Three distinct mechanisms underlying human γδ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity against malignant pleural mesothelioma
IntroductionMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and highly aggressive thoracic tumor with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors exhibit a promising effect in some patients with unresectable MPM in clinical trials, the majority of MPM patients show only modest response rates to the currently available treatments. It is thus imperative to develop novel and innovative therapeutic modalities for MPM, including immune effector cell-based therapies.Methodsγδ T cells were expanded using tetrakis-pivaloyloxymethyl 2-(thiazole-2-ylamino) ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (PTA...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Comparison of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy as the first-line treatment option for patients with severe hepatitis −associated aplastic anemia
Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) is a rare variant of acquired aplastic anemia characterized with a syndrome of bone marrow failure after hepatitis. We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of consecutive severe HAAA patients who received immunosuppressive therapy (IST, n = 70), matched-sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (MSD-HSCT, n = 26) or haploidentical-donor (HID) HSCT (n = 11) as the first-line treatment. In the IST group, the hematologic response (HR) rate was 55.71% at 6 months. In contrast, HSCT recipients exhibited significantly more rapid and sustained hematopoiesis (HR 76.92%, 96.1...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Deficient leptin receptor signaling in T cells of human SLE
ConclusionLeptin receptor deficiency blocks the inhibitory effect of leptin on SLE Tfh cell differentiation, serving as a promising therapeutic target for lupus management. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Prognostic signatures of sphingolipids: Understanding the immune landscape and predictive role in immunotherapy response and outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma
ConclusionThe study presents a six-gene signature and a nomogram that can aid clinicians in choosing personalized treatments for HCC patients. Furthermore, it uncovers the connection between sphingolipid-related genes and the immune microenvironment, offering a novel approach for immunotherapy. By focusing on crucial sphingolipid genes like SMPD2 and CSTA, the efficacy of anti-tumor therapy can be increased in HCC cells. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Varicella Zoster Virus infects mucosal associated Invariant T cells
DiscussionThese data identify MAIT cells as being permissive to VZV infection and identify impacts of such infection on co- expressed functional markers. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Histone acetylation-related IncRNA: Potential biomarkers for predicting prognosis and immune response in lung adenocarcinoma, and distinguishing hot and cold tumours
ConclusionWe developed a risk-scoring model based on seven prognostic HARlncRNAs that promises to be a new tool for evaluating the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with LUAD. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Hemorrhage complications in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome: Risk factors and association with adverse pregnancy outcomes
ConclusionThe study shows that mucocutaneous hemorrhage may be an indication of the occurrence of APOs in obstetric patients with APS. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Treatment of refractory lupus nephritis using leflunomide: A prospective study
ConclusionIn patients diagnosed with refractory LN, our study shows that leflunomide could be a promising treatment option owing to its response rate and safety profile. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Advances in the potential roles of Cullin-RING ligases in regulating autoimmune diseases
Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) are the largest class of E3 ubiquitin ligases regulating the stability and subsequent activity of a large number of important proteins responsible for the development and progression of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases (AIDs). However, the detailed mechanisms of the pathogenesis of AIDs are complicated and involve multiple signaling pathways. An in-depth understanding of the underlying regulatory mechanisms of the initiation and progression of AIDs will aid in the development of effective therapeutic strategies. CRLs play critical roles in regulating AIDs, partially by affecting th...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Advances in the development of antivirals for rotavirus infection
We present the latest advances in the field of rotavirus antivirals and highlights the potential use of Chinese medicine and natural compounds as therapeutic agents. This review provides an important reference for rotavirus prevention and treatment. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Case report: Sandwich therapy of CAR-T combined with ASCT: Sequential CAR-T cell therapy with ASCT after remission with CAR-T therapy caused long-term survival in a patient with relapsed/refractory Burkitt ’s lymphoma with TP53 mutations
Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) with TP53 mutation often has poor outcome after standard chemoimmunotherapy. Adoptive chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy may be a new paradigm for treating refractory/relapsed (r/r) BL, but its therapeutic effects remain inconclusive. Here, we report a patient with r/r BL who failed to achieve complete remission (CR) and progressed rapidly after multiple protocol chemotherapy. The patient achieved CR with CAR19 and CAR22 T-cell cocktail therapy and obtained long-term disease-free survival after autologous hematopoietic stem cells (ASCT) and subsequential CAR19 and CAR22 T-cell cocktail...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the retroperitoneal giant type treated with Toripalimab: A case report
Epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas (EHEs), low-grade malignant tumors of vascular endothelial cell origin, are characterized by vascular endothelial proliferation. In 2002, the World Health Organization classified EHEs as locally aggressive tumors with the potential to metastasize. Currently, the diagnosis of EHE is based on pathology, histological and immunohistochemical examinations. There are no standard treatment guidelines. We here report a 69-year-old man who presented with left-sided chest and abdominal pain for more than 2 months. Enhanced computed tomography of the thorax and abdomen in another hospital suggested a...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Complement as a vital nexus of the pathobiological connectome for acute respiratory distress syndrome: An emerging therapeutic target
The hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathobiology is unchecked inflammation-driven diffuse alveolar damage and alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction. Currently, therapeutic interventions for ARDS remain largely limited to pulmonary-supportive strategies, and there is an unmet demand for pharmacologic therapies targeting the underlying pathology of ARDS in patients suffering from the illness. The complement cascade (ComC) plays an integral role in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. ComC activation can prime an overzealous cytokine storm and tissue/organ damage. The ARDS and a...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Control of myeloid cell functions by nociceptors
The immune system has evolved to protect the host from infectious agents, parasites, and tumor growth, and to ensure the maintenance of homeostasis. Similarly, the primary function of the somatosensory branch of the peripheral nervous system is to collect and interpret sensory information about the environment, allowing the organism to react to or avoid situations that could otherwise have deleterious effects. Consequently, a teleological argument can be made that it is of advantage for the two systems to cooperate and form an “integrated defense system” that benefits from the unique strengths of both subsystems. Indee...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Prognostic value of COL10A1 and its correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in urothelial bladder cancer: A comprehensive study based on bioinformatics and clinical analysis validation
ConclusionsIn conclusion, our study demonstrates that COL10A1 is an underlying prognostic and predictive biomarker in BLCA. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
