Investigating peripheral blood monocyte and T-cell subsets as non-invasive biomarkers for asymptomatic hepatic steatosis: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
ConclusionsHigher circulating memory CD4+ T cells may reflect liver fat severity. CD8+CD57+ cells were associated with liver fat presence and severity, but replication of findings is required. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Computational identification and experimental verification of a novel signature based on SARS-CoV-2 –related genes for predicting prognosis, immune microenvironment and therapeutic strategies in lung adenocarcinoma patients
ConclusionOur research has pioneered the development of a consensus Cov-2S signature by employing an innovative approach with 10 machine learning algorithms for LUAD. Cov-2S reliably forecasts the prognosis, mirrors the tumor’s local immune condition, and supports clinical decision-making in tumor therapies. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Deconvolution of synovial myeloid cell subsets across pathotypes and role of COL3A1+ macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis remission
ConclusionThis study reported unexplored associations between different pathologies and myeloid cell subtypes. We also identified a fibroblast-and-M2-like cluster named COL3A1+ Mp, which potentially contributes to synovial immune homeostasis. Targeting the development of COL3A1+ Mp may hold promise for inducing RA remission. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Unraveling IFN-I response dynamics and TNF crosstalk in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus
DiscussionWe provide a solid droplet-based microfluidic platform to study inherent immune secretory behaviors, substantiated by ODE modeling, which can challenge the conceptualization within and between different immune signaling systems. These insights will build towards an improved fundamental understanding on single-cell decision-making in health and disease. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
External quality assurance program for diagnostic complement laboratories: evaluation of the results of the past seven years
ConclusionWith these accumulated data from the past seven years, it is now possible to assess sample-, method-, and evaluation related aspects to further improve proficiency testing and protocolize diagnostic complement determinations. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
L-fucose and fucoidan alleviate high-salt diet-promoted acute inflammation
In this study, we observed that HSD consumption reduced the abundance of the gut microbial metabolite L-fucose, leading to a more substantial inflammatory response in mice. A HSD led to increased peritonitis incidence in mice, as evidenced by the increased accumulation of inflammatory cells and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1, also known as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 or CCL2), in peritoneal lavage fluid. Following the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, HSD-induced inflammation was abolished,...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Dysfunctional mitochondria, disrupted levels of reactive oxygen species, and autophagy in B cells from common variable immunodeficiency patients
ConclusionThe failure in ROS cell signalling could impair CVID naïve B cell activation and differentiation to memory B cells. Decreased levels of ROS in CVID memory CD19+CD27+ B cells, which negatively correlate with their in vitro cell death and autophagy, could be detrimental and lead to their previously demonstrated premature death. The final consequence would be the failure to generate a functional B cell compartment in CVID patients. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the school community in Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, October 2021 –November 2022
DiscussionThe results made it possible to evaluate the extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the school community through immunity developed against the virus, in addition to providing information about COVID-19 symptoms in children, adolescents, and adults. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Indole-3-carbinol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome through activation of AhR: role of CCR2+ monocyte activation and recruitment in the regulation of CXCR2+ neutrophils in the lungs
DiscussionThese findings suggest that CCR2+ monocytes are involved in the migration and recruitment of CXCR2+ neutrophils during ARDS, and the AhR ligand, I3C, can suppress ARDS through the regulation of immune cell trafficking. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Modelling of macrophage responses to biomaterials in vitro: state-of-the-art and the need for the improvement
The increasing use of medical implants in various areas of medicine, particularly in orthopedic surgery, oncology, cardiology and dentistry, displayed the limitations in long-term integration of available biomaterials. The effective functioning and successful integration of implants requires not only technical excellence of materials but also consideration of the dynamics of biomaterial interaction with the immune system throughout the entire duration of implant use. The acute as well as long-term decisions about the efficiency of implant integration are done by local resident tissue macrophages and monocyte-derived macrop...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Bispecific antibodies tethering innate receptors induce human tolerant dendritic cells and regulatory T cells
There is an urgent need for alternative therapies targeting human dendritic cells (DCs) that could reverse inflammatory syndromes in many auto-immune and inflammatory diseases and organ transplantations. Here we describe a bispecific antibody (bsAb) strategy tethering two pathogenrecognition receptors at the surface of human DCs. This cross-linking switches DCs into a tolerant profile able to induce regulatory T-cell differentiation. The bsAbs, not parental Abs, induced interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor b1 secretion in monocyte-derived DCs and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In addition, they induced ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
The interplay of inflammation and placenta in maternal diabetes: insights into Hofbauer cell expression patterns
ConclusionThe expression profiles of IL-1β, CYP epoxygenases and sEH significantlly differ between controls and diabetic placentas and between T1DM and GDM. These facts suggest an association of the CYP epoxygenase-EETs-sEH axis with IL-1β expression as well as villous stromal hypovascularisation. Given the stable high expression of IL-10 in both controls and both types of diabetes, it appears that immune tolerance is maintained in HBCs. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 25, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Role of microRNAs in host defense against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection: a hidden front line
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most globally devastating viruses threatening the swine industry worldwide. Substantial advancements have been achieved in recent years towards comprehending the pathogenesis of PRRSV infection and the host response, involving both innate and adaptive immune responses. Not only a multitude of host proteins actively participate in intricate interactions with viral proteins, but microRNAs (miRNAs) also play a pivotal role in the host response to PRRSV infection. If a PRRSV–host interaction at the protein level is conceptualized as the front line of t...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 25, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Generation and characterization of antagonistic anti-human CD39 nanobodies
CD39 is the major enzyme controlling the levels of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via the stepwise hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). As extracellular ATP is a strong promoter of inflammation, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) blocking CD39 are utilized therapeutically in the field of immune-oncology. Though anti-CD39 mAbs are highly specific for their target, they lack deep penetration into the dense tissue of solid tumors, due to their large size. To overcome this limitation, we generated and characterized nanobodies that targeted and blocked human CD39. From cDNA-i...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 25, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Case report: unprecedented case of infantile cerebral infarction following COVID-19 and favorable outcome
We present a case of a previously healthy 7-month-old infant who developed cerebral infarction and coagulation dysfunction three days after COVID-19 onset. Clinically, the infant had weakness in the left limbs and pinpoint bleeding spots. A cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed ischemic strokes in the right basal ganglia and thalamus. Laboratory tests indicated thrombocytopenia and coagulation dysfunction. Inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-10 were elevated, with increased CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes but decreased CD3- CD16+ CD56+ natural killer cells. Treatment included mannitol, dexamethasone, oral aspiri...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 25, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
