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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine
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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.
Identification and characterization of HTR-8/SVneo SP cells
Goals: We investigated the side population cells in HTR-8/SVneo to identify the trophoblast stem cell marker, and characterize trophoblast stem cells. Method: We performed microarray expression analysis to search for up-regulated genes in trophoblast stem cell using a set of HTR-8/SVneo side population and non-side population cells. The expression of several candidate trophoblast stem cell markers were investigated by real time PCR, and performed knockdown of up-regulated genes expression using siRNA to analyze the association of up-regulated genes expression with trophoblast phenotype. Finally three dimensional cell cult...
Source: Placenta - September 1, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tetsunori Inagaki, Kiyoko Kato, Soshi Kusunoki, Koichi Tabu, Hitomi Okabe, Izumi Yamada, Tetsuya Taga, Akemi Matsumoto, Toshiaki Takezawa, Shintaro Makino, Satoru Takeda Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research
Notch receptor 1 controls trophoblast proliferation and apoptosis in first trimester villous cytotrophoblasts
Objective: Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway controlling development, tissue homeostasis, differentiation and cell death. Recently, we showed that blocking of canonical Notch signaling increases trophoblast proliferation and accelerates differentiation of isolated villous cytotrophoblasts (vCTBs) towards the extravillous phenotype. Here, we investigated placental localisation of Notch receptor 1 (Notch 1) throughout first trimester pregnancy and studied its role in proliferation and apoptosis using specific blocking antibodies and siRNA-mediated gene silencing in different trophoblast model systems.
Source: Placenta - August 29, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sandra Haider, Martin Knöfler Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research
Identification of proteins directly interacting with the HELLP-syndrome associated lincRNA using ChIRP
The HELLP syndrome is a pregnancy-associated disease inducing hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets in the mother. Although the HELLP symptoms occur in the third trimester in the mother, the origin of the disease can be found in the first trimester fetal placenta. The chromosomal locus on 12q23.2 between PMCH and IGF1 with linkage to the HELLP syndrome contains a 205 kbp long intergenic noncoding RNA with (peri)nuclear expression in the extravillous trophoblast. siRNA-mediated knockdown followed by RNA-sequencing revealed that the HELLP lincRNA activated a large set of genes that are involved in the cell cyc...
Source: Placenta - August 29, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Allerdien Visser, Roel van der Schors, Cees Oudejans, Marie van Dijk Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research
A role for intracellular taurine in promoting trophoblast survival
The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which intracellular taurine promotes CTB survival.
Source: Placenta - August 29, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Michelle Desforges, Susan Greenwood Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research
The cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) transcription factor regulates furin expression during human trophoblast syncytialization
Conclusions: The above results suggest that the FUR transcription is activated by CREB-dependent stimulation of the FUR P1 promoter during human trophoblast syncytialization.Highlights:
Source: Placenta - August 29, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Z. Zhou, R. Wang, X. Yang, X.-Y. Lu, Q. Zhang, Y.-L. Wang, H. Wang, C. Zhu, H.-Y. Lin, H. Wang Tags: Differentiation Source Type: research
MicroRNA-378a-5p Targets Cyclin G2 to Inhibit Fusion and Differentiation in BeWo Cells.
Abstract
MicroRNAs are expressed abundantly in the placenta throughout pregnancy. We have previously reported that miR-378a-5p promoted trophoblast migration and invasion. To further understand the role of miR-378a-5p during placental development, we investigated whether it may regulate the differentiation of syncytiotrophoblast (STB). Using a choriocarcinoma cell line, BeWo, we found that miR-378a-5p was down-regulated during Forskolin-induced STB differentiation. Transfection of a miR-378a-5p mimic into BeWo cells decreased the formation of multinucleated STB, increased E-cadherin, and decreased the expression l...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 13, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Nadeem U, Ye G, Salem M, Peng C Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research
Cellular inhibitors of apoptosis (cIAP) 1 and 2 are increased in placenta from obese pregnant women
Discussion: cIAP1 and cIAP2 expression is increased in placenta from women with pre-existing maternal obesity and in response to treatment with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Functional studies in placental trophoblast cells revealed that cIAPs are involved in TNF-α induced-expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Given the central role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in placental nutrient transport, this data suggest that cIAP1 and cIAP2 may play a role in fetal growth and development.Highlights:
Source: Placenta - August 11, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: M. Lappas Tags: Differentiation and apoptosis Source Type: research
SUMO‐1 plays crucial roles for spindle organization, chromosome congression, and chromosome segregation during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation
In conclusion, our results implied that SUMO‐1 plays crucial roles during oocyte meiotic maturation, specifically involving spindle assembly and chromosome behavior, by regulating kinetochore‐microtubule attachment and the localization of γ‐tubulin, BUBR1, REC8, and securin. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Molecular Reproduction and Development - July 30, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yi‐Feng Yuan, Rui Zhai, Xiao‐Ming Liu, Hamid Ali Khan, Yan‐Hong Zhen, Li‐Jun Huo Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Functions and Transcriptional Regulation of Thrombospondins and Their Interrelationship with Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 in Luteal Cells.
Abstract
Previously we showed luteal stage-specific regulation of angiogenesis modulating factors by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2a). Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and thrombospondins (THBSs) exhibited the most divergent profile of induction by PGF2a. We therefore examined the transcriptional regulation and roles of THBSs in luteal cells and studied their interaction with FGF2. THBSs and their receptors exhibited cell specific expression: THBS1 was the predominant form in luteal endothelial cells (LEC), whereas luteinized granulosa cells (LGC) expressed mostly THBS2. CD36 was confined to LGC, but CD47 did not e...
Source: Reproductive Biology - July 24, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Farberov S, Meidan R Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research
Evidence Supporting a Functional Requirement of SMAD4 for Bovine Preimplantation Embryonic Development: A Potential Link to Embryotropic Actions of Follistatin.
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) superfamily signaling controls various aspects of female fertility. However, the functional roles of TGFbeta-superfamily cognate signal transduction pathway components (e.g. SMAD2/3, SMAD4, SMAD1/5/8) in early embryonic development are not completely understood. We have previously demonstrated pronounced embryotropic actions of the TGFbeta superfamily member-binding protein, follistatin, on oocyte competence in cattle. Given SMAD4 is a common "SMAD" required for both SMAD2/3 and SMAD1/5/8 signaling pathways, the objectives of the present studies were to determine ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 16, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lee KB, Zhang K, Folger JK, Knott JG, Smith GW Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research
Expression of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-2 Within the Immature Rat Ovary and Its Role in Regulating Mitosis and Apoptosis of Spontaneously Immortalized Granulosa Cells.
Abstract
Progesterone receptor membrane component 2 (Pgrmc2) mRNA was detected in the immature rat ovary. By 48 h after eCG, Pgrmc2 mRNA levels decreased by 40% and were maintained at 48 h post hCG. Immunohistochemical studies detected PGRMC2 in oocytes and ovarian surface epithelial, interstitial, thecal, granulosa and luteal cells. PGRMC2 was also present in spontaneously immortalized granulosa cells (SIGCs), localizing to the cytoplasm of interphase cells and apparently to the mitotic spindle of cells in metaphase. Interestingly, PGRMC2 levels appeared to decrease during the G1 stage of the cell cycle. Moreover...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - July 2, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Griffin D, Liu X, Pru C, Pru JK, Peluso JJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research
The Nuclear Receptor NR2F2 Activates Star Expression and Steroidogenesis in Mouse MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig Cells.
In this study, we found that NR2F2 is expressed in the nucleus of some peritubular myoid cells and in interstitial cells, mainly in steroidogenically active adult Leydig cells. In MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig cells, siRNA-mediated NR2F2 knockdown reduces basal steroid production without affecting hormone responsiveness. Consistent with this, we found that STAR mRNA and protein levels were reduced in NR2F2-depleted MA-10 and MLTC-1 cells. Transient transfections of Leydig cells revealed that a -986 bp mouse Star promoter construct was activated 3 fold by NR2F2. Using 5' progressive deletion constructs, we mapped the NR2F2-respon...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - June 4, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mendoza-Villarroel RE, Robert NM, Martin LJ, Brousseau C, Tremblay JJ Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research
JunB/Cyclin-D1 imbalance in placental mesenchymal stromal cells derived from preeclamptic pregnancies with fetal-placental compromise
Conclusions: We described, for the first time, AP-1 expression in PDMSCs derived from physiological and PE placentae. Importantly, we demonstrated that JunB over-expression in PE-PDMSCs affects Cyclin-D1 regulation. Our data suggest a possible contribution of these pathological placental cells to the altered cell cycle regulation typical of preeclamptic placentae.Highlights:
Source: Placenta - April 28, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: A.M. Nuzzo, D. Giuffrida, C. Zenerino, A. Piazzese, E. Olearo, T. Todros, A. Rolfo Tags: Preeclampsia Source Type: research
High concentraction of taurocholic acid induced apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells via overexpression of ERp29 and activation of p38
Abstract: Introduction: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific disease associated with a significant risk of fetal complications. Our previous study using an iTRAQ-based proteomics approach showed that ERp29 was overexpressed in the placenta tissue of ICP patients, which was an apoptosis-related protein and has not been investigated in the pathogenesis of ICP. The aim of this study was to explore the role of ERp29 in the mechanism of apoptosis in the placenta of ICP.Methods: HTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of taurocholic acid (TCA) (0, 10, 50 and 100 ...
Source: Placenta - April 28, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: T. Zhang, C. Zhao, L. Luo, J. Xiang, J. Cheng, T. Wang, D. Chen Tags: Signaling Source Type: research
Extravillous Trophoblast-Associated ADAM12 Exerts Pro-Invasive Properties, Including Induction of Integrin Beta 1-Mediated Cellular Spreading.
Abstract
ADAM12, consisting of a membrane-bound (ADAM12L) and secreted (ADAM12S) form, is exclusively expressed in regenerating and developing tissue as well as in certain cancer types. Strong ADAM12 expression levels have been noticed in the human placenta and deregulated ADAM12S levels were associated with various pregnancy-related disorders including preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. However, the role of ADAM12 in trophoblast motility has not been investigated so far. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the specific function of the protease using different primary trophoblast cell mode...
Source: Reproductive Biology - April 2, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Biadasiewicz K, Fock V, Dekan S, Proestling K, Velicky P, Haider S, Knöfler M, Fröhlich C, Pollheimer J Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research
