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Specialty: Urology & Nephrology

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Total 430 results found since Jan 2013.

Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Inhibition Attenuates Renal Fibrosis by Maintaining Smad7 and Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Expression
In this study, we found high expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in cultured renal fibroblasts and fibrotic kidneys from mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction and humans with CKD. Pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2 with 3-deazaneplanocin A (3-DZNeP) or GSK126 or siRNA-mediated silencing of EZH2 inhibited serum- and TGFβ1-induced activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts in vitro, and 3-DZNeP administration abrogated deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and expression of α-smooth muscle actin in the obstructed kidney. Injury to the kidney enhanced Smad7 degradation, Smad3 phosphorylation, and TGFβ re...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - June 29, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zhou, X., Zang, X., Ponnusamy, M., Masucci, M. V., Tolbert, E., Gong, R., Zhao, T. C., Liu, N., Bayliss, G., Dworkin, L. D., Zhuang, S. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

Cln three-requiring 9 is a negative regulator of Th17 pathway-driven inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis.
Abstract T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes promote renal inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates activation of Th17 lymphocytes by interleukin 6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). Cln three requiring 9 (Ctr9), a subunit of RNA polymerase-associated factor complex (PAFc), regulates the transcription of IL-6/STAT3-dependent genes. Here, we investigated the role of Ctr9 in regulating Th17-driven inflammation in anti-GBM GN. In mice, STAT3β or IL-17 knockout ameliorated anti-GBM autoantibo...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - June 14, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lee H, Lee JW, Yoo KD, Yoo JY, Lee JP, Kim DK, Chin HJ, Kim YS, Yang SH Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Activation of ENaC in collecting duct cells by prorenin and its receptor PRR: involvement of Nox4-derived hydrogen peroxide
The collecting duct (CD) has been recognized as an important source of prorenin/renin, and it also expresses (pro)renin receptor (PRR). The goal of this study was to examine the hypothesis that prorenin or renin via PRR regulates epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) activity in mpkCCD cells. Transepithelial Na+ transport was measured by using a conventional epithelial volt-ohmmeter and was expressed as the calculated equivalent current (Ieq). Amiloride-inhibitable Ieq was used as a reflection of ENaC activity. Administration of prorenin in the nanomolar range induced a significant increase in Ieq that was detectable as early as 1...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lu, X., Wang, F., Liu, M., Yang, K. T., Nau, A., Kohan, D. E., Reese, V., Richardson, R. S., Yang, T. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Cathepsin S Cleavage of Protease-Activated Receptor-2 on Endothelial Cells Promotes Microvascular Diabetes Complications
Endothelial dysfunction is a central pathomechanism in diabetes-associated complications. We hypothesized a pathogenic role in this dysfunction of cathepsin S (Cat-S), a cysteine protease that degrades elastic fibers and activates the protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) on endothelial cells. We found that injection of mice with recombinant Cat-S induced albuminuria and glomerular endothelial cell injury in a PAR2-dependent manner. In vivo microscopy confirmed a role for intrinsic Cat-S/PAR2 in ischemia–induced microvascular permeability. In vitro transcriptome analysis and experiments using siRNA or specific Cat-S a...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - May 30, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kumar VR, S., Darisipudi, M. N., Steiger, S., Devarapu, S. K., Tato, M., Kukarni, O. P., Mulay, S. R., Thomasova, D., Popper, B., Demleitner, J., Zuchtriegel, G., Reichel, C., Cohen, C. D., Lindenmeyer, M. T., Liapis, H., Moll, S., Reid, E., Stitt, A. W., Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

Interaction of the EGF Receptor and the Hippo Pathway in the Diabetic Kidney
Activation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) or the Hippo signaling pathway can control cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation, and the dysregulation of these pathways can contribute to tumorigenesis. Previous studies showed that activation of EGFR signaling in renal epithelial cells can exacerbate diabetic kidney injury. Moreover, EGFR has been implicated in regulating the Hippo signaling pathway in Drosophila; thus, we examined this potential interaction in mammalian diabetic kidney disease. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a transcriptional regulator regulated by the Hippo signaling pathway. We found YAP protein exp...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - May 30, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chen, J., Harris, R. C. Tags: Basic Research Source Type: research

PlncRNA-1 induces apoptosis through the Her-2 pathway in prostate cancer cells.
In conclusion, in prostate cancer, PlncRNA-1 regulates the cell cycle and cyclinD1 levels and can also regulate proliferation and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells through the Her-2 pathway. PMID: 27232851 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Asian Journal of Andrology - May 26, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Yang Q, Cui ZL, Wang Q, Jin XB, Zhao Y, Wang MW, Song W, Qu HW, Kang WT Tags: Asian J Androl Source Type: research

The Role of Nedd4-1 WW Domains in Binding and Regulating Human Organic anion Transporter 1.
In conclusion, this is the first demonstration that Nedd4-1 regulates hOAT1 ubiquitination, expression, and transport activity through its WW2 and WW3 domains. PMID: 27226107 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - May 24, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Xu D, Wang H, Gardner CR, Pan Z, Zhang PL, Zhang J, You G Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Nedd4-2 but not Nedd4-1 is critical for protein kinase C-regulated ubiquitination, expression, and transport activity of human organic anion transporter 1
In conclusion, this is the first demonstration that both Nedd4-1 and Nedd4-2 are important regulators for hOAT1 ubiquitination, expression, and function. Yet they play distinct roles, as Nedd4-2 but not Nedd4-1 is a critical mediator for PKC-regulated hOAT1 ubiquitination, expression, and transport activity.
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - April 30, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Xu, D., Wang, H., Zhang, Q., You, G. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Regulation of IgA Class Switch Recombination in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: Retinoic Acid Signaling and BATF.
CONCLUSION: These data point toward the role of RA signaling together with BATF in IgA CSR of IgAN, and the data also support the notion that mucosal immunization with neoantigen results in impaired mucosal and systemic IgA responses. PMID: 27073891 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - April 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: He L, Peng X, Chen Y, Liu G, Liu Z, Zhu J, Liu Y, Liu H, Liang Y, Liu F, Sun L, Peng Y Tags: Am J Nephrol Source Type: research

Nanomedicine: Nanocarbon-mediated siRNA delivery to the kidney
Nature Reviews Nephrology 12, 314 (2016). doi:10.1038/nrneph.2016.52 Author: Jessica K. Edwards The development of effective therapeutics based on RNA interference (RNAi) to prevent or treat acute kidney injury (AKI) has been hindered due to confounds such as poor tissue-specific delivery and off-target effects. Now, Michael McDevitt and colleagues report the development of a fibrillar carbon nanomaterial
Source: Nature Reviews Nephrology - April 11, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jessica K. Edwards Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Inhibition of LDHA Deliver Potential Anticancer Performance in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the view that LDHA, as an oncogene, might be a potential therapeutic target in RCC.Urol Int
Source: Urologia Internationalis - March 30, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Leydig cells contribute to the inhibition of spermatogonial differentiation after irradiation of the rat
Summary Irradiation with 6 Gy produces a complete block of spermatogonial differentiation in LBNF1 rats that would be permanent without treatment. Subsequent suppression of gonadotropins and testosterone (T) restores differentiation to the spermatocyte stage; however, this process requires 6 weeks. We evaluated the role of Leydig cells (LCs) in maintenance of the block in spermatogonial differentiation after exposure to radiation by specifically eliminating functional LCs with ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS). EDS (but not another alkylating agent), given at 10 weeks after irradiation, induced spermatogonial differentia...
Source: Andrology - March 1, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: G. Shetty, W. Zhou, C. C. Y. Weng, S. H. Shao, M. L. Meistrich Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

NLRP3 Deletion Protects against Renal Fibrosis and Attenuates Mitochondrial Abnormality in Mouse with 5/6 Nephrectomy.
Abstract Progressive fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the well-recognized cause leading to the progressive loss of renal function. Emerging evidence indicated a pathogenic role of NLRP3 inflammasome in mediating kidney injury. However, the role of NLRP3 in remnant kidney disease model is still undefined. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the function of NLRP3 in modulating renal fibrosis in a CKD model of 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) and the potential involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis. Employing NLRP3+/+ and NLRP3-/- mice with or without 5/6 Nx, we examined renal fibroti...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 17, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gong W, Mao S, Yu J, Song J, Jia Z, Huang S, Zhang A Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

PLK-1 Silencing in Bladder Cancer by siRNA Delivered with Exosomes
To use exosomes as a vector to deliver siRNA to silence the polo-like kinase 1 gene (PLK-1) in bladder cancer cells.
Source: Urology - February 11, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kristin A Greco, Carrie A. Franzen, Kimberly E. Foreman, Robert C. Flanigan, Paul C. Kuo, Gopal N. Gupta Tags: Basic and Translational Science Source Type: research

Inhibiting malignant phenotypes of the bladder cancer cells by silencing long noncoding RNA SChLAP1
Conclusions Our data suggest that SChLAP1 plays oncogenic roles and can be used as a therapeutic target for treating human bladder cancer.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - February 9, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research