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Insulin-like growth factor axis in pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus.
Abstract The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is involved in the regulation of growth and metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine selected parameters of IGF system at systemic and local levels [subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)] to assess its possible role in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). 37 pregnant women (21 with GDM and 16 without GDM) and 15 age-matched non-pregnant females were included in the study. Blood samples were taken in 28-32 and 36-38 weeks of gestation and 6-12 months after delivery. SAT and VAT samples were obtained during delivery or surgery. Compared w...
Source: Physiological Research - August 18, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Anderlová K, Cinkajzlová A, Šimják P, Kloučková J, Kratochvílová H, Lacinová Z, Kaválková P, Krejčí H, Mráz M, Pařízek A, Haluzík M, Kršek M Tags: Physiol Res Source Type: research

A New Kavalactone Dimer from Piper methysticum
A new kavalactone dimer, named kavalactone A (1), and three known compounds, desmethoxyyangonin (2), yangonin (3), and 11-methoxyyangonin (4), were isolated from the leaves of Piper methysticum (kava). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrpscopic data. Primary bioassays showed that compound3 had very strong cytotoxicity against A549 and NCI-H460 Cells with IC50 values of 13.6 and 13.7 μg/mL, respectively, compound2 had moderate cytotoxicity against A549 and NCI-H460 cells (with IC50 values of 35.8 and 37.6 μg/mL, respectively), and compounds1 and4 had very weak cy...
Source: Chemistry of Natural Compounds - July 30, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Rapid Detection and Validated Quantification of Psychoactive Compounds in Complex Plant Matrices by Direct Analysis in Real Time-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry - Application to "Kava" Psychoactive Pepper Products.
CONCLUSIONS: Rapid identification and quantification of psychoactive small molecules in plant material can be accomplished using a validated DART-HRMS protocol. This work illustrates an approach to qualitative and quantitative analyses of a wide variety of complex matrices derived from plants, and demonstrates that the commercially available products analyzed are P. methysticum derived and do contain psychoactive yangonin at quantifiable levels. PMID: 31323704 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM)
Source: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM - July 18, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chambers MI, Osborne AM, Musah RA Tags: Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom Source Type: research

Cases of Kava Impairment in Iowa Drivers.
This article demonstrates kava impairment through four cases of self-reported kava use supported with Drug Recognition Expert (DRE) evaluations of each subject. Subject's urines screened negative for common drugs of abuse by immunoassay analysis. Urine from cases 3 and 4 were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, which yielded the presence of kavalactones. Subjects exhibited poor driving behavior and signs of intoxication. Indicators of impairment from multiple drug categories, central nervous system (CNS) depressants, CNS stimulants, and cannabis were observe...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - July 14, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Berry J, Gilbert A, Grodnitzky J Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research

Yangonin protects against estrogen-induced cholestasis in a farnesoid X receptor-dependent manner.
In conclusion, yangonin alleviates estrogen-induced cholestasis, due to FXR-mediated gene regulation. PMID: 31220436 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - June 16, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Dong R, Wang J, Gao X, Wang C, Liu K, Wu J, Liu Z, Sun H, Ma X, Meng Q Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Establishing a Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership in a Rural Community in the Midwest.
CONCLUSIONS: Our experience suggests the importance and challenge of considering the multiple dimensions of health disparities in rural new destination Midwestern communities. PMID: 31178455 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Progress in Community Health Partnerships)
Source: Progress in Community Health Partnerships - June 11, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Prog Community Health Partnersh Source Type: research

A Survey of the Chemical Compounds of Piper spp. (Piperaceae) and Their Biological Activities.
Authors: Xiang CP, Shi YN, Liu FF, Li HZ, Zhang YJ, Yang CR, Xu M Abstract The genus Piper is one of the largest genera in the Piperaceae, with most species widely distributed globally, covering all continents. To date, many Piper species have been scientifically investigated for their chemical diversities and interesting broad spectrum of bioactivities, including central nervous system (CNS), pesticidal, antifungal and antibacterial effects. This review systematically summarizes the scaffolds of the alkaloids reported, the major chemicals isolated from Piper spp., and their biological activities. Besides ...
Source: Natural Product Communications - June 9, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Tags: Nat Prod Commun Source Type: research

Kavalactones from Kava (Piper methysticum) root extract as modulators of recombinant human glycine receptors.
Authors: Hegazy NH, Breitinger HG, Breitinger U Abstract Roots of kava (Piper methysticum) plant are used in almost all Pacific Ocean cultures to prepare a drink with sedative, anesthetic and euphoric properties. One of the main active ingredients of the extract are kava lactones. Here, kava root CO2 extract and three kavalactones, DL-kavain, dihydrokavain and yangonin (isolated from whole extract by column chromatography) were tested for their inhibitory action on recombinant homomeric human α1 glycine receptors expressed in HEK293 cells. Kava CO2 root extract, as well as the individual components DL-kav...
Source: Biological Chemistry - May 30, 2019 Category: Chemistry Tags: Biol Chem Source Type: research

Concomitant anti-platelet therapy in warfarin-treated patients undergoing cardiac rhythm device implantation: A secondary analysis of the BRUISE CONTROL trial
Anti-platelet therapy is commonly used in patients receiving oral anticoagulation and may increase bleeding risk among patients undergoing cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) surgery. We sought to determine the proportion of anticoagulated patients who are concomitantly receiving anti-platelet therapy, the associated risk of clinically significant hematoma (CSH), and the proportion of patients in whom anti-platelet usage is guideline-indicated. (Source: International Journal of Cardiology)
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Vidal Essebag, Ahmed AlTurki, Riccardo Proietti, Jeff S. Healey, George A. Wells, Atul Verma, Andrew D. Krahn, Christopher S. Simpson, Felix Ayala-Paredes, Benoit Coutu, Richard Leather, Kamran Ahmad, Satish Toal, John Sapp, Marcio Sturmer, Katherine Kava Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 24, Pages 1245: A UHPLC-UV Method Development and Validation for Determining Kavalactones and Flavokavains in Piper methysticum (Kava)
This study demonstrates that the method of analysis offers convenience and adequate sensitivity for determining methysticin, DHM, kavain, DHK, yangonin, DMY, FKA, FKB, and FKC in kava raw materials (root and CO2 extract) and finished products (dry-filled capsule and tablet). (Source: Molecules)
Source: Molecules - March 29, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yijin Tang Christine Fields Tags: Article Source Type: research

Society of Interventional Radiology Multisociety Consensus Position Statement on Prostatic Artery Embolization for Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Attributed to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: From the Society of Interventional Radiology, the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, Société Française de Radiologie, and the British Society o f Interventional Radiology
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) describes the proliferation of the glandular and stromal tissue in the transition zone of the prostate, which may result in bladder outlet obstruction and consequent lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The prevalence of BPH increases with age, affecting more than 70% of men older than 70 years (1), and one fourth of men older than 70 years have moderate to severe LUTS that impair their quality of life (QOL) (2,3). Thus, BPH and ensuing LUTS represent a significant health issue affecting millions of men. (Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR)
Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR - March 25, 2019 Category: Radiology Authors: Justin P. McWilliams, Tiago A. Bilhim, Francisco C. Carnevale, Shivank Bhatia, Ari J. Isaacson, Sandeep Bagla, Marc R. Sapoval, Jafar Golzarian, Riad Salem, Timothy D. McClure, Bruce R. Kava, James B. Spies, Tarun Sabharwal, Ian McCafferty, Alda L. Tam Tags: Standards of Practice Source Type: research

Flavokawain B targets protein neddylation for enhancing the anti-prostate cancer effect of Bortezomib via Skp2 degradation
Flavokawain B (FKB) has been identified from kava root extracts as a potent apoptosis inducer for inhibiting the growth of various cancer cell lines, including prostate cancer. However, the molecular targets o... (Source: Cell Communication and Signaling)
Source: Cell Communication and Signaling - March 18, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xuesen Li, Victor Pham, Matthew Tippin, Dongjun Fu, Raymond Rendon, Liankun Song, Edward Uchio, Bang H. Hoang and Xiaolin Zi Tags: Research Source Type: research

Janus electrochemistry: Simultaneous electrochemical detection at multiple working conditions in a paper-based analytical device.
Abstract The simultaneous detection of multiple analytes from a single sample is a critical tool for the analysis of real world samples. However, this is challenging to accomplish in the field by current electroanalytical techniques, where tuning assay conditions towards a target analyte often results in poor selectivity and sensitivity for other species in the mixture. In this work, an electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) capable of performing simultaneous electrochemical experiments in different solution conditions on a single sample was developed for the first time. We refer to the syste...
Source: Analytica Chimica Acta - February 25, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Nantaphol S, Kava AA, Channon RB, Kondo T, Siangproh W, Chailapakul O, Henry CS Tags: Anal Chim Acta Source Type: research

03:54 PM Abstract No. 9 Using prostate artery embolization to treat patients with hematuria due to benign prostatic hypertrophy or as a complication of transurethral resection of the prostate
Hematuria is a relatively common symptom associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), seen in 9.6% of patients presenting to the emergency department with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). In patients who had undergone transurethral prostate resection (TURP), an estimated 15.6% of patients experiences persistent hematuria. We examine the viability of prostate artery embolization (PAE) as a method of hemorrhagic control in these patients. (Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR)
Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR - February 23, 2019 Category: Radiology Authors: S. Li, A. Amin, R. Peaden, A. Morgado, I. Kably, B. Kava, S. Bhatia Tags: Scientific Session 1: Bring Back the Flow Source Type: research