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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.

REGULATION OF OVULATORY GENES IN BOVINE GRANULOSA CELLS: LESSONS FROM siRNA SILENCING OF PTGS2.
Abstract Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein-6 (TNFAIP6), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), epidermal growth factor like factors: amphiregulin (AREG) and epiregulin (EREG) are essential for successful ovulation. We compared here the induction of these ovulatory genes in bovine granulosa cells (GCs) in vivo (after LH surge) and in vitro (forskolin treatment). These genes were markedly stimulated in GCs isolated from cows 21hr after LH- surge. In isolated GCs, forskolin induced a distinct temporal profile for each gene. Generally, there was a good agreement between the in viv...
Source: Reproduction - October 16, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Shrestha K, Lukasik K, Baufeld A, Vanselow J, Moallem U, Meidan R Tags: Reproduction Source Type: research

Regulation of ovulatory genes in bovine granulosa cells: lessons from siRNA silencing of PTGS2
In this study, we compared the induction of these ovulatory genes in bovine granulosa cells (GCs) in vivo (after LH surge) and in vitro (forskolin (FRS) treatment). These genes were markedly stimulated in GCs isolated from cows 21 h after LH-surge. In isolated GCs, FRS induced a distinct temporal profile for each gene. Generally, there was a good agreement between the in vivo and in vitro inductions of these genes except for PTX3. Lack of PTX3 induction in isolated GCs culture suggests that other follicular compartments may mediate its induction by LH. Next, to study the role of PTGS2 and prostaglandins (PGs) in the cascad...
Source: Reproduction - November 28, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Shrestha, K., Lukasik, K., Baufeld, A., Vanselow, J., Moallem, U., Meidan, R. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Endo-siRNA deficiency results in oocyte maturation failure and apoptosis in porcine oocytes.
In this study, by knockdown of DICER1, DROSHA and its cofactor DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8 (DGCR8) in porcine oocytes, we found that the proportion of oocytes with DICER1 deficiency that developed to meiosis II (MII) stage was significantly lower than oocytes with DROSHA and DGCR8 deficiency (39.23 versus 68.71 and 71.25% respectively; P<0.05). Oocytes lacking DROSHA and DGCR8 formed a barrel-shaped metaphase I spindle, with chromosomes tightly aligned at the metaphase plate whereas most oocytes (87%) lacking DICER1 showed spindle abnormalities during oocyte in vitro maturation. Furthermore, DICER1 deficiency al...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - April 12, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liu W, Zhao Q, Piao S, Wang C, Kong Q, An T Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

Modulating circulating sFlt1 in an animal model of preeclampsia using PAMAM nanoparticles for siRNA delivery
Excessive circulating sFlt1 plays a major role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). Using RNAi to silence sFlt1 may be a therapy for treating PE. Because of the rapid degradation of siRNA, gene therapy in vivo remains limited. Poly-amidoamine (PAMAM) has been demonstrated to be an excellent nanocarrier for siRNA delivery with no discernible toxicity.
Source: Placenta - August 1, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jun Yu, Jing Jia, Xijiao Guo, Ruibao Chen, Ling Feng Source Type: research

Role of Sirt3 in mitochondrial biogenesis and developmental competence of human in vitro matured oocytes
STUDY QUESTION Does Sirt3 dysfunction result in poor developmental outcomes for human oocytes after in vitro maturation (IVM)? SUMMARY ANSWER Inefficient Sirt3 expression induced decreased mitochondrial DNA copy number and biogenesis, and therefore impaired the developmental competence of human IVM oocytes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Cytoplasmic immaturity in IVM oocytes may lead to reduced developmental competence. Mitochondrial dysfunction results in the accumulation of free radicals and leads to DNA mutations, protein damage, telomere shortening and apoptosis. SIRT3 (in the Sirtuin protein family) has emerged as a mitochon...
Source: Human Reproduction - February 16, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhao, H.-C., Ding, T., Ren, Y., Li, T.-J., Li, R., Fan, Y., Yan, J., Zhao, Y., Li, M., Yu, Y., Qiao, J. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

A comprehensive transcriptomic view on the role of SMAD4 gene by RNAi-mediated knockdown in porcine follicular granulosa cells
As a key mediator of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, which plays a pivotal role in regulating mammalian reproductive performance, Sma- and Mad-related protein 4 (SMAD4) is closely associated with the development of ovarian follicular. However, current knowledge of the genome-wide view on the role of SMAD4 gene in mammalian follicular granulosa cells (GCs) is still largely unknown. In the present study, RNA-Seq was performed to investigate the effects of SMAD4 knockdown by RNA interference (SMAD4-siRNA) in porcine follicular GCs. A total of 1025 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), incl...
Source: Reproduction - June 5, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang, L., Du, X., Wei, S., Li, D., Li, Q. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Functional Characterization of SOX2 in Bovine Preimplantation Embryos.
This study aimed to identify genes upregulated in the inner cell mass (ICM) of bovine blastocysts, and we selected SOX2 for further characterization. Spatial and temporal localization of the SOX2 protein revealed that its expression starts at the 16-cell stage and then becomes restricted to the ICMs of blastocysts. To study the role of SOX2 during the early development of bovine embryos, we designed siRNA to target SOX2. We began by injecting this siRNA into zygotes; the rate at which blastocysts developed declined, compared to non-injected or scramble-injected controls. When only one blastomere of a two-cell embryo was in...
Source: Reproductive Biology - January 3, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Goissis MD, Cibelli JB Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Low MFN2 expression related to ageing in granulosa cells is associated with assisted reproductive technology outcome
ConclusionsLow MFN2 expression levels in granulosa cells were related to ageing, which may be involved in the clinical outcome of ART by promoting cell apoptosis and affecting mitochondrial function.
Source: Reproductive BioMedicine Online - December 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

The role of the osteopontin-integrin {alpha}v{beta}3 interaction at implantation: functional analysis using three different in vitro models
STUDY QUESTION Does the interaction between integrin and its ligand osteopontin (OPN) mediate embryonic attachment to endometrial epithelium at implantation? SUMMARY ANSWER OPN of epithelial origin binds the receptor integrin αvβ3 at the maternal surface to support adhesion during the early stages of implantation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Integrin αvβ3 and OPN are both present in the endometrial luminal epithelium in the mid-secretory phase. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Microscopy of attachment sites of blastocysts (mouse, n = 151, human, n = 8) and OPN- or BSA-coated beads (n = 488) interacting with ...
Source: Human Reproduction - March 11, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kang, Y.-J., Forbes, K., Carver, J., Aplin, J. D. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

H1foo is essential for in vitro meiotic maturation of bovine oocytes.
Abstract Summary Oocyte-specific linker histone, H1foo, is localized on the oocyte chromosomes during the process of meiotic maturation, and is essential for mouse oocyte maturation. Bovine H1foo has been identified, and its expression profile throughout oocyte maturation and early embryo development has been established. However, it has not been confirmed if H1foo is indispensable during bovine oocyte maturation. Effective siRNAs against H1foo were screened in HeLa cells, and then siRNA was microinjected into bovine oocytes to down-regulate H1foo expression. H1foo overexpression was achieved via mRNA injection. R...
Source: Zygote - March 11, 2014 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Yun Y, An P, Ning J, Zhao GM, Yang WL, Lei AM Tags: Zygote Source Type: research

NEDD8-mediated neddylation is required for human endometrial stromal proliferation and decidualization
STUDY QUESTION Does NEDD8-mediated neddylation regulate human endometrial stromal proliferation and decidualization? SUMMARY ANSWER Neddylation inhibition by a selective NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, MLN4924, significantly impairs human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) proliferation and decidualization and facilitates cell senescence, via p21 accumulation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Neddylation regulates cell proliferation and tissue remodeling during embryogenesis and tumorigenesis, while human endometrial stroma undergoes sequential proliferation, differentiation, as well as dynamic tissue remodeling during each menstru...
Source: Human Reproduction - June 18, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liao, Y., Jiang, Y., He, H., Ni, H., Tu, Z., Zhang, S., Wang, B., Lou, J., Quan, S., Wang, H. Tags: Reproductive biology Source Type: research

MCL1 is a key regulator of steroidogenesis in mouse leydig cells
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Reproduction and Development - January 1, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Guang‐Yu Li, Hai‐Yan Lan, Ji‐Hong Liang, Yun‐Cong Mo, Xue‐Lian Deng, Chun‐Yu Lin, Wen‐Yong Su Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

A Novel Role for SIRT3 in Regulating Mediators Involved in the Terminal Pathways of Human Labor and Delivery.
In this study, we determined the effect of term labor and pro-inflammatory cytokines on SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 expression in human myometrium. Functional studies were also employed to investigate the effect of siRNA knockdown of SIRTs in regulating inflammation-induced pro-labor mediators. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR were used to determine SIRT3, SIRT4, SIRT5 and SIRT7 mRNA and protein expression in human myometrium. siRNA knockdown of SIRT3 in myometrial primary cells determined its role in response to inflammatory stimuli IL1B and TNF. SIRT3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in term labori...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - September 13, 2016 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim R, Barker G, Menon R, Lappas M Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Decreased expression of FOXA2 promotes eutopic endometrial cell proliferation and migration in patients with endometriosis
In conclusion, these findings indicate that FOXA2 might be a progesterone-induced gene, which may participate in the ‘metastatic’ process of eutopic endometrium to ectopic loci in patients with endometriosis.
Source: Reproductive BioMedicine Online - December 5, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

Effect of aquaporin 3 knockdown by RNA interference on antrum formation in sheep secondary follicles cultured in vitro.
In conclusion, ovine secondary follicles can be successfully transfected during in vitro culture, and siRNA-mediated attenuation of AQP3 gene reduced antrum formation of secondary follicles. PMID: 30289102 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Zygote - October 5, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Paz MP, de Sousa FGC, Alves BG, Lobo CH, Sales AD, Tavares KCS, de Sá NAR, Guerreiro DD, Maside C, Rocha RMP, Bertolini LR, Bordignon V, de Figueiredo JR, Rodrigues APR Tags: Zygote Source Type: research