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Dietary supplements: clinical cholesterol-lowering efficacy and potential mechanisms of action
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Apr 24:1-20. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2342301. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis review aims to analyse the efficacy of dietary supplements in reducing plasma cholesterol levels. Focusing on evidence from meta-analyses of randomised controlled clinical trials, with an emphasis on potential mechanisms of action as supported by human, animal, and cell studies. Certain dietary supplements including phytosterols, berberine, viscous soluble dietary fibres, garlic supplements, soy protein, specific probiotic strains, and certain polyphenol extracts could significantly reduce plasma total and low-dens...
Source: International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition - April 25, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Qian Ge Yue Yan Yang Luo Tai Teng Caixia Cao Danqing Zhao Jing Zhang Caihong Li Wang Chen Binkun Yang Zicheng Yi Tengwen Chang Xiang Chen Source Type: research

Interactions Between HDL and CD4+ T Cells: A Novel Understanding of HDL Anti-Inflammatory Properties
We present a model where HDL may modulate T cells through both direct and indirect mechanisms.PMID:38660807 | DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.124.320851 (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - April 25, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Laura Atehortua W Sean Davidson Claire A Chougnet Source Type: research

Differential Impact In Vivo of Pf4- ΔCre-Mediated and Gp1ba-ΔCre-Mediated Depletion of Cyclooxygenase-1 in Platelets in Mice
CONCLUSIONS: Both approaches to Cox-1 deletion similarly restrain thrombogenesis, but a differential impact on Cox-1-dependent prostanoid formation by the vasculature may contribute to an inflammatory phenotype and accelerated atherogenesis in Pf4-ΔCre mice.PMID:38660804 | DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.123.320295 (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - April 25, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Soon Yew Tang Ronan Lordan Hu Meng Benjamin J Auerbach Elizabeth J Hennessy Arjun Sengupta Ujjalkumar S Das Robin Joshi Oscar A Marcos-Contreras Ryan McConnell Gregory R Grant Emanuela Ricciotti Vladimir R Muzykantov Tilo Grosser Aalim M Weiljie Garret A Source Type: research

Risk Factors and Clinical Characterization of Cardiovascularand Cerebrovascular Events in Elderly Hemodialysis Patients
CONCLUSION: Patients with underlying diseases such as hypertensive or diabetic nephropathy are more likely to experience cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Longer dialysis duration, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures, elevated uric acid, TC, TG, LDL-C, PTH and blood glucose levels, and boosted inflammatory reaction are risk factors for these events among elderly HD patients. The purpose of this study is to provide practical guidelines for clinical treatment. Comprehensive measures such as active intervention of risk factors, rational drug use and regular examination should be taken to improve the overall...
Source: Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases - April 25, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Wei Liu Hong Ze Wang Ying Shi Weiqiang Shen Mingyan Dai Source Type: research

Effect of MEHP on testosterone synthesis via Sirt1/Foxo1/Rab7 signaling pathway inhibition of lipophagy in TM3 cells
This study improves our current understanding of the toxicity and molecular mechanisms of action of MEHP and provides new insights into the reproductive effects of phthalic acid esters.PMID:38663197 | DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116394 (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety)
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - April 25, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Yu Hao Xuan'en Tian Fengmei Yan Xiuqin Wang Jing Huang Ling Li Source Type: research

A register-based study describing time trends in risk factor control and serious hypoglycaemia together with the effects of starting continuous glucose monitoring in people with type 1 diabetes in Norway
CONCLUSIONS: Between 2012 and 2020, we found marked improvements in glycaemic control and a considerable decrease in the proportion of individuals reporting serious hypoglycaemia. The proportion of individuals using CGM increased substantially and individuals that had started using CGM by 2020 showed greater improvement in glycaemic control and less serious hypoglycaemia.PMID:38662602 | DOI:10.1111/dme.15335 (Source: Molecular Medicine)
Source: Molecular Medicine - April 25, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Una Ørvim Sølvik John Graham Cooper Karianne Fjeld L øvaas Tony Ernes Tone Vonheim Madsen Sverre Sandberg Grethe Åstrøm Ueland Source Type: research

A short-term rodent model for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis induced by a high-fat diet and carbon tetrachloride
This study aimed to evaluate the joint action of a high-fat diet and CCl4 in developing a short-term non-alcoholic steatohepatitis model. C57BL6/J mice were divided into two groups: standard diet-fed (SD), the high-fat diet-fed (HFD) and HFD + fructose-fed and carbon tetrachloride (HFD+CCl4). Animals fed with HFD+CCl4 presented increased lipid deposition compared with both SD and HFD mice. Plasma cholesterol was increased in animals from the HFD+CCl4 group compared to the SD and HFD groups, without significant differences between the SD and HFD groups. Plasma triglycerides showed no significant difference between the group...
Source: Bioscience Reports - April 25, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Layanne C C Araujo Carolina C B Dias Felipe G Sucupira Leandra N Z Ramalho Joao Paulo Camporez Source Type: research

Distal Upper Extremity Arterial Calcification as a Predictor for Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease by Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2024 Apr 24;12(4):e5768. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000005768. eCollection 2024 Apr.ABSTRACTSeveral studies have linked calcification of the thoracic and lower extremity arterial trunks to an increased risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD). Calcifications of the radial and/or ulnar artery are regularly identified in hand/wrist x-rays; however, the clinical relevance of these findings as related to identifying subclinical CAD is not well understood. Associations between CAD and upper extremity calcifications have been reported, but the timeline is unclear. The purpose of this study was...
Source: Hand Surgery - April 25, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Aygul Iskandarova Shiavax J Rao Gabriel J Yohe Ankit B Shah Aviram M Giladi Source Type: research

Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Obesity increases CVD risk, at least partially due to promotion of an adiposopathic, atherogenic lipid profile. Obesity also worsens other cardiometabolic risk factors. Among patients with obesity, interventions that reduce body weight and improve CVD outcomes are generally associated with improved lipid levels. Given the modest improvement in blood LDL-C with weight reduction in patients with overweight or obesity, early interventions to treat both excess adiposity and elevated atherogenic cholesterol (LDL-C and/or non-HDL-C) levels represent priorities in reducing the risk of CVD.PMID:38664184 | DOI:10.1016/...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 25, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Harold Edward Bays Carol Kirkpatrick Kevin C Maki Peter P Toth Ryan T Morgan Justin Tondt Sandra Michelle Christensen Dave Dixon Terry A Jacobson Source Type: research