Prevalence of risk factors for development of cardiovascular diseases in urban and rural areas of Eastern Croatia: a cross-sectional study
CONCLUSIONS: In the examined sample, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is generally high. Participants from rural areas are significantly more susceptible to cardiovascular risk factors than participants from urban areas.PMID:38669153 | DOI:10.21101/cejph.a7709 (Source: Central European Journal of Public Health)
Source: Central European Journal of Public Health - April 26, 2024 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Mirta Klapec-Basar Tanja Kova č Renata Apati ć Željko Mudri Tin Basar Stjepan Juri ć Rudika Gmajni ć Robert Lovri ć Source Type: research
Atherosclerosis Residual Lipid Risk-Overview of Existing and Future Pharmacotherapies
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2024 Apr 21;11(4):126. doi: 10.3390/jcdd11040126.ABSTRACTPatients with atherosclerotic disease remain at increased risk of future events despite receiving optimal medical treatment. This residual risk is widely heterogeneous, but lipoprotein particles and their content play a major role in determining future cardiovascular events. Beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), other lipoprotein particles have not demonstrated similar contribution to the progression of atherosclerosis. Statins, ezetimibe, and more recently, proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors and bempedoic ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Muntaser Omari Mohammad Alkhalil Source Type: research
Simplified Criteria for Identification of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children: Application in Real Life
CONCLUSIONS: In the pediatric population, the combination of LDL-C ≥95th percentile in the proband and the dominant inheritance pattern of hypercholesterolemia, with LDL-C ≥95th percentile in one parent, is a simple, useful and effective diagnostic criterion, showing high MDR. This pattern is crucial for early FH diagnosis. EAS, SBR and LIPIGEN-FH-PED criteria can underestimate the real number of patients with gene mutations and cannot be considered strictly discriminant for the execution of molecular analysis.PMID:38667741 | DOI:10.3390/jcdd11040123 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Raffaele Buganza Giulia Massini Maria Donata Di Taranto Giovanna Cardiero Luisa de Sanctis Ornella Guardamagna Source Type: research
A Novel Artificial Coronary Plaque to Model Coronary Heart Disease
CONCLUSION: This artificial atherosclerotic plaque model works as a simulating tool for future medical testing and could be crucial for further specified research on coronary artery disease and is going to help to provide information about the optimal interventional and surgical care of the disease.PMID:38667208 | DOI:10.3390/biomimetics9040197 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Philipp Lindenhahn Jannik Richter Iliyana Pepelanova Bettina Seeger Holger A Volk Rabea Hinkel Bernhard Hiebl Thomas Scheper Jan B Hinrichs Lena S Becker Axel Haverich Tim Kaufeld Source Type: research
The Role of Fatty Acid Synthase in the Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell to Foam Cell Transition
Cells. 2024 Apr 9;13(8):658. doi: 10.3390/cells13080658.ABSTRACTVascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), in their contractile and differentiated state, are fundamental for maintaining vascular function. Upon exposure to cholesterol (CHO), VSMCs undergo dedifferentiation, adopting characteristics of foam cells-lipid-laden, macrophage-like cells pivotal in atherosclerotic plaque formation. CHO uptake by VSMCs leads to two primary pathways: ABCA1-mediated efflux or storage in lipid droplets as cholesterol esters (CEs). CE formation, involving the condensation of free CHO and fatty acids, is catalyzed by sterol O-acyltransferase ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bethany J Bogan Holly C Williams Claire M Holden Vraj Patel Giji Joseph Christopher Fierro Hugo Sepulveda W Robert Taylor Amir Rezvan Alejandra San Martin Source Type: research
The Interplay of Microbiome Dysbiosis and Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiol Rev. 2024 Apr 26. doi: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000701. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe intricate ecosystem of the mammalian gut, which hosts a diverse microbiome, plays a vital role in various physiological functions. Trillions of bacteria within the gut contribute to host metabolism, immune modulation, energy homeostasis, and more. Emerging research highlights the gut microbiota's significant impact on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with intestinal dysbiosis identified as a risk factor for conditions such as obesity and diabetes, both linked to atherosclerosis. Chronic inflammation, pivotal in atherosclerosis, is...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anas Zaher Jude Elsaygh Stephen J Peterson Ilan S Weisberg Manish A Parikh William H Frishman Source Type: research
Microbial Features Linked to Medication Strategies in Cardiometabolic Disease Management
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2024 Feb 5;7(4):991-1001. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00261. eCollection 2024 Apr 12.ABSTRACTHuman gut microbiota are recognized as critical players in both metabolic disease and drug metabolism. However, medication-microbiota interactions in cardiometabolic diseases are not well understood. To gain a comprehensive understanding of how medication intake impacts the gut microbiota, we investigated the association of microbial structure with the use of single or multiple medications in a cohort of 134 middle-aged adults diagnosed with cardiometabolic disease, recruited from Alberta's Tomorrow Project. P...
Source: Cancer Control - April 26, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jane Shearer Shrushti Shah Grace Shen-Tu Kristina Schlicht Matthias Laudes Chunlong Mu Source Type: research
Association of cardiac biomarkers with long-term cardiovascular events in a community cohort
DISCUSSION: Ceramide score and NT proBNP improve the prediction of MACE and stroke/MI in a community primary prevention cohort.PMID:38666319 | DOI:10.1080/1354750X.2024.2335245 (Source: Biomarkers)
Source: Biomarkers - April 26, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Robert A Churchill Benjamin R Gochanour Christopher G Scott Vlad C Vasile Richard J Rodeheffer Jeffrey W Meeusen Allan S Jaffe Source Type: research
Cholesterol transport and beyond: Illuminating the versatile functions of HDL apolipoproteins through structural insights and functional implications
High-density lipoproteins are versatile lipoprotein nanoparticles that have pleotropic functions in regulating lipid metabolism, innate immunity, and protection of cardiovascular system. They comprise of several proteins among which 15 apolipoproteins are the major proteins, with diverse functions. This review focuses on the structure, function, polymorphisms, and their role in human health and diseases and implications of developing novel therapeutic. AbstractHigh-density lipoproteins (HDLs) play a vital role in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health, as they are intricately involved in cholesterol transport and infla...
Source: BioFactors - April 26, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Aishwarya Sudam Bhale,
Olivier Meilhac,
Christian Lefebvre d'Hellencourt,
Mookambeswaran A. Vijayalakshmi,
Krishnan Venkataraman Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Behavioral and Metabolic Effects of ABCG4 KO in the APPswe,Ind (J9) Mouse Model of Alzheimer ’s Disease
In this study, we bredAbcg4 knockout (KO) with the APPSwe,Ind (J9) mouse model of AD to test the hypothesis that loss ofAbcg4 would exacerbate the AD phenotype. Unexpectedly, no differences were observed in novel object recognition (NOR) and novel object placement (NOP) behavioral tests, or on histologic examinations of brain tissues for senile plaque numbers. Furthermore, clearance of radiolabeled A ß from the brains did not differ betweenAbcg4 KO and control mice. Metabolic testing by indirect calorimetry, glucose tolerance test (GTT), and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were also mostly similar between groups with only a ...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - April 26, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Alcohol consumption and progression of heart failure in those at risk for or with pre-heart failure
People with heart risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity or high cholesterol, may develop extra strain on the heart over time because of these risk factors. We researched the association of low and moderate-high levels of alcohol intake, compared to no intake, with changes in the heart over time. We found that amongst participants with heart abnormalities, drinking the equivalent of more than a bottle of wine per week was associated with further negative changes in the heart or development of symptoms of heart failure. (Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure)
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - April 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bethany Wong, Ashe Moore, Ken McDonald, Mark Ledwidge Source Type: research
Correlation-based tests for the formal comparison of polygenic scores in multiple populations
by Sophia Gunn, Kathryn L. Lunetta
Polygenic scores (PGS) are measures of genetic risk, derived from the results of genome wide association studies (GWAS). Previous work has proposed the coefficient of determination (R2) as an appropriate measure by which to compare PGS performance in a validation dataset. Here we propose correlation-based methods for evaluating PGS performance by adapting previous work which produced a statistical framework and robust test statistics for the comparison of multiple correlation measures in multiple populations. This flexible framework can be extended to a wider variety of hypothesis tests ...
Source: PLoS Genetics - April 26, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Sophia Gunn Source Type: research
Polygenic scores for longitudinal prediction of incident type 2 diabetes in an ancestrally and medically diverse primary care physician network: a patient cohort study
ConclusionsGenetic information can help identify high-risk patients even among those perceived to be low risk in a clinical evaluation. (Source: Genome Medicine)
Source: Genome Medicine - April 26, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1999: Gallic Acid Can Promote Low-Density Lipoprotein Uptake in HepG2 Cells via Increasing Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Accumulation
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Xuanjun Wang
Gallic acid (GA) is a type of polyphenolic compound that can be found in a range of fruits, vegetables, and tea. Although it has been confirmed it improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), it is still unknown whether GA can improve the occurrence of NAFLD by increasing the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) accumulation and alleviating cholesterol metabolism disorders. Therefore, the present study explored the effect of GA on LDLR and its mechanism of action. The findings indicated that the increase in LDLR accumulation in HepG2 cells induced by GA was associated with the stimulation of...
Source: Molecules - April 26, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Dongying Zhang Qixing Zhou Xiangxuan Yang Zhen Zhang Dongxue Wang Dandan Hu Yewei Huang Jun Sheng Xuanjun Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research
