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Specialty: Urology & Nephrology

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Total 430 results found since Jan 2013.

Mucin-1 Increases Renal TRPV5 Activity In Vitro, and Urinary Level Associates with Calcium Nephrolithiasis in Patients
Hypercalciuria is a major risk factor for nephrolithiasis. We previously reported that Uromodulin (UMOD) protects against nephrolithiasis by upregulating the renal calcium channel TRPV5. This channel is crucial for calcium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Recently, mutations in the gene encoding Mucin-1 (MUC1) were found to cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease, the same disease caused by UMOD mutations. Because of the similarities between UMOD and MUC1 regarding associated disease phenotype, protein structure, and function as a cellular barrier, we examined whether urinary MUC1 also...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - October 30, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nie, M., Bal, M. S., Yang, Z., Liu, J., Rivera, C., Wenzel, A., Beck, B. B., Sakhaee, K., Marciano, D. K., Wolf, M. T. F. Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

Silencing HIF-1 α aggravates growth inhibition and necrosis of proximal renal tubular epithelial cell under hypoxia.
In conclusion, silencing HIF-1α gene could aggravate growth inhibition and necrosis of PTEC under hypoxia. We provide evidence, from the opposite direction, that HIF-1 activation under hypoxia may facilitate adaptation and survival of proximal renal tubular cells, and the beneficial effects may be related to its downstream genes, such as Glut-1 and VEGF. PMID: 27756181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Renal Failure - October 21, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Ren Fail Source Type: research

ILK and Cytoskeletal Architecture: An Important Determinant of AQP2 Recycling and Subsequent Entry into the Exocytotic Pathway.
Abstract Within the past decade tremendous efforts have been made to understand the mechanism behind aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channel trafficking and recycling, in order to open a path towards effective diabetes insipidus therapeutics. A recent study has shown that Integrin-Linked Kinase (ILK) conditional-knockdown mice developed polyuria along with decreased expression of AQP2. To understand whether ILK also regulates AQP2 trafficking in kidney tubular cells, we performed in vitro analysis using LLCPK1 cells stably expressing rat AQP2 (LLC-AQP2 cells). Upon treatment of LLC-AQP2 cells with ILK inhibitor cpd22 and...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - October 18, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Mamuya FA, Cano-Peñalver JL, Li WU, Rodriguez-Puyol D, Rodríguez-Puyol M, Brown D, de Frutos S, Lu HJ Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Depletion of vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 is associated with increased lysosomal degradation of aquaporin-2.
Abstract Carboxyl-terminus of AQP2 (AQP2c) undergoes post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination, for the regulation of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) translocation and protein abundance. We aimed to identify novel proteins interacting with AQP2c. Recombinant AQP2c protein was made in E. coli BL21 (DE3) by exploiting the pET32 TrxA fusion system. Lysates of rat kidney inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) tubule suspensions interacted with rat AQP2c bound to Ni(2+)-resin were subjected to LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis. Potential interacting proteins were identified, including vacuolar protein...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - October 11, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lee MS, Choi HJ, Park EJ, Park HJ, Kwon TH Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Prostate Cancer Cells in Different Androgen Receptor Status Employ Different Leucine Transporters
CONCLUSIONSNew CRPC cell line with increased expression of y+LAT2 as a leucine transporter was established in vitro. Anti‐leucine transporter therapy could be an important option against prostate cancer. Prostate © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: The Prostate - October 3, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hideo Otsuki, Toru Kimura, Takashi Yamaga, Takeo Kosaka, Jun ‐ichi Suehiro, Hiroyuki Sakurai Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

NF- κB-dependent increase in tissue factor expression is responsible for hypoxic podocyte injury
ConclusionHypoxia increased the expression of TF in human podocytes NF- κB dependently. TF may have a critical role in the hypoxic podocyte injury.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - September 30, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Role and Association of Inflammatory and Apoptotic Caspases in Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis
Conclusions:Our study associated inflammatory and apoptotic caspases in TIF for the first time and we further confirmed that caspase-1 activation is an upstream event of apoptotic caspase-7 induction in TIF triggered by UUO and in TECs mediated by TGF- β1 induced transdifferentiation.Kidney Blood Press Res 2016;41:643-653
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - September 19, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Interferon (IFN)-Induced Protein 35 (IFI35), a Type I Interferon-Dependent Transcript, Upregulates Inflammatory Signaling Pathways by Activating Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Human Mesangial Cells
Conclusion:Regional expression of IFI35 and its dysregulation may be involved in the pathogenesis of glomerular inflammation in CKD.Kidney Blood Press Res 2016;41:635-642
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - September 16, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

TGF ‐β Effects on Prostate Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion Require FosB
CONCLUSIONOur data suggest that FosB is required for migration and invasion in prostate cancer cells. We also conclude that TGF‐β1 effect on prostate cancer cell migration and invasion may be mediated through the induction of FosB. Prostate © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: The Prostate - September 8, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Cach étne S.X. Barrett, Ana C. Millena, Shafiq A. Khan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Cln 3-requiring 9 is a negative regulator of Th17 pathway-driven inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis
T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes promote renal inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates activation of Th17 lymphocytes by IL-6 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Cln 3-requiring 9 (Ctr9), a subunit of RNA polymerase-associated factor complex (PAFc), regulates the transcription of IL-6/STAT3-dependent genes. Here, we investigated the role of Ctr9 in regulating Th17-driven inflammation in anti-GBM GN. In mice, STAT3β or IL-17 knockout ameliorated anti-GBM autoantibody-induced renal injury. Th...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - August 31, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lee, H., Lee, J. W., Yoo, K. D., Yoo, J.-Y., Lee, J. P., Kim, D. K., Chin, H. J., Kim, Y. S., Yang, S. H. Tags: CALL FOR PAPERS Source Type: research

Elevated PTH induces endothelial to chondrogenic transition in aortic endothelial cells.
Abstract Previous studies have shown that increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) due to secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease accelerates the arteriosclerotic fibrosis and calcification. Although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, endothelial cells (ECs) have recently been demonstrated to participate in calcification in part by providing chondrogenic cells via the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether elevated PTH could induce endothelial to chondrogenic transition in aortic ECs and to determine the possible underlying signal...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - August 30, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Wu M, Zhang JD, Tang RN, Crowley SD, Liu H, Lv LL, Ma KL, Liu BC Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Upregulation of nuclear factor ‐κB activity mediates CYP24 expression and reactive oxygen species production in indoxyl sulfate‐induced chronic kidney disease
ConclusionsThese results provide evidence that administration of IS in human renal tubular epithelial cells upregulates NF‐κB, which leads to increase CYP24 expression and ROS production. They also suggest that suppressing NF‐κB signalling is promising for the development into a strategy for CKD treatment.
Source: Nephrology - August 21, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lihua Wang, Zhiying Gao, Lili Wang, Yongning Gao Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

WNK3 Kinase Enhances the Sodium Chloride Cotransporter Expression via an ERK 1/2 Signaling Pathway
Conclusion: These results suggest that WNK3 enhances NCC protein expression by increasing NCC synthesis via an ERK 1/2-dependent signaling pathway. Nephron
Source: Nephron - July 28, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Delayed treatment with fenofibrate protects against high-fat diet-induced kidney injury in mice: the possible role of AMPK-autophagy.
Abstract Fenofibrate activates not only peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) but also adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK-mediated cellular responses protect kidney from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced injury, and autophagy resulting from AMPK activation has been regarded as a stress-response mechanism. Thus, the present study examined the role of AMPK and autophagy in the renotherapeutic effects of fenofibrate. C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups: normal diet (ND), HFD, and HFD+fenofibrate (HFD+FF). Fenofibrate was administered 4 weeks after the initiation of the HFD w...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - July 26, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Sohn M, Kim K, Uddin MJ, Lee G, Hwang I, Kang H, Kim H, Lee JH, Ha H Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Metformin elicits antitumor effects and downregulates the histone methyltransferase multiple myeloma SET domain (MMSET) in prostate cancer cells
CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest MMSET may play a role in the inhibitory effect of metformin on PCa and could serve as a potential novel therapeutic target for PCa. Prostate © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: The Prostate - July 11, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nicole M. A. White‐Al Habeeb, Julia Garcia, Neil Fleshner, Bharati Bapat Tags: Original Article Source Type: research