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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.

Human Endometrial Stromal Cell Decidualization Requires Transcriptional Reprogramming by PLZF.
Abstract Infertility and early embryo-miscarriage is linked to inadequate endometrial decidualization. Although transcriptional reprogramming is known to drive decidualization in response to progesterone, the key signaling effectors that directly mediate this hormone response are not fully known. This knowledge-gap is clinically significant because identifying the early signals that directly mediate progesterone-driven decidualization will address some of the current limitations in diagnosing and therapeutically treating patients at most risk for early pregnancy loss. We recently revealed that the promyelocytic le...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - November 25, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Szwarc MM, Hai L, Gibbons WE, Peavey MC, White LD, Mo Q, Lonard DM, Kommagani R, Lanz RB, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Differential effects of follistatin on porcine oocyte competence and cumulus cell gene expression in vitro
This study investigated the paracrine and autocrine activity of follistatin (FS), which is secreted by oocytes and cumulus cells as part of porcine embryogenesis. Immunohistochemical (IHC) localization of follistatin was conducted on 100 randomly selected early‐ and late‐cleaving two‐cell embryos. Dissociated cumulus cells were treated with various doses of follistatin for determination of the follistatin gene (FST) mRNA expression levels by quantitative real‐time PCR analysis. Microinjection of siRNA induced a downregulation of FST mRNA during embryonic development, thereby decreasing the proportion embryos develo...
Source: Reproduction in Domestic Animals - November 14, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Z Guo, MS Islam, D Liu, G Liu, L Lv, Y Yang, B Fu, L Wang, Z Liu, H He, H Wu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Calcitriol regulates immune genes CD14 and CD180 to modulate LPS responses in human trophoblasts
We assessed the response of primary cultures of placental villous mononucleated trophoblasts and multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast to calcitriol, the most biologically active form of vitamin D. Whole-genome microarray data showed that calcitriol modulates the expression of many genes in trophoblasts within 6 hours of exposure and RT-qPCR revealed similar responses in cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts and villous explants. Both cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts expressed genes for the vitamin D receptor, for LRP2 and CUBN that mediate internalization of calcidiol, for CYP27B1 that encodes the enzyme that conve...
Source: Reproduction - October 31, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Longtine, M. S., Cvitic, S., Colvin, B. N., Chen, B., Desoye, G., Nelson, D. M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

The IL-1 β signalling pathway and its role in regulating pro-inflammatory and pro-labour mediators in human primary myometrial cells.
This study sought to determine the role of the adaptor proteins myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) and transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) in IL-1β-induced formation of pro-inflammatory and pro-labour mediators in human myometrium. Human primary myometrial cells were transfected with siRNA against MyD88 (siMYD88), TRAF6 (siTRAF6), IRAK4 (siIRAK4) or TAK1 (siTAK1), treated with IL-1β, and assayed for the mRNA expression and or secretion of pro-inflammatory and pro-labour mediators....
Source: Reproductive Biology - October 6, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lappas M Tags: Reprod Biol Source Type: research

WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 regulates human endometrial stromal cell decidualization, proliferation and migration in part through mitogen-activated protein kinase 7.
Abstract The differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells, termed decidualization, is an integral step in the establishment of pregnancy. The mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog, WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1), is activated downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) during decidualization. Primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were subjected to siRNA knockdown of WNK1 followed by in vitro decidualization. This abrogated expression of the decidual marker genes, IGFBP1 and PRL, and prevented adoption of decidual cell morphology. Analysis of the WNK1-depende...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 30, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Adams NR, Vasquez YM, Mo Q, Gibbons W, Kovanci E, DeMayo FJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Mouse double minute homologue 2 (MDM2) downregulation by miR-661 impairs human endometrial epithelial cell adhesive capacity.
This study highlights a potential new mechanism by which human blastocyst-secreted miR-661 reduces endometrial epithelial cell adhesion; via downregulation of MDM2. These findings suggest that MDM2 contributes to endometrial-blastocyst adhesion, implantation and infertility in women. PMID: 28847363 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - August 29, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Winship A, Ton A, Van Sinderen M, Menkhorst E, Rainczuk K, Griffiths M, Cuman C, Dimitriadis E Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

Iron suppresses ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and arrests cell cycle through regulating p38 MAPK/p53/p21 pathway.
Abstract Iron is an essential nutrient that may exert toxic effects when it accumulates in tissues. Little is known regarding its effects on gonadal function. Both Fe2+ and Fe3+ could be released from iron deposition. We employed mouse non-luteinized granulosa cell for in vitro studies and human ovarian tissues for Prussian blue and immunohistochemical staining to identify the iron deposition and effect in vivo. After treatment with FeSO4-7H2O or FeCl3 in granulosa cell cultured with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) for 48 hours, we found that Fe2+ significantly suppressed FSH-induced granulosa cell proliferatio...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 28, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen MJ, Chou CH, Shun CT, Mao TL, Wen WF, Chen CD, Chen SU, Yang YS, Ho HN Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

NLRP7 contributes to in vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells.
CONCLUSIONS: NLRP7 was upregulated and translocated to the nucleus of the endometrial stromal cells in an in vitro decidualization model. Overexpressed NLRP7 promoted the IGFBP-1 expression and PR reporter activation. IGFBP-1 expression decreased with the knockdown of NLRP7. Therefore, we suggest that NLRP7 contributes to in vitro decidualization of endometrial stromal cells. PMID: 28810880 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Reproductive Biology - August 15, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Huang JY, Yu PH, Li YC, Kuo PL Tags: Reprod Biol Endocrinol Source Type: research

Modulating circulating sFlt1 in an animal model of preeclampsia using PAMAM nanoparticles for siRNA delivery
Excessive circulating sFlt1 plays a major role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). Using RNAi to silence sFlt1 may be a therapy for treating PE. Because of the rapid degradation of siRNA, gene therapy in vivo remains limited. Poly-amidoamine (PAMAM) has been demonstrated to be an excellent nanocarrier for siRNA delivery with no discernible toxicity.
Source: Placenta - August 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jun Yu, Jing Jia, Xijiao Guo, Ruibao Chen, Ling Feng Source Type: research

miR ‐182 selectively targets HOXA10 in goat endometrial epithelium cells in vitro
In conclusion, miR‐182 targeted HOXA10 selectively in EECs in vitro, and HOXA10 played an important role in maintaining the function of EECs in dairy goats.
Source: Reproduction in Domestic Animals - July 30, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: L Zhang, X ‐R Liu, J‐Z Liu, Y‐X Song, Z‐Q Zhou, B‐Y Cao Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1{alpha} promotes endometrial stromal cells migration and invasion by upregulating autophagy in endometriosis
Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease that shares some characteristics with malignancy like migration and invasion. It has been reported that both hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and autophagy were upregulated in ectopic endometrium of patients with ovarian endometriosis. However, the crosstalk between HIF-1α and autophagy in the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains to be clarified. Accordingly, we investigated whether autophagy was regulated by HIF-1α, as well as whether the effect of HIF-1α on cell migration and invasion is mediated through autophagy upregulation. Here, we fo...
Source: Reproduction - April 25, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liu, H., Zhang, Z., Xiong, W., Zhang, L., Xiong, Y., Li, N., He, H., Du, Y., Liu, Y. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Endo-siRNA deficiency results in oocyte maturation failure and apoptosis in porcine oocytes.
In this study, by knockdown of DICER1, DROSHA and its cofactor DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8 (DGCR8) in porcine oocytes, we found that the proportion of oocytes with DICER1 deficiency that developed to meiosis II (MII) stage was significantly lower than oocytes with DROSHA and DGCR8 deficiency (39.23 versus 68.71 and 71.25% respectively; P<0.05). Oocytes lacking DROSHA and DGCR8 formed a barrel-shaped metaphase I spindle, with chromosomes tightly aligned at the metaphase plate whereas most oocytes (87%) lacking DICER1 showed spindle abnormalities during oocyte in vitro maturation. Furthermore, DICER1 deficiency al...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - April 12, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liu W, Zhao Q, Piao S, Wang C, Kong Q, An T Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

ITGAV (alpha v integrins) bind SPP1 (osteopontin) to support trophoblast cell adhesion
This study determined whether alpha v (av) integrins (ITGAV) directly mediate porcine trophoblast cell adhesion to secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1, also known as osteopontin (OPN)) and examined the temporal/spatial expression of ITGAV, beta 3 (b3, ITGB3) and beta 6 (b6, ITGB6) integrin subunits, and SPP1, at the uterine–placental interface of pigs. Knockdown of ITGAV in porcine Tr (pTr2) cells by siRNA reduced pTr2 attachment to SPP1. In situ hybridization confirmed the presence of ITGAV, ITGB3 and ITGB6 mRNAs in uterine LE and conceptus Tr between Days 9 and 60 of gestation, with no change in the magnitude of expres...
Source: Reproduction - April 6, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Frank, J. W., Seo, H., Burghardt, R. C., Bayless, K. J., Johnson, G. A. Tags: Research Source Type: research

RKIP is decreased in laboring myometrium and modulates inflammation-induced pro-labor mediators
In conclusion, in human primary myometrial cells, RKIP negatively regulates IL1B- and TNF-induced expression and or secretion of pro-inflammatory and pro-labor mediators by inhibiting NF-B RELA activation.
Source: Reproduction - March 8, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lappas, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

miR-361-3p regulates FSH by targeting FSHB in a porcine anterior pituitary cell model
FSH plays an essential role in processes involved in human reproduction, including spermatogenesis and the ovarian cycle. While the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying its synthesis and secretion have been extensively studied, little is known about its posttranscriptional regulation. A bioinformatics analysis from our group indicated that a microRNA (miRNA; miR-361-3p) could regulate FSH secretion by potentially targeting the FSHB subunit. Herein, we sought to confirm these findings by investigating the miR-361-3p-mediated regulation of FSH production in primary pig anterior pituitary cells. Gonadotropin-relea...
Source: Reproduction - January 9, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ye, R.-S., Li, M., Li, C.-Y., Qi, Q.-E., Chen, T., Cheng, X., Wang, S.-B., Shu, G., Wang, L.-N., Zhu, X.-T., Jiang, Q.-Y., Xi, Q.-Y., Zhang, Y.-L. Tags: Research Source Type: research