Integrative single-cell analysis of LUAD: elucidating immune cell dynamics and prognostic modeling based on exhausted CD8+ T cells
ConclusionThe creation of a LUAD single-cell atlas in our study offered new insights into its tumor microenvironment and immune cell interactions, highlighting the importance of key genes associated with exhausted CD8+ T cells. These discoveries have enabled the development of an effective prognostic model for LUAD and identified GALNT2 as a potential therapeutic target, significantly contributing to the improvement of LUAD diagnosis and treatment strategies. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Single-cell sequencing analysis and multiple machine-learning models revealed the cellular crosstalk of dendritic cells and identified FABP5 and KLRB1 as novel biomarkers for psoriasis
ConclusionOur study analyzed the impact of DC-T cell crosstalk in psoriasis, elucidated the characterization of two biomarkers, FABP5 and KLRB1, in psoriasis, and highlighted the promise and value of tofacitinib in psoriasis therapy targeting DCs. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Emerging research themes in maternal hypothyroidism: a bibliometric exploration
ConclusionsThis study unveils developmental trends, global collaboration patterns, foundational knowledge, and emerging frontiers in Maternal Hypothyroidism. Over 30 years, research has predominantly focused on aspects like diagnosis, treatment guidelines, thyroid function during pregnancy, and postpartum outcomes, with a central emphasis on the correlation between maternal and fetal health. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Targeting PRAME for acute myeloid leukemia therapy
Despite significant progress in targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), clinical outcomes are disappointing for elderly patients, patients with less fit disease characteristics, and patients with adverse disease risk characteristics. Over the past 10 years, adaptive T-cell immunotherapy has been recognized as a strategy for treating various malignant tumors. However, it has faced significant challenges in AML, primarily because myeloid blasts do not contain unique surface antigens. The preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer-testis antigen, is abnormally expressed in AML and does not exist...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Biology of neurofibrosis with focus on multiple sclerosis
Tissue damage elicits a wound healing response of inflammation and remodeling aimed at restoring homeostasis. Dysregulation of wound healing leads to accumulation of effector cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, collectively termed fibrosis, which impairs organ functions. Fibrosis of the central nervous system, neurofibrosis, is a major contributor to the lack of neural regeneration and it involves fibroblasts, microglia/macrophages and astrocytes, and their deposited ECM. Neurofibrosis occurs commonly across neurological conditions. This review describes processes of wound healing and fibrosis in tissues in ge...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Human surfactant protein A inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and alleviates lung injury in a mouse infection model
This study examined the mechanistic role of human SP-A in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and lung injury in vitro and in vivo.ResultsHuman SP-A can bind both SARS-CoV-2 S protein and hACE2 in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01). Pre-incubation of SARS-CoV-2 (Delta) with human SP-A inhibited virus binding and entry and reduced viral load in human lung epithelial cells, evidenced by the dose-dependent decrease in viral RNA, nucleocapsid protein (NP), and titer (p<0.01). We observed significant weight loss, increased viral burden, and mortality rate, and more severe lung injury in SARS-CoV-2 infected hACE2/SP-A KO mice (SP-A defic...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Induction of islet autoimmunity to defective ribosomal product of the insulin gene as neoantigen after anti-cancer immunotherapy leading to autoimmune diabetes
DiscussionThese results bridge cancer and T1D as two sides of the same coin and point to neoantigen expression in normal islets and insulinoma that may serve as target of both islet autoimmunity and tumor-related autoimmunity. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Investigating peripheral blood monocyte and T-cell subsets as non-invasive biomarkers for asymptomatic hepatic steatosis: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
ConclusionsHigher circulating memory CD4+ T cells may reflect liver fat severity. CD8+CD57+ cells were associated with liver fat presence and severity, but replication of findings is required. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Computational identification and experimental verification of a novel signature based on SARS-CoV-2 –related genes for predicting prognosis, immune microenvironment and therapeutic strategies in lung adenocarcinoma patients
ConclusionOur research has pioneered the development of a consensus Cov-2S signature by employing an innovative approach with 10 machine learning algorithms for LUAD. Cov-2S reliably forecasts the prognosis, mirrors the tumor’s local immune condition, and supports clinical decision-making in tumor therapies. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Deconvolution of synovial myeloid cell subsets across pathotypes and role of COL3A1+ macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis remission
ConclusionThis study reported unexplored associations between different pathologies and myeloid cell subtypes. We also identified a fibroblast-and-M2-like cluster named COL3A1+ Mp, which potentially contributes to synovial immune homeostasis. Targeting the development of COL3A1+ Mp may hold promise for inducing RA remission. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Unraveling IFN-I response dynamics and TNF crosstalk in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus
DiscussionWe provide a solid droplet-based microfluidic platform to study inherent immune secretory behaviors, substantiated by ODE modeling, which can challenge the conceptualization within and between different immune signaling systems. These insights will build towards an improved fundamental understanding on single-cell decision-making in health and disease. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

External quality assurance program for diagnostic complement laboratories: evaluation of the results of the past seven years
ConclusionWith these accumulated data from the past seven years, it is now possible to assess sample-, method-, and evaluation related aspects to further improve proficiency testing and protocolize diagnostic complement determinations. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

L-fucose and fucoidan alleviate high-salt diet-promoted acute inflammation
In this study, we observed that HSD consumption reduced the abundance of the gut microbial metabolite L-fucose, leading to a more substantial inflammatory response in mice. A HSD led to increased peritonitis incidence in mice, as evidenced by the increased accumulation of inflammatory cells and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1, also known as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 or CCL2), in peritoneal lavage fluid. Following the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, HSD-induced inflammation was abolished,...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Dysfunctional mitochondria, disrupted levels of reactive oxygen species, and autophagy in B cells from common variable immunodeficiency patients
ConclusionThe failure in ROS cell signalling could impair CVID naïve B cell activation and differentiation to memory B cells. Decreased levels of ROS in CVID memory CD19+CD27+ B cells, which negatively correlate with their in vitro cell death and autophagy, could be detrimental and lead to their previously demonstrated premature death. The final consequence would be the failure to generate a functional B cell compartment in CVID patients. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the school community in Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, October 2021 –November 2022
DiscussionThe results made it possible to evaluate the extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the school community through immunity developed against the virus, in addition to providing information about COVID-19 symptoms in children, adolescents, and adults. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 26, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research