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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.

Yes-associated protein (YAP1) is required for proliferation and function of bovine granulosa cells in vitro$.
Abstract Yes-associated protein (YAP1) is a major component of the Hippo signaling pathway. Although the exact extracellular signals that control the Hippo pathway are currently unknown, increasing evidence supports a critical role for the Hippo pathway in embryonic development, regulation of organ size, and carcinogenesis. Granulosa cells within the ovarian follicle proliferate and produce steroids and growth factors, which facilitate growth of follicle and maturation of the oocyte. We hypothesize that YAP1 plays a role in proliferation and estrogen secretion of granulosa cells. In the current study, we examined ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 26, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Plewes MR, Hou X, Zhang P, Liang A, Hua G, Wood JR, Cupp AS, Lv X, Wang C, Davis JS Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Synergistic inhibition of csal1 and csal3 in granulosa cell proliferation and steroidogenesis of hen ovarian prehierarchical development.
This study aimed to explore the potential role and mechanism of csal1 and csal3 in granulosa cells (GCs) proliferation, differentiation, and follicle selection within the PFs of hen ovary. Our data demonstrated that the csal1 and csal3 transcriptions were highly expressed in GCs of the various-sized PFs and their proteins were mainly localized in the cytoplasm of granulosa cells and oocytes of the examined PFs as well as in the ovarian stroma and epithelium. It initially revealed that both csal1 and csal3 may be involved in chicken PF development via a translocation mechanism. Furthermore, our results showed an abundance o...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 26, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhu H, Qin N, Xu X, Sun X, Chen X, Zhao J, Xu R, Mishra B Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Endogenous retrovirus-encoded Syncytin-2 contributes to exosome-mediated immunosuppression of T cells.
Abstract Modulation of the activation status of immune cell populations during pregnancy depends on placental villous cytotrophoblast (VCT) cells and the syncytiotrophoblast (STB) layer. Failure in the establishment of this immunoregulatory function leads to pregnancy complications. Our laboratory has been studying Syncytin-2 (Syn-2), an endogenous retroviral protein expressed in placenta and on the surface of placental exosomes. This protein plays an important role in STB formation through its fusogenic properties, but also possesses an active immunosuppressive domain (ISD). Considering that Syn-2 expression is i...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 17, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lokossou AG, Toudic C, Nguyen PT, Elisseeff X, Vargas A, Rassart É, Lafond J, Leduc L, Bourgault S, Gilbert C, Scorza T, Tolosa J, Barbeau B Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

SMAD-dependent signaling mediates BMP6-induced stimulation of connective tissue growth factor in luteinized human granulosa cells.
In this study, we demonstrated that BMP6 treatment significantly increased the expression of CTGF in both primary and immortalized human granulosa cells. Using both pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA-mediated knockdown approaches, we showed that ALK2 and ALK3 type I receptors are required for BMP6-induced cellular activities. Furthermore, this effect is most likely mediated by a SMAD-dependent pathway. Our studies provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms by which an intraovarian growth factor affects the production of another factor via a paracrine effect in human granulosa cells. PMID: 31210269 [PubMed -...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - June 17, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liu S, Chang HM, Yi Y, Yao YQ, Leung PCK Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Up-regulation of AREG, EGFR and HER2 contributes to increased VEGF expression in granulosa cells of patients with OHSS †.
This study demonstrated that granulosa cell-secreted AREG plays an important role in the development of OHSS, suggesting that the EGFR/HER2-mediated signaling could be a novel drug target for the prevention and treatment of OHSS. PMID: 31167229 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Reproductive Biology - June 4, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Fang L, Yu Y, Li Y, Wang S, He J, Zhang R, Sun YP Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Androgens regulate follicle stage-dependent pro- and anti-apoptosis in teleost ovaries through ZIP9 activation of different G proteins †.
This study demonstrates that ZIP9 mediates opposite survival responses of croaker G/T cells by activating different G proteins in a follicle stage-dependent manner. PMID: 31074766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 9, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Converse A, Thomas P Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

GIT2 deficiency attenuates inflammation induced expression of pro-labor mediators in human amnion and myometrial cells.
Abstract Untimely activation of the inflammatory response by sterile or infective insults in uterine tissues can result in preterm birth. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathogenic activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiates a biochemical cascade of events leading to myometrial activation and contractility, cervical dilatation, and rupture of the chorioamniotic membranes. GIT2 is a signaling protein known to play a role in innate and adaptive immunity; however, its role in the inflammatory pathways of human labor are not known. In this article, we report that GIT2 expression is lower in human myometrium and ...
Source: Reproductive Biology - March 26, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim R, Lappas M Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Endo-siRNAs regulate early embryonic development by inhibiting transcription of long terminal repeat sequence in pig.
Abstract Activity of some endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) has been proven to be important for development of early mammalian embryo. However, abnormal activation of ERVs can also cause genetic diseases due to their ability to retrotranspose, so the regulatory mechanism to limit transcription of ERVs needs to be clarified. Endogenous small interfering RNA (endo-siRNA) has been reported to protect cells against transposable elements (TEs). Here, we determined the role of ERVs long terminal repeat sequences (LTRs) derived endo-siRNAs (LTR-siRNAs) on inhibition of the activity of ERVs during early embryonic development...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - March 17, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kong Q, Quan X, Du J, Tai Y, Liu W, Zhang J, Zhang X, Mu Y, Liu Z Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulated by twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 (Twist2) in embryo implantation in mice.
Abstract In a previous study we found the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, including E-cadherin and N-cadherin, was significantly altered in uterine endometrium during embryo implantation via regulation by microRNA (miRNA)-429 and protocadherin-8 (Pcdh8). As a natural continuation of the previous study, the aim of the present study was to explore the role of EMT during embryo implantation and the potential activity of twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 (Twist2) in regulating embryo implantation. A pregnancy model was established by naturally mating adult female ICR...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - February 20, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gou J, Hu T, Li L, Xue L, Zhao X, Yi T, Li Z Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

TRIM28 down-regulation on methylation imprints in bovine preimplantation embryos.
In this study, three siRNAs (si647, si742, and si1153) were designed to target the TRIM28 mRNA sequence. After transfection of the mixture of the three siRNA (siMix) into bovine fibroblast cells, the most effective one for TRIM28 knockdown was selected. By injecting RNAi directed against TRIM28 mRNA, we found that TRIM28 knockdown in oocytes had the most effect on the H19 gene, in which differentially methylated region (DMR) methylation was almost completely absent at the 2-cell stage (1.4%), while control embryos showed 74% methylation. In addition, global H3K9me3 levels at the 2-cell stage were significantly higher in th...
Source: Zygote - January 23, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ma X, Zhang S, Zhang M, Zhu Y, Ma P, Yang S, Su L, Li Z, Lv W, Luan W Tags: Zygote Source Type: research

Low MFN2 expression related to ageing in granulosa cells is associated with assisted reproductive technology outcome
ConclusionsLow MFN2 expression levels in granulosa cells were related to ageing, which may be involved in the clinical outcome of ART by promoting cell apoptosis and affecting mitochondrial function.
Source: Reproductive BioMedicine Online - December 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

Sex hormones alter the response of Toll-like receptor 3 to its specific ligand in fallopian tube epithelial cells.
Conclusion: These results imply that sex hormones exerted a suppressive effect on the function of TLR3 in the fallopian tube cell line when different concentrations of sex hormones were present. The current results also suggest that estrogen receptor beta and nuclear progesterone receptor B are likely to mediate the hormonal regulation of TLR3, as these two receptors are the main estrogen and progesterone receptors in OE-E6/E7 cell line. PMID: 30538945 [PubMed]
Source: Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine - December 13, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Tags: Clin Exp Reprod Med Source Type: research

Uterine RGS2 expression is regulated by exogenous estrogen and progesterone in ovariectomized mice, and down ‐regulation of RGS2 expression in artificial decidualized ESCs inhibits trophoblast spreading in vitro
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Molecular Reproduction and Development - November 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Manxi Jiang, Liangshan Hu, Baoping Wang, Danxia Chen, Yahong Li, Zhen Zhang, Yan Zhu Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Endometriotic inflammatory microenvironment induced by macrophages can be targeted by niclosamide.
Abstract Endometriosis causes severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility. We have recently reported that niclosamide treatment reduces growth and progression of endometriosis-like lesions and inflammatory signaling (NFĸB and STAT3) in a mouse model. In the present study, we examined further inhibitory mechanisms by which niclosamide affects endometriotic lesions using an endometriotic epithelial cell line, 12Z, and macrophages differentiated from a monocytic THP-1 cell line. Niclosamide dose dependently reduced 12Z viability, reduced STAT3 and NFĸB activity, and increased both cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP....
Source: Biology of Reproduction - October 16, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sekulovski N, Whorton AE, Shi M, Ii JAM, Hayashi K Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Effect of aquaporin 3 knockdown by RNA interference on antrum formation in sheep secondary follicles cultured in vitro.
In conclusion, ovine secondary follicles can be successfully transfected during in vitro culture, and siRNA-mediated attenuation of AQP3 gene reduced antrum formation of secondary follicles. PMID: 30289102 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Zygote - October 5, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Paz MP, de Sousa FGC, Alves BG, Lobo CH, Sales AD, Tavares KCS, de Sá NAR, Guerreiro DD, Maside C, Rocha RMP, Bertolini LR, Bordignon V, de Figueiredo JR, Rodrigues APR Tags: Zygote Source Type: research