The effect of very-low-calorie diet on mitochondrial dysfunction in subcutaneous adipose tissue and peripheral monocytes of obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a potentially important player in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the changes of mRNA expression of genes encoding main enzymatic complexes of mitochondrial respiratory chain in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and peripheral monocytes (PM) of 11 subjects with simple obesity (OB), 16 obese patients with T2DM and 17 healthy lean subjects (C) before and after very low-calorie diet (VLCD) using quantitative real time PCR. At baseline in SCAT, both T2DM and OB group had decreased mRNA expression of all investigat...
Source: Physiological Research - July 18, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Urbanová M, Mráz M, Ďurovcová V, Trachta P, Kloučková J, Kaválková P, Haluzíková D, Lacinová Z, Hansíková H, Wenchich L, Kršek M, Haluzík M Tags: Physiol Res Source Type: research
Common Herbal Dietary Supplement-Drug Interactions.
Abstract
Nearly 25% of U.S. adults report concurrently taking a prescription medication with a dietary supplement. Some supplements, such as St. John's wort and goldenseal, are known to cause clinically important drug interactions and should be avoided by most patients receiving any pharmacologic therapy. However, many other supplements are predicted to cause interactions based only on in vitro studies that have not been confirmed or have been refuted in human clinical trials. Some supplements may cause interactions with a few medications but are likely to be safe with other medications (e.g., curcumin, ec...
Source: American Family Physician - July 15, 2017 Category: Primary Care Authors: Asher GN, Corbett AH, Hawke RL Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research
Driving under the influence of drugs: Perceptions and attitudes of New Zealand drivers
This study explored the patterns of drug driving in New Zealand by investigating 1) drivers’ perceptions about impairment caused by legal and illegal drugs 2) countermeasures employed by drivers when under the influence of drugs (e.g., decisions not to drive) 3) drivers’ attitudes about police enforcement of drug driving and 4) the factors that predict the likelihood of engaging in drug driving. Participants (n =434) were licensed drivers who completed an online questionnaire. Results of the questionnaire indicated that drivers rated hallucinogens and opiates as being the illegal drugs producing the highest level of dr...
Source: Accident Analysis and Prevention - May 29, 2017 Category: Accident Prevention Source Type: research
Driving under the influence of drugs: Perceptions and attitudes of New Zealand drivers.
This study explored the patterns of drug driving in New Zealand by investigating 1) drivers' perceptions about impairment caused by legal and illegal drugs 2) countermeasures employed by drivers when under the influence of drugs (e.g., decisions not to drive) 3) drivers' attitudes about police enforcement of drug driving and 4) the factors that predict the likelihood of engaging in drug driving. Participants (n=434) were licensed drivers who completed an online questionnaire. Results of the questionnaire indicated that drivers rated hallucinogens and opiates as being the illegal drugs producing the highest level of driving...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - May 26, 2017 Category: Accident Prevention Authors: Malhotra N, Starkey NJ, Charlton SG Tags: Accid Anal Prev Source Type: research
Chalcone flavokawain B induces autophagic-cell death via reactive oxygen species-mediated signaling pathways in human gastric carcinoma and suppresses tumor growth in nude mice.
We examined the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity and autophagy involvement of FKB and determined the underlying molecular mechanisms. FKB is potently cytotoxic to human gastric cancer cells (AGS/NCI-N87/KATO-III/TSGH9201) and mildly toxic towards normal (Hs738) cells and primary mouse hepatocytes. FKB-induced AGS cell death was characterized by autophagy, not apoptosis, as evidenced by increased LC3-II accumulation, GFP-LC3 puncta and acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) formation, without resulting procaspase-3/PARP cleavage. FKB further caused p62/SQSTM1 activation, mTOR downregulation, ATG4B inhibition, and Beclin...
Source: Archives of Toxicology - April 3, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Chang CT, Hseu YC, Thiyagarajan V, Lin KY, Way TD, Korivi M, Liao JW, Yang HL Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research
Randomized, dose ‐controlled double‐blind trial: Efficacy of an ethanolic kava (Piper methysticum rhizome) extract for the treatment of anxiety in elderly patients
ConclusionKava preparations have a dose‐dependent anxiolytic effect. (Source: Traditional and Kampo Medicine)
Source: Traditional and Kampo Medicine - April 1, 2017 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Kenny Kuchta, Pietro Nicola, Mathias Schmidt Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 22, Pages 462: Induction of G2M Arrest by Flavokawain A, a Kava Chalcone, Increases the Responsiveness of HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells to Herceptin
HER2/neu positive breast tumors predict a high mortality and comprise 25% –30% of breast cancer. We have shown that Flavokawain A (FKA) preferentially reduces the viabilities of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell lines (i.e., SKBR3 and MCF7/HER2) versus those with less HER2 expression (i.e., MCF7 and MDA-MB-468). FKA at cytotoxic concentrations to breast cancer cell lines also has a minimal effect on the growth of non-malignant breast epithelial MCF10A cells. FKA induces G2M arrest in cell cycle progression of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell lines through inhibition of Cdc2 and Cdc25C phosphorylation and downr...
Source: Molecules - March 13, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Danielle Jandial Lauren Krill Lixia Chen Chunli Wu Yu Ke Jun Xie Bang Hoang Xiaolin Zi Tags: Article Source Type: research
Colorimetric assessment of kava (Piper methysticum Forst.) quality
Publication date: June 2017 Source:Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Volume 59 Author(s): Tiphaine Lhuissier, Pierre-Edouard Mercier, Serge Michalet, Vincent Lebot, Laurent Legendre The present study aimed at evaluating the potential of diethyl ether extracts UV/visible (UV/vis) absorbance for assessing the suitability of commercial lots of kava (Piper methysticum). The UV/vis absorption spectra of diethyl ether root extracts of 15 cultivars clustered them into three groups in parallel to their known genetic relatedness and their chemical composition determined by GC–MS and LC–MS analyses. Absorption pea...
Source: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis - February 28, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Colorimetric assessment of kava (Piper methysticum Forst) quality
Publication date: Available online 10 February 2017 Source:Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Author(s): Tiphaine Lhuissier, Pierre-Edouard Mercier, Serge Michalet, Vincent Lebot, Laurent Legendre The present study aimed at evaluating the potential of diethyl ether extracts UV/Visible (UV/VIS) absorbance for assessing the suitability of commercial lots of kava (Piper methysticum). The UV/VIS absorption spectra of diethyl ether root extracts of 15 cultivars clustered them into three groups in parallel to their known genetic relatedness and their chemical composition determined by GC-MS and LC-MS analyses. Absor...
Source: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis - February 10, 2017 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships of cytotoxic flavokawain derivatives.
Abstract
22 Flavokawain derivatives (FKd) were obtained by one step syntheses in order to conduct a SAR study to understand the structural requirements for optimum and selective cytotoxicity. FKd and natural flavokawains A and B found into kava, a South Pacific traditional beverage, were evaluated against nine cancer and one healthy cell lines. The targeted cell cycle phases as well as the effects on the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle protein levels were investigated. Therapeutic improvements (more activity and selectivity) were achieved with FKd compared to natural flavokawains and notably with the...
Source: Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry - February 5, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Thieury C, Lebouvier N, Le Guével R, Barguil Y, Herbette G, Antheaume C, Hnawia E, Asakawa Y, Nour M, Guillaudeux T Tags: Bioorg Med Chem Source Type: research
Eyelash Epilation in the Absence of Trichiasis: Results of a Population-Based Prevalence Survey in the Western Division of Fiji
ConclusionEpilation occurs in this population in the absence of trichiasis, with sufficient frequency to have markedly inflated previous estimates of local TT prevalence. Individuals with epilated eyelashes should be confirmed as having epilated in-turned eyelashes in an eye with scarring of the conjunctiva before being counted as cases of TT. (Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases)
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - January 22, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Colin Macleod Source Type: research
Quantitative Determination of Lactones in Piper methysticum (Kava-Kava) by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
Planta Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-100632A fast and validated supercritical fluid chromatography method for the quantitative determination of major lactones in Piper methysticum, a plant used against nervous anxiety, stress, and restlessness, was developed. The baseline separation of dihydrokavain, demethoxyyangonin, kavain, yangonin, dihydromethysticin, and methysticin was possible in less than 4 min on an Aquity UPC2 BEH 1.7 µm column, in combination with a mobile phase comprising CO2 and methanol with diethylamine. The column temperature had a great impact on the results because only at 70 °C could kavain and yangon...
Source: Planta Medica - January 16, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Murauer, Adele Ganzera, Markus Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
What is a difficult transfer? Analysis of 7,714 embryo transfers: the impact of maneuvers during embryo transfers on pregnancy rate and a proposal of objective assessment
To establish the relationship between the degree of difficulty of ET and pregnancy rate (PR), with a view to proposing an algorithm for the objective assessment of ET. (Source: Fertility and Sterility)
Source: Fertility and Sterility - January 13, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Alejandro Kava-Braverman, Francisca Mart ínez, Ignacio Rodríguez, Manuel Álvarez, Pedro N. Barri, Buenaventura Coroleu Tags: Original article Source Type: research
Genitourinary sarcoidosis: An essential review for the practicing clinician
Conclusions: It is critical for the practicing clinician to have a working knowledge of the clinical manifestations of this disease as it involves the GU tract, as well as to be able to distinguish it from tuberculosis and the various malignancies that affect this organ system. (Source: Indian Journal of Urology)
Source: Indian Journal of Urology - January 1, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Norman L Block Bruce R Kava Source Type: research
Composition of endophytic fungal community associated with leaves of maize cultivated in south Brazilian field.
The objective of this study was to conduct a survey about fungi associated with leaves from two different maize plant lineages and to analyze their microbiota diversity. Isolated fungi were identified by morphological analysis and molecular taxonomy was performed using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA. About 27 fungi morphotypes were obtained, 15 of them were from the first maize lineage. About 86.7% of the individuals belonged to the Dothideomycetes class (Phoma sorghina, Epicocum nigrum, Cladosporium sp., Bipolaris zeicola, and Alternaria alternata complex) and 13.3% to the Sordariomycetes class (Diaporthe/Phomopsis sp. and Nigrospor...
Source: Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica - December 11, 2016 Category: Microbiology Authors: Szilagyi-Zecchin VJ, Adamoski D, Gomes RR, Hungria M, Ikeda AC, Kava-Cordeiro V, Glienke C, Galli-Terasawa LV Tags: Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung Source Type: research
