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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.

Trophoblast cells inhibit neutrophil extracellular trap formation and enhance apoptosis through vasoactive intestinal peptide-mediated pathways
STUDY QUESTION Do human trophoblast cells modulate neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and neutrophil apoptosis through mechanisms involving vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)? SUMMARY ANSWER Trophoblast cells inhibited NET formation and ROS synthesis and enhanced neutrophil apoptosis through VIP-mediated pathways in a model of maternal–placental interaction. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Immune homeostasis maintenance at the maternal–placental interface is mostly coordinated by trophoblast cells. Neutrophil activation and NET formation increases in pregnancies comp...
Source: Human Reproduction - December 17, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Calo, G., Sabbione, F., Vota, D., Paparini, D., Ramhorst, R., Trevani, A., Perez Leiros, C. Tags: Early pregnancy Source Type: research

Serine threonine kinase receptor associated protein regulates early follicle development in the mouse ovary
The molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the development of small, gonadotrophin-independent follicles are poorly understood; however, many studies have highlighted an essential role for TGFB ligands. Canonical TGFB signalling is dependent upon intracellular SMAD proteins that regulate transcription. STRAP has been identified in other tissues as an inhibitor of the TGFB–SMAD signalling pathway. Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine the expression and role of STRAP in the context of early follicle development. Using qPCR, Strap, Smad3 and Smad7 revealed similar expression profiles in immature ovaries f...
Source: Reproduction - December 8, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sharum, I. B., Granados-Aparici, S., Warrander, F. C., Tournant, F. P., Fenwick, M. A. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Homeobox gene TGIF-1 is increased in placental endothelial cells of human fetal growth restriction
In this study, we aimed to specifically compare TGIF-1 mRNA expression in placental ECs isolated from human FGR-affected pregnancies with gestation-matched control pregnancies in two independent cohorts from Australia and Canada and to identify the functional role of TGIF-1 in placental angiogenesis using the human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived cell line, SGHEC-7, and primary human umbilical vein ECs. Real-time PCR revealed that TGIF-1 mRNA expression was significantly increased in ECs isolated from FGR-affected placentae compared with that of controls. The functional roles of TGIF-1 were determined in ECs after ...
Source: Reproduction - September 20, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gunatillake, T., Yong, H. E. J., Dunk, C. E., Keogh, R. J., Borg, A. J., Cartwright, J. E., Whitley, G. S., Murthi, P. Tags: Research Source Type: research

nm23 regulates decidualization through the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathways in mice and humans
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 81370731, 31571551 and 31571190), the Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Education Committee (KJ130309), open funding by the Chongqing Institute for Family Planning (1201) and the Excellent Young Scholars of Chongqing Medical University (CQYQ201302). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Source: Human Reproduction - September 18, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang, X., Fu, L.-J., Liu, X.-Q., Hu, Z.-Y., Jiang, Y., Gao, R.-F., Feng, Q., Lan, X., Geng, Y.-Q., Chen, X.-M., He, J.-L., Wang, Y.-X., Ding, Y.-B. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

A Novel Role for SIRT3 in Regulating Mediators Involved in the Terminal Pathways of Human Labor and Delivery.
In this study, we determined the effect of term labor and pro-inflammatory cytokines on SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 expression in human myometrium. Functional studies were also employed to investigate the effect of siRNA knockdown of SIRTs in regulating inflammation-induced pro-labor mediators. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were used to determine SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 mRNA and protein expression in human myometrium. siRNA knockdown of SIRT3 in myometrial primary cells determined its role in response to inflammatory stimuli IL1B and TNF. SIRT3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in term labori...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 13, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim R, Barker G, Menon R, Lappas M Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

High Estradiol Concentrations Induce Heat Shock Protein 70 Expression and Suppress Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation in Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells.
In conclusion, high E2 concentrations enhance HSF-1 and Hsp70 expression in EECs. The induced Hsp70 forms a complex with IKK-gamma and inhibits pI kappa B-alpha, which consequently suppresses NF-kappa B activation. PMID: 27605343 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 6, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen CD, Chen SU, Chou CH, Chen MJ, Wen WF, Wu SY, Yang YS, Yang JH Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

CREB activity is required for luteinizing hormone ‐induced the expression of EGF‐like factors
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Reproduction and Development - August 31, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yakun Wang, Xiaoqiong Hao, Jing Yang, Jia Li, Meijia Zhang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist mediates toll-like receptor 3-induced inhibition of trophoblast adhesion to endometrial cells in vitro
This study has been only done in vitro. Future in vivo studies will confirm our data. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The findings of this study have a potential clinical application in introducing IL-1RA as one of the diagnostic infertility markers in the endometrium, which can affect the process of embryo adhesion at the time of implantation. Moreover, based on the novel data obtained in the current study, blocking and regulating the MAPK pathway by its inhibitors can be used as a new strategy to prevent and treat virus-induced infertility cases in ART techniques. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST This study was part...
Source: Human Reproduction - August 18, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Montazeri, M., Sanchez-Lopez, J. A., Caballero, I., Maslehat Lay, N., Elliott, S., Fazeli, A. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

Stathmin 1 plays a role in endometrial decidualisation by regulating hypoxia inducible factor-1? and vascular endothelial growth factor during embryo implantation.
Abstract The aim of the present study was to explore the potential mechanism underlying stathmin 1 (Stmn1) regulation of embryo implantation, as a continuation of previous proteomic research. Adult healthy female mice were mated naturally with fertile males. Murine uterine tissue was collected during the peri-implantation period. Local expression of Stmn1 during embryo implantation was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), which showed that Stmn1 was extensively expressed in endometrial glandular epithelium, vascular endothelium, luminal epithelium and the underlying stromal cells at the implantation site on Day...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - July 25, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gou J, Jia J, Feng J, Zhao X, Yi T, Cui T, Li Z Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

Stromal Cell Derived Factor 2 (SDF2): A Novel Protein That Interferes in ER Stress Pathway in Human Placental Cells.
In conclusion, this study identifies a novel factor with the ability to interfere in ER stress proteins, which may contribute to the understanding of ER stress associated with placental-related diseases of pregnancy. PMID: 27335075 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Reproductive Biology - June 21, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lorenzon-Ojea AR, Guzzo CR, Kapidzic M, Fisher SJ, Bevilacqua E Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

A comprehensive transcriptomic view on the role of SMAD4 gene by RNAi-mediated knockdown in porcine follicular granulosa cells
As a key mediator of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, which plays a pivotal role in regulating mammalian reproductive performance, Sma- and Mad-related protein 4 (SMAD4) is closely associated with the development of ovarian follicular. However, current knowledge of the genome-wide view on the role of SMAD4 gene in mammalian follicular granulosa cells (GCs) is still largely unknown. In the present study, RNA-Seq was performed to investigate the effects of SMAD4 knockdown by RNA interference (SMAD4-siRNA) in porcine follicular GCs. A total of 1025 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), incl...
Source: Reproduction - June 5, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang, L., Du, X., Wei, S., Li, D., Li, Q. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Integrin {alpha}4-positive human trophoblast progenitors: functional characterization and transcriptional regulation
This study supported our hypothesis that TBPCs from the chorionic mesenchyme can contribute to the subpopulation of CTBs that reside in the smooth chorion. In the absence of in vivo data, which is difficult to obtain in humans, the results have the limitations common to all in vitro studies. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The accepted view is that progenitors reside among the villous CTB subpopulation. Here, we show that TBPCs also reside in the mesenchymal layer of the smooth chorion throughout gestation. We theorize that they can contribute to the CTB layer in this region. This phenomenon may be particularly importa...
Source: Human Reproduction - May 17, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Genbacev, O., Larocque, N., Ona, K., Prakobphol, A., Garrido-Gomez, T., Kapidzic, M., Barcena, A., Gormley, M., Fisher, S. J. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

CHD1 Regulates Deposition of Histone Variant H3.3 During Bovine Early Embryonic Development.
The objective of this study was to characterize CHD1 expression and elucidate its functional role in preimplantation development using the bovine model. CHD1 mRNA was elevated after meiotic maturation and remains increased through 16-cell stage followed by a sharp decrease at morula to blastocyst stage. Similarly, immunoblot analysis indicated CHD1 protein level is increased after maturation, maintained at high level after fertilization and declined sharply afterwards. CHD1 mRNA level was partially decreased in response to α-amanitin (RNA polymerase II inhibitor) treatment, suggesting CHD1 mRNA in 8-cell embryos is of bot...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 10, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang K, Rajput SK, Wang S, Folger JK, Knott JG, Smith GW Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Optineurin suppression activates the mediators involved in the terminal effector pathways of human labour and delivery.
Abstract Spontaneous preterm birth remains the major cause of neonatal death and morbidity. Studies in non-gestational tissues report that optineurin (OPTN) is critical in the termination of NFKB1 activity and control of inflammation, central features of spontaneous preterm birth. The aims of the present study were to determine: (1) OPTN expression in fetal membranes and the myometrium during labour; (2) the effects of IL1B on OPTN expression in primary myometrial cells; and (3) the effects of OPTN short interference (si) RNA on IL1B-stimulated proinflammatory and prolabour mediators. OPTN mRNA and protein express...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - May 1, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim R, Barker G, Lappas M Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

MicroRNA-183~96~182 Cluster Regulate Bovine Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Transition by Coordinately Targeting FOXO1.
Abstract Large-scale expression profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bovine granulosa cells from dominant and subordinate follicles on Day 19 of the estrous cycle revealed enriched microRNA-183~96~182 (miR-183~96~182) cluster miRNAs in preovulatory dominant follicles that coordinately regulate the forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) gene. However, little is known about the role of this cluster in bovine granulosa cell function. We employed an in vitro granulosa cell culture model to investigate this role. Granulosa cells aspirated from small growing follicles (3-5 mm in diameter) were cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium supple...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - April 26, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gebremedhn S, Salilew-Wondim D, Hoelker M, Rings F, Neuhoff C, Tholen E, Schellander K, Tesfaye D Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research