Real-world retrospective study of immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy as a bladder-sparing treatment strategy for muscle-invasive bladder urothelial cancer
ConclusionsBladder sparing therapy with PD-1 inhibitor in combination with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is feasible, safe, and highly effective for patients who were unfit or unwilling to undergo RC. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 22, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Hyperprogressive disease in non-small cell lung cancer after PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors immunotherapy: underlying killer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target the negative regulatory pathway of T cells and effectively reactive the anti-tumor immune function of T cells by blocking the key pathway of the immune escape mechanism of the tumor—PD-1/PD-L1, and fundamentally changing the prospect of immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer patients. However, such promising immunotherapy is overshadowed by Hyperprogressive Disease, a response pattern associated with unwanted accelerated tumor growth and characterized by poor prognosis in a fraction of treated patients. This review comprehensively provides an overview of Hyperprogressive D...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 22, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Single-cell RNA-seq reveals developmental deficiencies in both the placentation and the decidualization in women with late-onset preeclampsia
In this study, we perform single-cell RNA-seq on the placenta and the decidual from patients with late-onset PE (LOPE) and women in normal pregnancy. Analyses of single-cell transcriptomes reveal that in LOPE, there are likely a global development deficiency of trophoblasts with impaired invasion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) and increased maternal immune rejection and inflammation in the placenta, while there are likely insufficient decidualization of decidual stromal cells (DSC), increased inflammation, and suppressed regulatory functions of decidual immune cells. These findings improve our understanding of the mole...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 22, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Overcoming the immune suppressive nature of glioblastoma by leveraging the surgical intervention - current status and future perspectives
Despite relentless efforts to improve outcome, the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor. Standard therapy at first diagnosis consists of maximal safe surgical resection followed by radiochemotherapy, but treatment options at recurrence are scarce and have limited efficacy. Immunotherapy is a broad term that covers several treatment strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). The successes of systemically administered therapeutic monoclonal antibodies that block the Programmed death receptor or ligand (PD-(L)1) and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte associated protein (CTLA)-4 immune checkpoints in other cancer ty...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Deciphering the single-cell transcriptome network in keloids with intra-lesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide combined with 5-fluorouracil
ConclusionsOur findings elucidated the molecular and cellular reprogramming of keloids by intra-lesional injection of TAC+5-FU, which will provide new insights to understand the mechanism of action and therapeutic targets. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Performance of spectral flow cytometry and mass cytometry for the study of innate myeloid cell populations
DiscussionAltogether, our results show a good correlation between SFC and MC for the identification, enumeration and characterization of IMC in blood, based on large panels (>20) of antibody reagents. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
A tetravalent nanoparticle vaccine elicits a balanced and potent immune response against dengue viruses without inducing antibody-dependent enhancement
Dengue fever is a global health threat caused by the dengue virus (DENV), a vector-borne and single-stranded RNA virus. Development of a safe and efficacious vaccine against DENV is a demanding challenge. The greatest pitfall in the development of vaccines is antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), which is closely associated with disease exacerbation. We displayed the modified envelope proteins from the four serotypes of the DENV on a 24-mer ferritin nanoparticle, respectively. This tetravalent nanoparticle vaccine induced potent humoral and cellular immunity in mice without ADE and conferred efficient protection against th...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Staphylococcus aureus δ-toxin present on skin promotes the development of food allergy in a murine model
ConclusionEven without tape stripping, δ-toxin present on skin enhances epicutaneous sensitization to food allergen in an IL-1α-dependent manner, thereby promoting the development of food allergy. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Transcriptome-wide identification of altered RNA m6A profiles in cardiac tissue of rats with LPS-induced myocardial injury
Conclusionm6A modification is involved in the pathogenesis process of LPS-induced myocardial injury, possibly through the regulation of inflammatory response and apoptosis-related pathways. These results provide valuable information regarding the potential pathogenic mechanisms underlying LPS-induced myocardial injury. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Chronic ethanol exposure impairs alveolar leukocyte infiltration during pneumococcal pneumonia, leading to an increased bacterial burden despite increased CXCL1 and nitric oxide levels
Ethanol abuse is a risk factor for the development of pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, a critical pathogen for public health. The aim of this article was to investigate the inflammatory mechanisms involved in pneumococcal pneumonia that may be associated with chronic ethanol exposure. Male C57BL6/J-Unib mice were exposed to 20% (v/v) ethanol for twelve weeks and intranasally infected with 5x104 CFU of S. pneumoniae. Twenty-four hours after infection, lungs, bronchoalveolar lavage and blood samples were obtained to assess the consequences of chronic ethanol exposure during infection. Alcohol-fed mice showed inc...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Platelet-neutrophil interaction in COVID-19 and vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known to commonly induce a thrombotic diathesis, particularly in severely affected individuals. So far, this COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) has been partially explained by hyperactivated platelets as well as by the prothrombotic effects of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released from neutrophils. However, precise insight into the bidirectional relationship between platelets and neutrophils in the pathophysiology of CAC still lags behind. Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare autoimmune disorder caused by auto-antibody formation in response to immu...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
An update on the biologics for the treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity with the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). Although anticoagulation is the primary treatment for APS, it fails in approximately 20-30% of obstetric APS cases and more than 30% of thrombotic APS cases. Therefore, there is a need for new, targeted treatments beyond anticoagulants. Biologics, such as rituximab and eculizumab, have been recommended for refractory catastrophic APS. This review focuses on the recent advancements in the pathogenesis of APS and explores the potential of targ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
E. coli Nissle 1917 ameliorates mitochondrial injury of granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome through promoting gut immune factor IL-22 via gut microbiota and microbial metabolism
ConclusionEcN improved IL-22 level and mitochondrial damage of granulosa cells in PCOS mice by promoting the recovery of sex hormone levels and ovarian tissue morphology, inhibiting the amount of gut microbiota, and promoting amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Spatial distribution of tumor-infiltrating T cells indicated immune response status under chemoradiotherapy plus PD-1 blockade in esophageal cancer
ConclusionsWe firstly illustrated the T-cell spatial distribution in ESCC. Combining chemoradiotherapy with PD-1 blockade could improve the antitumor immune microenvironment, which benefits the treatment outcome. Further understanding the precision spatiality of tumor-infiltrating T cells would provide new evidence for the tumor immune microenvironment and for the combination treatment with immunotherapy. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The circadian rhythm key gene ARNTL2: a novel prognostic biomarker for immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment identification and immunotherapy outcome prediction in human cancers
ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that ARNTL2 is a potential human oncogene that plays an important role in tumorigenesis and cancer immunity. Elevated ARNTL2 expression indicates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Targeting ARNTL2 in combination with ICI therapy could bring more significant therapeutic benefits to patients with cancer. Our study sheds light on the remarkable potential of ARNTL2 in tumor immunity and provides a novel perspective for anti-tumor strategies. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
