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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.

Changes in keratin 8/18 expression in human granulosa cell lineage are associated to cell death/survival events: potential implications for the maintenance of the ovarian reserve
This study describes, for the first time, the existence of sub-populations of primordial follicles on the basis of K8/K18 expression in granulosa cells, and that their proportions change with age. While a progressive increase in K8/K18 expression cannot be ruled out, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that primordial follicles expressing low levels of K8/K18 are preferentially ablated by follicle attrition, while primordial follicles showing high K8/K18 levels are those predominantly recruited into the growing pool. This suggests that K8/K18 expression could constitute a novel factor regulating primordial follicle...
Source: Human Reproduction - February 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) expression promotes lesion proliferation via canonical WNT signaling and indicates lesion borders in extraovarian endometriosis
This study was funded by the Academy of Finland and by Tekes: Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Source: Human Reproduction - February 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

Bromodomain protein BRD4 is increased in human placentas from women with early-onset preeclampsia
In conclusion, these findings suggest BRD4 may play a central role in propagating inflammation and endothelial dysfunction associated with the pathophysiology of early-onset preeclampsia.
Source: Reproduction - May 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liong, S., Barker, G., Lappas, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Long noncoding RNAs exchange during zygotic genome activation in goat.
Abstract In mammals, their proper development during the early cleavage stages strongly relies on the gene products newly transcribed by zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been characterized as key regulators of the ZGA process in mice and human. However, the ZGA stage has not yet been identified and epigenetic regulations of the ZGA process remain largely unknown in goats. Here, we show that ZGA occurred at the 8-cell stage in goats. During ZGA, tri-methylation of H3K9 was dynamically changed but maintained strong staining in development arrested embryos. Using single-cell RNA seq...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Deng M, Wan Y, Liu Z, Ren C, Zhang G, Pang J, Zhang Y, Wang F Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

MiR-126-3p inhibits ovarian cancer proliferation and invasion via targeting PLXNB2.
Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the leading malignancies in women and the 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer still remains poor. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between the miR-126-3p and PLXNB2 in the progression of ovarian cancer. The qRT-PCR data revealed a reduction of miR-126-3p level in ovarian cancer tissues comparing to the adjacent normal tissues. Over-expression of miR-126-3p in ovarian cancer cells suppressed cell proliferation and invasion and the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2. The cell cycle assay results showed that the over-expression of miR-126-3p induced cel...
Source: Reproductive Biology - July 24, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Xiang G, Cheng Y Tags: Reprod Biol Source Type: research

IRF5 is increased in labouring myometrium and regulates pro-labour mediators
Preterm birth continues to be the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidities that can extend into adult life. Few treatment options stem from our incomplete understanding of the mechanisms of human labour and delivery. Activation of the inflammatory response in gestational tissues by inflammation and/or infection leads to the production of pro-inflammatory and pro-labour mediators, thus preterm birth. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) has recently emerged as an important pro-inflammatory transcription factor involved in acute and chronic inflammation. The aims of this study were to determine the expression of ...
Source: Reproduction - August 17, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim, R., Barker, G., Lappas, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Rosiglitazone augments antioxidant response in the human trophoblast and prevents apoptosis.
In this study, we first examined whether rosiglitazone, an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), protects the human trophoblast from oxidative injury by regulating key antioxidant proteins, catalase (CAT) and the superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and SOD2). In first trimester placental explants, localization of CAT was limited to cytotrophoblasts, whereas SOD1 was expressed in both the cyto- and syncytiotrophoblasts. In first trimester placental explants, hypoxia decreased the expression of both SOD1 and SOD2, and increased apoptosis. Treatment with rosiglitazone dose-dependently upregulated anti...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kohan-Ghadr HR, Kilburn BA, Kadam L, Johnson E, Kolb BL, Rodriguez-Kovacs J, Hertz M, Armant DR, Drewlo S Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

HMGA2 is regulated by LIN28 and BRCA1 in human placental cells †.
HMGA2 is regulated by LIN28 and BRCA1 in human placental cells†. Biol Reprod. 2018 Aug 18;: Authors: West RC, McWhorter ES, Ali A, Goetzman LN, Russ JE, Anthony RV, Bouma GJ, Winger QA Abstract The chromatin associated transcription factor HMGA2 is a downstream target of let-7 miRNAs and binds to chromatin to regulate gene expression. Inhibition of let-7 miRNAs by RNA binding proteins LIN28A and LIN28B is necessary during early embryogenesis to ensure stable expression of HMGA2. In addition to LIN28, HMGA2 is regulated by a BRCA1/ZNF350/CtIP repressor complex. In normal tissues, the BRCA1/ZNF350/CtI...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: West RC, McWhorter ES, Ali A, Goetzman LN, Russ JE, Anthony RV, Bouma GJ, Winger QA Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress protects against cisplatin-induced ovarian damage.
CONCLUSIONS: CDDP-induced ERS could promote autophagy and apoptosis in granulosa cells, causing excessive follicle loss and endocrine disorders. Alleviation of ERS with 4-PBA, but not of autophagy with 3-MA, protect against CDDP-induced granulosa cell apoptosis and ovarian damage. Thus, 4-PBA can be used to protect the ovary during chemotherapy in women. PMID: 30176887 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Reproductive Biology - September 3, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wu Y, Ma C, Zhao H, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Wang L Tags: Reprod Biol Endocrinol Source Type: research

Endometriotic inflammatory microenvironment induced by macrophages can be targeted by niclosamide.
Abstract Endometriosis causes severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility. We have recently reported that niclosamide treatment reduces growth and progression of endometriosis-like lesions and inflammatory signaling (NFĸB and STAT3) in a mouse model. In the present study, we examined further inhibitory mechanisms by which niclosamide affects endometriotic lesions using an endometriotic epithelial cell line, 12Z, and macrophages differentiated from a monocytic THP-1 cell line. Niclosamide dose dependently reduced 12Z viability, reduced STAT3 and NFĸB activity, and increased both cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP....
Source: Biology of Reproduction - October 16, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sekulovski N, Whorton AE, Shi M, Ii JAM, Hayashi K Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Uterine RGS2 expression is regulated by exogenous estrogen and progesterone in ovariectomized mice, and down ‐regulation of RGS2 expression in artificial decidualized ESCs inhibits trophoblast spreading in vitro
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Molecular Reproduction and Development - November 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Manxi Jiang, Liangshan Hu, Baoping Wang, Danxia Chen, Yahong Li, Zhen Zhang, Yan Zhu Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

TRIM28 down-regulation on methylation imprints in bovine preimplantation embryos.
In this study, three siRNAs (si647, si742, and si1153) were designed to target the TRIM28 mRNA sequence. After transfection of the mixture of the three siRNA (siMix) into bovine fibroblast cells, the most effective one for TRIM28 knockdown was selected. By injecting RNAi directed against TRIM28 mRNA, we found that TRIM28 knockdown in oocytes had the most effect on the H19 gene, in which differentially methylated region (DMR) methylation was almost completely absent at the 2-cell stage (1.4%), while control embryos showed 74% methylation. In addition, global H3K9me3 levels at the 2-cell stage were significantly higher in th...
Source: Zygote - January 23, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ma X, Zhang S, Zhang M, Zhu Y, Ma P, Yang S, Su L, Li Z, Lv W, Luan W Tags: Zygote Source Type: research

Role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulated by twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 (Twist2) in embryo implantation in mice.
Abstract In a previous study we found the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, including E-cadherin and N-cadherin, was significantly altered in uterine endometrium during embryo implantation via regulation by microRNA (miRNA)-429 and protocadherin-8 (Pcdh8). As a natural continuation of the previous study, the aim of the present study was to explore the role of EMT during embryo implantation and the potential activity of twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 (Twist2) in regulating embryo implantation. A pregnancy model was established by naturally mating adult female ICR...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - February 20, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gou J, Hu T, Li L, Xue L, Zhao X, Yi T, Li Z Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research

GIT2 deficiency attenuates inflammation induced expression of pro-labor mediators in human amnion and myometrial cells.
Abstract Untimely activation of the inflammatory response by sterile or infective insults in uterine tissues can result in preterm birth. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathogenic activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiates a biochemical cascade of events leading to myometrial activation and contractility, cervical dilatation, and rupture of the chorioamniotic membranes. GIT2 is a signaling protein known to play a role in innate and adaptive immunity; however, its role in the inflammatory pathways of human labor are not known. In this article, we report that GIT2 expression is lower in human myometrium and ...
Source: Reproductive Biology - March 26, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim R, Lappas M Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Androgens regulate follicle stage-dependent pro- and anti-apoptosis in teleost ovaries through ZIP9 activation of different G proteins †.
This study demonstrates that ZIP9 mediates opposite survival responses of croaker G/T cells by activating different G proteins in a follicle stage-dependent manner. PMID: 31074766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 9, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Converse A, Thomas P Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research