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Cigarette Smoking Motives and Stages of Change in Smoking Cessation Among Veterans: Differences by Gender and Sexual Orientation
CONCLUSION: Smoking cessation interventions may benefit from enhancing peer support for gay men. Given bisexual and heterosexual women were in less advance stages of change, there may be a greater need for motivational interventions to encourage quitting and additional support to assist with cessation efforts. Overall, findings highlight the diversity of cigarette use within LGB communities.PMID:37643248 | DOI:10.1177/08901171231197147 (Source: American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP)
Source: American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP - August 29, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Raymond A Ruiz Keren Lehavot Jaimee L Heffner Christine M Kava India J Ornelas Source Type: research

Flavokawain A ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF- β signaling pathway and CXCL12/CXCR4 axis
In conclusion, our study showed that FKA inhibited CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling by inhibiting CXCL12 dimerization, blocked the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway and inhibited the TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathway to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis, and FKA is a promising therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis.PMID:37579968 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175981 (Source: European Journal of Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - August 14, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ting Xiao Dandi Gao Xiaoting Gu Yanping Zhang Yuxin Zhu Zihui Zhang Yiming He Luqing Wei Hongli Li Honggang Zhou Cheng Yang Source Type: research

Interferon in the treatment of ill adults with Covid-19 in the Republic of Guinea
Conclusions: The interferon resulted effective and safe in contributing to the viral replication conversion to negative results in shorter time and to survival.Keywords: SARS-Cov-2; COVID 19; zoonosis; human recombinant interferon. (Source: African Health Sciences)
Source: African Health Sciences - July 13, 2023 Category: African Health Authors: Valent ín Santiago Rodríguez Moya, Ladys Alfonso Águila, Nohuou Mangué Camara, Sékuo Ditinn Cisse, Doukure Mamady, Sakoba Keïta, Kava Mamady Bakary, Lianet Díaz Pérez, Elaine Díaz Casañas Source Type: research

The genus Scorzonera L. (Asteraceae): A comprehensive review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, chemotaxonomy, and other applications
CONCLUSION: This review provides information on traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, chemotaxonomy, other applications aspects, and future prospects of the genus Scorzonera. However, only around one third of Scorzonera species have been studied so far. This review may be used as the basis for future endeavors, including further biological and chemical investigations, and efforts of seeking more applications.PMID:37390877 | DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116787 (Source: Herpes)
Source: Herpes - June 30, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yuan Gong Zhuan-Ning Shi Jun Yu Xiao-Feng He Xian-Hua Meng Quan-Xiang Wu Ying Zhu Source Type: research

The genus Scorzonera L. (Asteraceae): A comprehensive review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, chemotaxonomy, and other applications
CONCLUSION: This review provides information on traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, chemotaxonomy, other applications aspects, and future prospects of the genus Scorzonera. However, only around one third of Scorzonera species have been studied so far. This review may be used as the basis for future endeavors, including further biological and chemical investigations, and efforts of seeking more applications.PMID:37390877 | DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116787 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - June 30, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yuan Gong Zhuan-Ning Shi Jun Yu Xiao-Feng He Xian-Hua Meng Quan-Xiang Wu Ying Zhu Source Type: research

Opportunities and Challenges of Kava in Lung Cancer Prevention
This article will review the epidemiological data, pre-clinical animal data, and limited clinical data that support the potential of kava in reducing human lung cancer risk via its holistic polypharmacological effects. To facilitate its future clinical translation, advanced knowledge is needed with respect to its mechanisms of action and the development of mechanism-based non-invasive biomarkers in addition to safety and efficacy in more clinically relevant animal models.PMID:37298489 | DOI:10.3390/ijms24119539 (Source: Cancer Control)
Source: Cancer Control - June 10, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Breanne Freeman Jessica Mamallapalli Tengfei Bian Kayleigh Ballas Allison Lynch Alexander Scala Zhiguang Huo Kristianna M Fredenburg Adriaan W Bruijnzeel Carolyn J Baglole Junxuan Lu Ramzi G Salloum John Malaty Chengguo Xing Source Type: research

A New Kavalactone Dimer from Piper methysticum
A new kavalactone dimer, named kavalactone B (1), and three known compounds, 11-methoxy-5,6-dihydroyangonin (2), methysticin (3), dihydromethysticin (4), were isolated from the leaves ofPiper methysticum (kava). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D, 2D NMR, and mass spectrometric data. Primary bioassays showed that compound2 had very strong cytotoxicity against A549 and NCI-H460 cells with IC50 values of 10.6 and 10.7 μg/mL, respectively, whereas compounds1,3, and4 had very weak cytotoxicity against A549 and NCI-H460 cells. (Source: Chemistry of Natural Compounds)
Source: Chemistry of Natural Compounds - June 3, 2023 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 1666: Kavalactone Kawain Impedes Urothelial Tumorigenesis in UPII-Mutant Ha-Ras Mice via Inhibition of mTOR Signaling and Alteration of Cancer Metabolism
io Xiaolin Zi UPII-mutant Ha-ras transgenic mice develop urothelial hyperplasia and low-grade papillary carcinoma, which mimics human non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We investigated the effects and mechanisms of kawain, a main kavalactone in the kava plant, on oncogenic Ha-ras-driven urothelial carcinoma in these mice. The mice were fed at six weeks of age with vehicle control or kawain (6 g/kg) formulated food for approximately five months. Seventy-eight percent of the mice or more fed with kawain food survived more than six months of age, whereas only 32% control food-fed male mice survived, (p = 0.0082...
Source: Molecules - February 9, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Zhongbo Liu Liankun Song Jun Xie Xue-Ru Wu Greg E. Gin Beverly Wang Edward Uchio Xiaolin Zi Tags: Article Source Type: research

Reducing tobacco-associated lung cancer risk: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial of AB-free kava
Tobacco use is the leading cause of many preventable diseases, resulting in premature death or disease. Given that the majority of adult who smoke want to stop, this health burden could be significantly reduce... (Source: Trials)
Source: Trials - January 18, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Chengguo Xing, John Malaty, Melissa Bou Malham, Anna Maria Abi Nehme, Breanne Freeman, Zhiguang Huo, Roberto Firpi-Morrel and Ramzi G. Salloum Tags: Study protocol Source Type: research

Kavain ablates the radio-resistance of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma by targeting LITAF/NF- κB pathway
ConclusionIn mechanism, our results indicated that 1) the elevation of LITAF in GBM cells activates the NF- κB pathway to promote mesenchymal transition, and 2) kavain disturbs STAT6B/LITAF protein interaction and then expels LITAF from the nucleus. Therefore, we consider that kavain may be a potential candidate to develop an irradiation therapy adjuvant for GBM. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - December 5, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research