A qualitative assessment of the smoking policies and cessation activities at smaller workplaces
To reduce the negative consequences of smoking, workplaces have adopted and implemented anti-smoking initiatives. Compared to large workplaces, less research exists about these initiatives at smaller workplace... (Source: BMC Public Health)
Source: BMC Public Health - September 5, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Christine M. Kava, Edith A. Parker, Barbara Baquero, Susan J. Curry, Paul A. Gilbert, Michael Sauder and Daniel K. Sewell Tags: Research article Source Type: research
Reduction of Articular and Systemic Inflammation by Kava-241 in a Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Arthritis Murine Model [Host Response and Inflammation]
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that has been linked to several risk factors, including periodontitis. Identification of new anti-inflammatory compounds to treat arthritis is needed. We had previously demonstrated the beneficial effect of Kava-241, a kavain-derived compound, in the management of Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis. The present study evaluated systemic and articular effects of Kava-241 in an infective arthritis murine model triggered by P. gingivalis bacterial inoculation and primed with a collagen antibody cocktail (CIA) to induce joint inflammation and tissular destruction....
Source: Infection and Immunity - August 22, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Huck, O., You, J., Han, X., Cai, B., Panek, J., Amar, S. Tags: Host Response and Inflammation Source Type: research
Ketogenic diet, a potentially valuable therapeutic option for the management of refractory epilepsy in classical neonatal nonketotic hyperglycinemia: a case report
Ketogenic diet, a potentially valuable therapeutic option for the management of refractory epilepsy in classical neonatal nonketotic hyperglycinemia: a case report, Published online: 14 August 2018; doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0286-8Ketogenic diet, a potentially valuable therapeutic option for the management of refractory epilepsy in classical neonatal nonketotic hyperglycinemia: a case report (Source: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition - August 14, 2018 Category: Nutrition Authors: Maina P. Kava Annie Robertson Lawrence Greed Shanti Balasubramaniam Source Type: research
IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 1744: Vape Club: Exploring Non-Profit Regulatory Models for the Supply of Vaporised Nicotine Products
y Luong
Vaporised nicotine products (VNPs) that are not approved as therapeutic goods are banned in some countries, including Australia, Singapore, and Thailand. We reviewed two non-profit regulatory options, private clubs and the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration Special Access Scheme (SAS) that have been applied to other controlled substances (such as cannabis) as a potential model for regulating VNPs as an alternative to prohibition. The legal status of private cannabis clubs varies between the United States, Canada, Belgium, Spain, and Uruguay. Legal frameworks exist for cannabis clubs in some countries, ...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - August 14, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Coral Gartner Marilyn Bromberg Tanya Musgrove Kathy Luong Tags: Concept Paper Source Type: research
Liver transplantation and the use of KAVA: Case report
ConclusionOur investigation indicates that there was kava-induced hepatotoxicity at standard dosages. In Brazil, self-medication by herbal medicines is frequent and many patients and health professionals do not know the risks associated with their use. Diagnosing and notifying cases in which plants and herbal medicine induce liver damage is of paramount importance to increase the knowledge about DILI and to prevent or treat similar cases quickly.Graphical abstract (Source: Phytomedicine)
Source: Phytomedicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Pharmacotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder in adult and pediatric patients: an evidence-based treatment review.
Authors: Strawn JR, Geracioti L, Rajdev N, Clemenza K, Levine A
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often begins during adolescence or early adulthood and persists throughout the lifespan. Randomized controlled trials support the efficacy of selective serotonin and selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs and SNRIs, respectively), as well as benzodiazepines, azapirones, anti-adrenergic medications, melatonin analogs, second-generation antipsychotics, kava, and lavender oil in GAD. However, psychopharmacologic treatment selection requires clinicians to consider mul...
Source: Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy - August 1, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Pharmacother Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 1907: Isolation and Purification of Potent Growth Inhibitors from Piper methysticum Root
This study was the first to report the purification and inhibitory activities of the two flavanones 5-hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyflavanone and matteucinol in P. methysticum root. The isolated constituents from P. methysticum root including the flavanones C1 and C2 and the mixtures C4 and C6 may possess distinct modes of action on plant growth. Findings of this study highlighted that the combinations of hexane-ethyl acetate by 9:1 and 8:2 ratios successfully purified flavanones and kavalactones in P. methysticum root. (Source: Molecules)
Source: Molecules - July 31, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Truong Mai Van Tran Dang Xuan Truong Ngoc Minh Nguyen Van Quan Tags: Article Source Type: research
Formation and biological targets of botanical o-quinones.
Abstract
The formation of o-quinones from direct 2-electron oxidation of catechols and/or two successive one electron oxidations could explain the cytotoxic/genotoxic and/or chemopreventive effects of several phenolic botanical extracts. For example, poison ivy contains urushiol, an oily mixture, which is oxidized to various o-quinones likely resulting in skin toxicity through oxidative stress and alkylation mechanisms resulting in immune responses. Green tea contains catechins which are directly oxidized to o-quinones by various oxidative enzymes. Alternatively, phenolic botanicals could be o-hydroxylated...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - July 28, 2018 Category: Food Science Authors: Bolton JL, Dunlap TL, Dietz BM Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research
Kavain Reduces Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Adipocyte Inflammation: Role of PGC-1 α Signaling.
In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of Kavain, an extract from Piper methysticum, on Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammation in adipocytes with special focus on peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α) and related pathways. The 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes and primary adipocytes harvested from mouse adipose tissue were infected with P. gingivalis, and inflammation (TNF-α; adiponectin/adipokines), oxidative stress, and adipogenic marker (FAS, CEBPα, and PPAR-γ) expression were measured. Furthermore, effect of PGC-1α knockdown on Kavain action was evaluated. Res...
Source: Journal of Immunology - July 23, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Singh SP, Huck O, Abraham NG, Amar S Tags: J Immunol Source Type: research
Inhibition of glioma growth by flavokawain B is mediated through endoplasmic reticulum stress induced autophagy.
Abstract
Flavokawain B (FKB), a natural kava chalcone, displays potent antitumor activity in various types of cancer. The mechanism of action, however, remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of FKB in the treatment of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) as well as the molecular basis for its inhibitory effects in cancer. Approximately 60% of GBM cells, U251, U87, and T98, became senescent after treatment with FKB (3 μg/mL for 48 h) as assessed in the senescence-associated (SA)-GLB1/SA-β-galactosidase assay. The cellular process of macroautophagy/autophagy potentially contributed to the establis...
Source: Autophagy - July 19, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang J, Qi Q, Zhou W, Feng Z, Huang B, Chen A, Zhang D, Li W, Zhang Q, Jiang Z, Bjerkvig R, Prestegarden L, Thorsen F, Wang X, Li X, Wang J Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research
Single-Lab Validation for Determination of Kavalactones and Flavokavains in Piper methysticum (Kava)
Planta Med DOI: 10.1055/a-0637-2400
Piper methysticum (Kava) is a plant whose roots are used in the preparation of traditional beverages with spiritual, medicinal, and social importance for the Pacific Islanders. Kava is also sold as a herbal supplement or recreational beverage consumed for its mild inebriating effect in Europe and North America. With an ongoing interest in the safety and quality of kava products, it is necessary to develop a validated method for determination of kava chemical composition to ensure confidence in quality assessment. Thus, an high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detec...
Source: Planta Medica - June 25, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Liu, Ying Lund, Jensen A. Murch, Susan J. Brown, Paula N. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
The Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Adverse Events Associated With Kava.
Abstract
Kava is a plant with numerous kavapyrones that can induce pharmacologic effects and drug interactions through the cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein systems. Kava is used recreationally and for the treatment of anxiety. Clinical trials verify anxiolytic effects in excess of placebo, but the effects are not seen immediately and the optimal dose and dosing schedule needs to be determined. Clinical trials usually lasting for 4 weeks found generally good tolerability and safety; however, dermatologic, hepatologic, and cognitive adverse effects may occur. Some of these adverse effects are known to occu...
Source: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - May 23, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: White CM Tags: J Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research
IJERPH, Vol. 15, Pages 917: Active Ottumwa: Adapting Evidence-Based Recommendations to Promote Physical Activity in a Micropolitan New Destination Community
Conclusions: This study will assess the effectiveness and impact of a community-wide intervention to support physical activity. (Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health)
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - May 4, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Barbara Baquero Christine M. Kava Sato Ashida Jason Daniel-Ulloa Helena H. Laroche Heidi Haines Rebecca Bucklin Adriana Maldonado Mayra Coronado Garcia Sandy Berto Dan Sewell Nicole Novak Kathleen Janz Claudia Gates Edith A. Parker Tags: Article Source Type: research
GSE99295 Downregulated d-limonene transgenic orange trees with increased linalool content showed resistance to Phyllosticta citricarpa
Contributors : Ana Rodr íguez ; Vanessa Kava ; Lorena Latorre-García ; Geraldo J da Silva Jr ; Rosana G Pereira ; Chirlei Glienke ; Lisandra S Ferreira-Maba ; Antonio Vicent ; Takehiko Shimada ; Leandro PeñaSeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Citrus ; Citrus sinensisTerpene volatiles play an important role in the interactions among specialized pathogens and fruits. Citrus Black Spot (CBS), caused by the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa, is associated with losses in different citrus-growing areas worldwide. The pathogen may infect the fruit for 20-24 weeks after petal fall but the typical hard spot...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - April 13, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Citrus Citrus sinensis Source Type: research
Malakoplakia of the prostate diagnosed on multiparametric-MRI ultrasound fusion guided biopsy: A case report and review of the literature
Publication date: May 2018 Source:Urology Case Reports, Volume 18 Author(s): Maria C. Velasquez, Paul J. Taylor Smith, Nachiketh Soodana Prakash, Bruce Kava, Oleksandr N. Kryvenko, Rosa Castillo-Acosta, Leonardo Kayat Bittencourt, Mark L. Gonzalgo, Chad Ritch, Dipen J. Parekh, Sanoj Punnen (Source: Urology Case Reports)
Source: Urology Case Reports - April 12, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research
