Anti-staphylococcus aureus adaptive immunity is impaired in end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis: one-year longitudinal study
ConclusionAll together, these results show that adaptive immunity was largely impaired in ESRD patients, whereas innate immunity was less impacted and tended to be restored by HD. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Self-assembled albumin nanoparticles induce pyroptosis for photodynamic/photothermal/immuno synergistic therapies in triple-negative breast cancer
In conclusion, IR780-ZnS@HSA, as a novel inducer of pyroptosis, can significantly inhibit tumor growth and improve the efficacy of aPD-L1. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Harnessing type I interferon-mediated immunity to target malignant brain tumors
Type I interferons have long been appreciated as a cytokine family that regulates antiviral immunity. Recently, their role in eliciting antitumor immune responses has gained increasing attention. Within the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), interferons stimulate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to promote immune clearance and essentially reshape a “cold” TME into an immune-activating “hot” TME. In this review, we focus on gliomas, with an emphasis on malignant glioblastoma, as these brain tumors possess a highly invasive and heterogenous brain TME. We address how type I interferons regulate antitumor im...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The effectiveness of calcium electroporation combined with gene electrotransfer of a plasmid encoding IL-12 is tumor type-dependent
ConclusionsMice bearing 4T1 tumors responded better to CaEP in vivo than mice bearing B16-F10 tumors, even though a similar response was observed in vitro. Namely, one of the most important factors might be involvement of the immune system. This was confirmed by the combination of CaEP or ECT with IL-12 GET, which further enhanced antitumor effectiveness. However, the potentiation of CaEP effectiveness was also highly dependent on tumor type; it was more pronounced in poorly immunogenic B16-F10 tumors compared to moderately immunogenic 4T1 tumors. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Editorial: Insights in microbial immunology: 2022
(Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Engineering tandem CD33xCD146 CAR CIK (cytokine-induced killer) cells to target the acute myeloid leukemia niche
In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), malignant stem cells hijack the normal bone marrow niche where they are largely protected from the current therapeutic approaches. Thus, eradicating these progenitors is the ultimate challenge in the treatment of this disease. Specifically, the development of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) against distinct mesenchymal stromal cell subpopulations involved in the maintenance of leukemic stem cells within the malignant bone marrow microenvironment could represent a new strategy to improve CAR T-cell therapy efficacy, which is still unsuccessful in AML. As a proof of concept, we generated a ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Circulating levels of cytokines and risk of cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study
ConclusionThe present study provides supportive evidence that genetic predisposition to levels of certain cytokines causally affects the development of specific type of CVD. These findings have important implications for the creation of novel therapeutic strategies targeting these cytokines as a means of preventing and treating CVD. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Functional CVIDs phenotype clusters identified by the integration of immune parameters after BNT162b2 boosters
DiscussionThanks to the integration of our data, we identified four functional groups of CVIDs patients with different B cell phenotypes, T cell functions, and clinical diseases. The presence of antibodies alone is not sufficient to demonstrate the establishment of immune memory and the measurement of the in-vivo response to vaccination distinguishes patients with different immunological defects and clinical diseases. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Clinical experience and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in giant cell arteritis: a retrospective case series from Sweden
We present encouraging observational data on JAKi in GCA in one of the hitherto largest case series with long-term follow-up. Our clinical experiences will complement the results from the awaited RCT. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Controlled human infection models in COVID-19 and tuberculosis: current progress and future challenges
This article will discuss current progress and potential future developments in CHIMs for these two globally significant pathogens. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Screening and characterization of the scFv for chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CEA-positive carcinoma
This study highlights the importance of selecting an optimal scFv in CAR-T cell design for effective CEA-targeted therapy. The identified optimal scFv, M5A, could be potentially applied in future clinical trials of CAR-T cell therapy targeting CEA-positive carcinoma. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Yeast cell wall extracts from Saccharomyces cerevisiae varying in structure and composition differentially shape the innate immunity and mucosal tissue responses of the intestine of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
With the rising awareness of antimicrobial resistance, the development and use of functional feed additives (FFAs) as an alternative prophylactic approach to improve animal health and performance is increasing. Although the FFAs from yeasts are widely used in animal and human pharma applications already, the success of future candidates resides in linking their structural functional properties to their efficacy in vivo. Herein, this study aimed to characterise the biochemical and molecular properties of four proprietary yeast cell wall extracts from S. cerevisiae in relation to their potential effect on the intestinal immu...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Case Report: Paroxysmal weakness of unilateral limb as an initial symptom in anti-LGI1 encephalitis: a report of five cases
In this report, we describe five cases of anti-LGI1 encephalitis with paroxysmal limb weakness. Patients had similar presentations, where a sudden weakness involving a unilateral limb was observed, which lasted several seconds and occurred dozens of times each day, with the anti-LGI1 antibody being positive in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). FBDS occurred after a mean of 12 days following paroxysmal limb weakness in three of five patients (Cases 1, 4, and 5). All patients were given high-dose steroid therapy, which had a good effect on their condition. Based on this report, we suggest that paroxysmal unilateral w...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Cytokine release syndrome and cancer immunotherapies – historical challenges and promising futures
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer immunotherapy involves reinvigorating the patient’s own immune system to fight against cancer. While novel approaches like Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells, bispecific T cell engagers, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising efficacy, Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) is a serious adverse effect and remains a major concern. CRS is a phenomenon of immune hyperactivation that results in excessive cytokine secretion, and if left unchecked, it may lead to multi-organ failure and death. Here we review the pathophysiology of CRS, its occurrence and manag...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Cell-based and cell-free immunotherapies for glioblastoma: current status and future directions
Glioblastoma (GBM) is among the most fatal and recurring malignant solid tumors. It arises from the GBM stem cell population. Conventional neurosurgical resection, temozolomide (TMZ)-dependent chemotherapy and radiotherapy have rendered the prognosis of patients unsatisfactory. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can frequently induce non-specific damage to healthy brain and other tissues, which can be extremely hazardous. There is therefore a pressing need for a more effective treatment strategy for GBM to complement or replace existing treatment options. Cell-based and cell-free immunotherapies are currently being investigated...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
