in glioma. Targeting VAMP8 may serve as a potential therapeutic regimen for the treatment of glioma.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - February 18, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chen, Y., Meng, D., Wang, H., Sun, R., Wang, D., Wang, S., Fan, J., Zhao, Y., Wang, J., Yang, S., Huai, C., Song, X., Qin, R., Xu, T., Yun, D., Hu, L., Yang, J., Zhang, X., Chen, H., Chen, J., Chen, H., Lu, D. Tags: Basic and Translational Investigations Source Type: research

NFATc1 activation promotes the invasion of U251 human glioblastoma multiforme cells through COX-2.
Abstract Recent studies have revealed that the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is a transcription factor that is highly expressed in aggressive cancer cells and tissues, and mediates invasion through the transcriptional induction of pro-invasion and pro-migration genes. However, the mechanisms through which nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), in particular, translocates to the nucleus and regulates the invasion of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, to investigate the role of NFATc1 in GBM cells, we established ...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - March 4, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang L, Wang Z, Li J, Zhang W, Ren F, Yue W Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Tumor cell migration screen identifies SRPK1 as breast cancer metastasis determinant
Tumor cell migration is a key process for cancer cell dissemination and metastasis that is controlled by signal-mediated cytoskeletal and cell matrix adhesion remodeling. Using a phagokinetic track assay with migratory H1299 cells, we performed an siRNA screen of almost 1,500 genes encoding kinases/phosphatases and adhesome- and migration-related proteins to identify genes that affect tumor cell migration speed and persistence. Thirty candidate genes that altered cell migration were validated in live tumor cell migration assays. Eight were associated with metastasis-free survival in breast cancer patients, with integrin β...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - March 16, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wies van Roosmalen, Sylvia E. Le Dévédec, Ofra Golani, Marcel Smid, Irina Pulyakhina, Annemieke M. Timmermans, Maxime P. Look, Di Zi, Chantal Pont, Marjo de Graauw, Suha Naffar-Abu-Amara, Catherine Kirsanova, Gabriella Rustici, Peter A.C. ‘t Hoen, Joh Source Type: research

Tumor cell migration screen identifies SRPK1 as breast cancer metastasis determinant.
Abstract Tumor cell migration is a key process for cancer cell dissemination and metastasis that is controlled by signal-mediated cytoskeletal and cell matrix adhesion remodeling. Using a phagokinetic track assay with migratory H1299 cells, we performed an siRNA screen of almost 1,500 genes encoding kinases/phosphatases and adhesome- and migration-related proteins to identify genes that affect tumor cell migration speed and persistence. Thirty candidate genes that altered cell migration were validated in live tumor cell migration assays. Eight were associated with metastasis-free survival in breast cancer patients...
Source: Clinical Breast Cancer - March 16, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: van Roosmalen W, Le Dévédec SE, Golani O, Smid M, Pulyakhina I, Timmermans AM, Look MP, Zi D, Pont C, de Graauw M, Naffar-Abu-Amara S, Kirsanova C, Rustici G, Hoen PA, Martens JW, Foekens JA, Geiger B, van de Water B Tags: J Clin Invest Source Type: research

BCYRN1, a c-MYC-activated long non-coding RNA, regulates cell metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer
Conclusion: These findings uncover a regulatory mechanism in NSCLC cells involving the metastasis-promoting lncRNA BCYRN1 that improves expressions of the key metastasis-supporting proteins MMP9 and MMP13.
Source: Cancer Cell International - April 1, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tao HuYu-Run Lu Source Type: research

The influence of SRPK1 on glioma apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway under normoxia
Abstract Gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors, have low survival rates and poorly defined molecular mechanisms to target for treatment. Serine/arginine SR protein kinases 1 (SRPK1) can highly and specifically phosphorylate the SR protein found in many tumors, which can influence cell proliferation and angiogenesis. However, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of SRPK1 in gliomas are not understood. The aim of this study was to determine the functions and regulation of SRPK1 in gliomas. We found that SRPK1 inhibition induces early apoptosis and significantly inhibits xenograft tumor growth. Our results ind...
Source: Tumor Biology - April 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Functional Assays for Specific Targeting and Delivery of RNA Nanoparticles to Brain Tumor
Cumulative progress in nanoparticle development has opened a new era of targeted delivery of therapeutics to cancer cells and tissue. However, developing proper detection methods has lagged behind resulting in the lack of precise evaluation and monitoring of the systemically administered nanoparticles. RNA nanoparticles derived from the bacteriophage phi29 DNA packaging motor pRNA have emerged as a new generation of drugs for cancer therapy. Multifunctional RNA nanoparticles can be fabricated by bottom-up self-assembly of engineered RNA fragments harboring targeting (RNA aptamer or chemical ligand), therapeutic (siRNA, miR...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Biotechnology - April 25, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Source Type: news

miR-330-3p controls cell proliferation by targeting early growth response 2 in non-small-cell lung cancer.
In this study, up-regulation of miR-330-3p expression was confirmed in NSCLC and 20 NSCLC patient samples. Furthermore, miR-330-3p was over-expressed in NSCLC cell lines A549 and H23, and the promotive function of miR-330-3p was investigated in regulating NSCLC cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution. To identify potential target genes of miR-330-3p in NSCLC, the miRNA target prediction databases were used. Luciferase activity assay and real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed that miR-330-3p is negatively correlated with the expression of early growth response 2 (EGR2). Moreover, it was also found that EGR2 mRNA contain...
Source: Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica - May 2, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liu X, Shi H, Liu B, Li J, Liu Y, Yu B Tags: Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) Source Type: research

Coronin 1A depletion protects endothelial cells from TNFα-induced apoptosis by modulating p38β expression and activation.
Abstract Coronins are conserved actin-binding proteins that regulate various cellular processes such as migration and endocytosis. Among coronin family members, coronin 1A is highly expressed in hematopoietic lineage cells where it regulates cell homeostasis. However, the expression and function of coronin 1A in endothelial cells has not yet been elucidated. We found that coronin 1A is expressed in the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and human brain microvascular endothelial cell (HBMVEC). In HUVEC depleted of coronin 1A by siRNA transfection, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)+cyclohexamide (CHX) trea...
Source: Cellular Signalling - April 30, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Kim GY, Kim H, Lim HJ, Park HY Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research