Maternal gut microbiota in the health of mothers and offspring: from the perspective of immunology
Due to the physiological alteration during pregnancy, maternal gut microbiota changes following the metabolic processes. Recent studies have revealed that maternal gut microbiota is closely associated with the immune microenvironment in utero during pregnancy and plays a vital role in specific pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth and recurrent miscarriages. Some other evidence has also shown that aberrant maternal gut microbiota increases the risk of various diseases in the offspring, such as allergic and neurodevelopmental disorders, through the immune alignment between moth...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Causal association between psoriasis vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
ConclusionsOur results suggested that psoriasis vulgaris causally increases the risk of BP, highlighting the need for potential strategies for the prevention and early diagnosis of comorbid BP in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Further researches into this association and underlying mechanisms are warranted. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
TIGIT regulates CD4+ T cell immunity against polymicrobial sepsis
ConclusionTIGIT modulates CD4+ T cell response against polymicrobial sepsis, suggesting that TIGIT could serve as a potential therapeutic target for sepsis. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Characterization of atypical T cells generated during ex vivo expansion process for T cell-based adoptive immunotherapy
Engineered T cell-based adoptive immunotherapies met promising success for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Nevertheless, major hurdles remain to be overcome regarding the management of relapses and the translation to solid tumor settings. Properties of T cell-based final product should be appropriately controlled to fine-tune the analysis of clinical trial results, to draw relevant conclusions, and finally to improve the efficacy of these immunotherapies. For this purpose, we addressed the existence of atypical T cell subsets and deciphered their phenotypic and functional features in an HPV16-E7 specific and M...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Host-functionalization of macrin nanoparticles to enable drug loading and control tumor-associated macrophage phenotype
Macrophages are critical regulators of the tumor microenvironment and often present an immuno-suppressive phenotype, supporting tumor growth and immune evasion. Promoting a robust pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype has emerged as a therapeutic modality that supports tumor clearance, including through synergy with immune checkpoint therapies. Polyglucose nanoparticles (macrins), which possess high macrophage affinity, are useful vehicles for delivering drugs to macrophages, potentially altering their phenotype. Here, we examine the potential of functionalized macrins, synthesized by crosslinking carboxymethyl dextran wit...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Recent advances in different interactions between toll-like receptors and hepatitis B infection: a review
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) B infections remain a primary global health concern. The immunopathology of the infection, specifically the interactions between HBV and the host immune system, remains somewhat unknown. It has been discovered that innate immune reactions are vital in eliminating HBV. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an essential category of proteins that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). They begin pathways of intracellular signals to stimulate pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus forming adaptive immune reactions. HBV TLRs include TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9. Each TLR has i...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Overcoming cold tumors: a combination strategy of immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has advanced significantly in treating malignant tumors, though most ‘cold’ tumors show no response. This resistance mainly arises from the varied immune evasion mechanisms. Hence, understanding the transformation from ‘cold’ to ‘hot’ tumors is essential in developing effective cancer treatments. Furthermore, tumor immune profiling is critical, requiring a range of diagnostic techniques and biomarkers for evaluation. The success of immunotherapy relies on T cells’ ability to recognize and eliminate tumor cells. In ‘cold’ tumors, the absence of T cell infiltratio...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in cancer: dual roles, complex interactions and therapeutic potential
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play diverse roles in cancer, infectious diseases, and immunotherapy. This review explores their intricate involvement in cancer, from early detection to their dual functions in promoting inflammation and mediating anti-tumor responses. Within the solid tumor microenvironment (TME), MAIT cells can acquire an ‘exhausted’ state and secrete tumor-promoting cytokines. On the other hand, MAIT cells are highly cytotoxic, and there is evidence that they may have an anti-tumor immune response. The frequency of MAIT cells and their subsets has also been shown to have prognostic value ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Real-world experience of teriflunomide in relapsing multiple sclerosis: paramagnetic rim lesions may play a role
ConclusionTeriflunomide is effective in reducing ARR in Chinese patients with RRMS. Patients with less PRL burden, less frequent relapses, and relatively older age are likely to benefit more from teriflunomide, indicating that PRL might be a valuable measurement to inform clinical treatment decision. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Acanthopanax senticosus improves cognitive impairment in Alzheimer ’s disease by promoting the phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway
ConclusionOur study indicates that the multi-component and multi-target properties of AS play an important role in the alleviation of anxiety and memory impairment caused by AD, and the mechanism is involved in the phosphorylation and activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. The results of this study could provide a novel perspective for the clinical treatment of AD. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Circulating myeloid populations have prognostic utility in alcohol-related liver disease
DiscussionWe demonstrate for the first time that immature granulocyte (IG) counts correlate with markers of disease severity, and our data suggests that elevated counts are associated with increased short-term mortality and risk of infection. Other myeloid populations such as eosinophils and basophils also show promise. Thus IG count has the potential to serve alongside established markers such as neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio as a simply calculated predictor of mortality and risk of infectious complications in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis. This would allow identification of patients who may require more intensiv...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The role of foam cells in spinal cord injury: challenges and opportunities for intervention
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a large amount of tissue cell debris in the lesion site, which interacts with various cytokines, including inflammatory factors, and the intrinsic glial environment of the central nervous system (CNS) to form an inhibitory microenvironment that impedes nerve regeneration. The efficient clearance of tissue debris is crucial for the resolution of the inhibitory microenvironment after SCI. Macrophages are the main cells responsible for tissue debris removal after SCI. However, the high lipid content in tissue debris and the dysregulation of lipid metabolism within macrophages lead to their ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The effects of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
ConclusionVitamin D supplementation in individuals with asthma was not associated with lower inflammatory biomarkers related to type 2 inflammation. However, it was significantly associated with higher serum IL-10 compared to placebo.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022365666. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
IFN- γ enhances protective efficacy against Nocardia seriolae infection in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
DiscussionThis work paves the way for further research into IFN-γ of largemouth bass and identifies a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of N. seriolae. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mechanisms of inflammation modulation by different immune cells in hypertensive nephropathy
This article reviews the mechanisms by which several different immune cells and inflammatory cytokines regulate blood pressure and renal damage in HTN. It mainly focuses on immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines and inhibitors. However, further comprehensive and large-scale studies are needed to determine the role of these markers and provide effective protocols for clinical intervention and treatment. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 13, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
