Exploring the role of exosomal MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers in preeclampsia
The complex pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE), a significant contributor to maternal and neonatal mortality globally, is poorly understood despite substantial research. This review explores the involvement of exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) in PE, focusing on their impact on the protein kinase B (AKT)/hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway as well as endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Specifically, this article amalgamates existing evidence to reveal the pivotal role of exomiRs in regulating mesenchymal stem cell and trophoblast function, placental angioge...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies therapeutic targets for ankylosing spondylitis
ConclusionOur investigation examined the causal connections between six plasma proteins and AS, providing a comprehensive understanding of potential therapeutic targets. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Uterine macrophages and NK cells exhibit population and gene-level changes after implantation but maintain pro-invasive properties
ConclusionsThis work provides a foundation for further investigation of the individual roles of uterine immune cell subtypes present prior to embryo implantation and during early pregnancy, which will be critical for our understanding of pregnancy complications associated with abnormal trophoblast invasion and placentation. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Local carbachol application induces oral microvascular recruitment and improves gastric tissue oxygenation during hemorrhagic shock in dogs
ConclusionThe specific effect of shifting the autonomous balance by local carbachol treatment on microcirculatory variables varies between parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Contrary to our expectations, the improvement of gastric tissue oxygenation by local carbachol or nitroglycerine application was not related to increased microvascular perfusion. When carbachol is used in combination with local vasodilators, the additional effect on gastric tissue oxygenation depends on the specific drug combination. Therefore, modulation of tissue oxygen consumption, mitochondrial function or alterations in regional blood flow distr...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Transcriptomics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis unveiled: a new perspective from differentially expressed genes to therapeutic targets
ConclusionOur findings provide new insights into the molecular basis of IPF and highlight the promise of therapeutic interventions. They emphasize the potential of targeting specific molecular pathways for the treatment of IPF, laying the foundation for further research and clinical work. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
An updated advancement of bifunctional IL-27 in inflammatory autoimmune diseases
Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a member of the IL-12 family. The gene encoding IL-27 is located at chromosome 16p11. IL-27 is considered as a heterodimeric cytokine, which consists of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-induced gene 3 (Ebi3) and IL-27p28. Based on the function of IL-27, it binds to receptor IL-27rα or gp130 and then regulates downstream cascade. To date, findings show that the expression of IL-27 is abnormal in different inflammatory autoimmune diseases (including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren syndrome, Behcet’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic sclerosis,...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Empowering macrophages: the cancer fighters within the tumour microenvironment in mantle cell lymphoma
In Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL), the role of macrophages within the tumour microenvironment (TME) has recently gained attention due to their impact on prognosis and response to therapy. Despite their low absolute number in MCL tumour tissue, recent findings reveal an association between the levels of macrophages and prognosis, consistent with trends observed in other lymphoma subtypes. M2-like macrophages, identified by markers such as CD163, contribute to angiogenesis and suppression of the immune response. Clinical trials with MCL patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy and targeted treatments underscore the adverse impac...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Unveiling spatial complexity in solid tumor immune microenvironments through multiplexed imaging
This study establishes a robust framework for spatial exploration of TIMEs in solid tumors and underscores the potency of multiplexed tissue imaging and ultra-deep cell phenotyping in unraveling clinically relevant tumor components. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Silicone implant surface microtopography modulates inflammation and tissue repair in capsular fibrosis
Excessive fibrous capsule formation around silicone mammary implants (SMI) involves immune reactions to silicone. Capsular fibrosis, a common SMI complication linked to host responses, worsens with specific implant topographies. Our study with 10 patients investigated intra- and inter-individually, reduced surface roughness effects on disease progression, wound responses, chronic inflammation, and capsular composition. The results illuminate the significant impact of surface roughness on acute inflammatory responses, fibrinogen accumulation, and the subsequent fibrotic cascade. The reduction of surface roughness to an aver...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Case report: Successful treatment of acute generalized pustular psoriasis with multiple comorbidities with oral tacrolimus
Acute generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a serious illness. Despite various treatment methods, there is still lack of effective treatment plans for refractory cases with multiple comorbidities. This case report presents a 67-year-old woman with acute GPP, stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, in whom skin symptom disappearance and kidney function improvement were observed after the use of oral tacrolimus as the sole therapy. This is the first report on the application of tacrolimus in the treatment of acute GPP, especially refractory acute GPP. The successful treatment indi...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Immune and behavioral correlates of protection against symptomatic post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection
DiscussionIn the 32 participants that developed PVI, anti-Spike IgG bAbs correlated with lower disease severity and shorter duration of illness. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Activated B-Cells enhance epitope spreading to support successful cancer immunotherapy
Immune checkpoint therapies (ICT) have transformed the treatment of cancer over the past decade. However, many patients do not respond or suffer relapses. Successful immunotherapy requires epitope spreading, but the slow or inefficient induction of functional antitumoral immunity delays the benefit to patients or causes resistances. Therefore, understanding the key mechanisms that support epitope spreading is essential to improve immunotherapy. In this review, we highlight the major role played by B-cells in breaking immune tolerance by epitope spreading. Activated B-cells are key Antigen-Presenting Cells (APC) that divers...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Myeloid-derived suppressor cell-derived osteoclasts with bone resorption capacity in the joints of arthritic SKG mice
ConclusionsJo-MDSCs possess a potential to differentiate into osteoclasts which promote bone resorption in inflamed joints, while they are immunosuppressive in vitro. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Efficacy of the induced pluripotent stem cell derived and engineered CD276-targeted CAR-NK cells against human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
In this study, we created CD276-targeted CAR-expressing NK cells from pluripotent stem cells (iPSC CD276-targeted CAR-NK cells) and evaluated their cytotoxicity against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) using patient-specific organoid (PSO) models comprising of both CD276-positive and CD276-negative adjacent epithelium PSO models (normal control PSO, NC PSO) as well as primary culture of ESCC cell models. In addition, in vitro and in vivo models such as KYSE-150 were also examined. iPSC NK cells and NK-free media were used as the CAR-free and NK-free controls, respectively.ResultsThe positive CD276 staining was spe...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 19, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Profiling antibody epitopes induced by mRNA-1273 vaccination and boosters
ConclusionOverall, these results identify key S-specific epitopes targeted by antibodies induced by mRNA-1273 primary and variant-updated booster vaccination. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research