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Specialty: Reproduction Medicine

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Total 316 results found since Jan 2013.

Alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress protects against cisplatin-induced ovarian damage.
CONCLUSIONS: CDDP-induced ERS could promote autophagy and apoptosis in granulosa cells, causing excessive follicle loss and endocrine disorders. Alleviation of ERS with 4-PBA, but not of autophagy with 3-MA, protect against CDDP-induced granulosa cell apoptosis and ovarian damage. Thus, 4-PBA can be used to protect the ovary during chemotherapy in women. PMID: 30176887 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Reproductive Biology - September 3, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wu Y, Ma C, Zhao H, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Wang L Tags: Reprod Biol Endocrinol Source Type: research

Rosiglitazone augments antioxidant response in the human trophoblast and prevents apoptosis.
In this study, we first examined whether rosiglitazone, an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), protects the human trophoblast from oxidative injury by regulating key antioxidant proteins, catalase (CAT) and the superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and SOD2). In first trimester placental explants, localization of CAT was limited to cytotrophoblasts, whereas SOD1 was expressed in both the cyto- and syncytiotrophoblasts. In first trimester placental explants, hypoxia decreased the expression of both SOD1 and SOD2, and increased apoptosis. Treatment with rosiglitazone dose-dependently upregulated anti...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kohan-Ghadr HR, Kilburn BA, Kadam L, Johnson E, Kolb BL, Rodriguez-Kovacs J, Hertz M, Armant DR, Drewlo S Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

HMGA2 is regulated by LIN28 and BRCA1 in human placental cells †.
HMGA2 is regulated by LIN28 and BRCA1 in human placental cells†. Biol Reprod. 2018 Aug 18;: Authors: West RC, McWhorter ES, Ali A, Goetzman LN, Russ JE, Anthony RV, Bouma GJ, Winger QA Abstract The chromatin associated transcription factor HMGA2 is a downstream target of let-7 miRNAs and binds to chromatin to regulate gene expression. Inhibition of let-7 miRNAs by RNA binding proteins LIN28A and LIN28B is necessary during early embryogenesis to ensure stable expression of HMGA2. In addition to LIN28, HMGA2 is regulated by a BRCA1/ZNF350/CtIP repressor complex. In normal tissues, the BRCA1/ZNF350/CtI...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - August 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: West RC, McWhorter ES, Ali A, Goetzman LN, Russ JE, Anthony RV, Bouma GJ, Winger QA Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

IRF5 is increased in labouring myometrium and regulates pro-labour mediators
Preterm birth continues to be the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidities that can extend into adult life. Few treatment options stem from our incomplete understanding of the mechanisms of human labour and delivery. Activation of the inflammatory response in gestational tissues by inflammation and/or infection leads to the production of pro-inflammatory and pro-labour mediators, thus preterm birth. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) has recently emerged as an important pro-inflammatory transcription factor involved in acute and chronic inflammation. The aims of this study were to determine the expression of ...
Source: Reproduction - August 17, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim, R., Barker, G., Lappas, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

MiR-126-3p inhibits ovarian cancer proliferation and invasion via targeting PLXNB2.
Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the leading malignancies in women and the 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer still remains poor. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between the miR-126-3p and PLXNB2 in the progression of ovarian cancer. The qRT-PCR data revealed a reduction of miR-126-3p level in ovarian cancer tissues comparing to the adjacent normal tissues. Over-expression of miR-126-3p in ovarian cancer cells suppressed cell proliferation and invasion and the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2. The cell cycle assay results showed that the over-expression of miR-126-3p induced cel...
Source: Reproductive Biology - July 24, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Xiang G, Cheng Y Tags: Reprod Biol Source Type: research

Long noncoding RNAs exchange during zygotic genome activation in goat.
Abstract In mammals, their proper development during the early cleavage stages strongly relies on the gene products newly transcribed by zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been characterized as key regulators of the ZGA process in mice and human. However, the ZGA stage has not yet been identified and epigenetic regulations of the ZGA process remain largely unknown in goats. Here, we show that ZGA occurred at the 8-cell stage in goats. During ZGA, tri-methylation of H3K9 was dynamically changed but maintained strong staining in development arrested embryos. Using single-cell RNA seq...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - May 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Deng M, Wan Y, Liu Z, Ren C, Zhang G, Pang J, Zhang Y, Wang F Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Bromodomain protein BRD4 is increased in human placentas from women with early-onset preeclampsia
In conclusion, these findings suggest BRD4 may play a central role in propagating inflammation and endothelial dysfunction associated with the pathophysiology of early-onset preeclampsia.
Source: Reproduction - May 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Liong, S., Barker, G., Lappas, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) expression promotes lesion proliferation via canonical WNT signaling and indicates lesion borders in extraovarian endometriosis
This study was funded by the Academy of Finland and by Tekes: Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Source: Human Reproduction - February 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

Changes in keratin 8/18 expression in human granulosa cell lineage are associated to cell death/survival events: potential implications for the maintenance of the ovarian reserve
This study describes, for the first time, the existence of sub-populations of primordial follicles on the basis of K8/K18 expression in granulosa cells, and that their proportions change with age. While a progressive increase in K8/K18 expression cannot be ruled out, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that primordial follicles expressing low levels of K8/K18 are preferentially ablated by follicle attrition, while primordial follicles showing high K8/K18 levels are those predominantly recruited into the growing pool. This suggests that K8/K18 expression could constitute a novel factor regulating primordial follicle...
Source: Human Reproduction - February 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

miR-210 and GPD1L regulate EDN2 in primary and immortalized human granulosa-lutein cells
This study highlights the novel regulatory roles of miR-210 and its gene target, GPD1L, in hypoxia and cAMP-induced EDN2 by human granulosa-lutein cells.
Source: Reproduction - January 30, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Shrestha, K., Onasanya, A. E., Eisenberg, I., Wigoda, N., Yagel, S., Yalu, R., Meidan, R., Imbar, T. Tags: Research Source Type: research

PARK7 regulates inflammation-induced pro-labour mediators in myometrial and amnion cells
Preterm birth is a prevalent cause of neonatal deaths worldwide. Inflammation has been implicated in spontaneous preterm birth involved in the processes of uterine contractility and membrane rupture. Parkinson protein 7 (PARK7) has been found to play an inflammatory role in non-gestational tissues. The aims of this study were to determine the expression of PARK7 in myometrium and fetal membranes with respect to term labour onset and to elucidate the effect of PARK7 silencing in primary myometrium and amnion cells on pro-inflammatory and pro-labour mediators. PARK7 mRNA expression was higher in term myometrium and fetal mem...
Source: Reproduction - January 22, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim, R., Barker, G., Lappas, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Porcine Parvovirus infection impairs progesterone production in Luteal Cells through MAPKs, p53 and mitochondria-mediated Apoptosis.
Abstract Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a major virus leading to fetal death in swine. However, the effects of PPV infection on sows are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PPV on porcine steroidogenic luteal cells (SLCs) survival and functions and underlying mechanisms. In vivo experiment results showed artificial infection of PPV significantly reduced the concentration of serum progesterone and induced histopathological lesions and SLCs apoptosis in porcine corpora luteum. In vitro cultured primary porcine SLCs, PPV could infect and replicate in SLCs and induced SLCs apoptosis...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - January 18, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhang J, Luo X, Du Q, Chang L, Zhao X, Huang Y, Tong D Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

CDKN1C (P57): one of the determinants of human endometrial stromal cell decidualization.
Abstract Decidualization is regulated by crosstalk of progesterone and the cAMP pathway. It involves extensive reprogramming of gene expression and includes a wide range of functions. To investigate how cell cycle regulatory genes drive the human endometrial stromal cell (ESC) exit cell cycle and enter differentiation, primary cultured ESC was treated with 8-Br-cAMP and MPA and cell cycle distribution was investigated by flow cytometry. High-throughput cell cycle regulatory gene expression was also studied by microarray. To validate the results of microarray chip, immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative method ...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - January 9, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wang L, Yang H, Hu L, Hu D, Ma S, Sun X, Jiang L, Song J, Ji L, Masau JF, Zhang H, Qian K Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research

Decreased expression of FOXA2 promotes eutopic endometrial cell proliferation and migration in patients with endometriosis
In conclusion, these findings indicate that FOXA2 might be a progesterone-induced gene, which may participate in the ‘metastatic’ process of eutopic endometrium to ectopic loci in patients with endometriosis.
Source: Reproductive BioMedicine Online - December 5, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research

De novo transcription of thyroid hormone receptors is essential for early bovine embryo development in vitro.
In conclusion, THRs are transcribed soon after fertilisation, before major activation of the embryonic genome, and they are essential for bovine embryo development in vitro. PMID: 29179810 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - November 28, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Rho NY, Ashkar FA, Revay T, Madan P, Rho GJ, King WA, Favetta LA Tags: Reprod Fertil Dev Source Type: research