Immuno-modulatory role of baicalin in atherosclerosis prevention and treatment: current scenario and future directions
Front Immunol. 2024 Apr 18;15:1377470. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377470. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTAtherosclerosis (AS) is recognized as a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by the accumulation of lipids and inflammatory cells within the damaged walls of arterial vessels. It is a significant independent risk factor for ischemic cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Despite the availability of current treatments such as statins, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, and lifestyle modifications for prevention, AS remains a leading cause of morbidity and ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 3, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Li Wang Shenyi Huang Xiaolun Liang Junliang Zhou Yifan Han Jiangshan He Danping Xu Source Type: research
< em > Panax notoginseng < /em > Saponins Activate Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 to Inhibit Ferroptosis and Attenuate Inflammatory Injury in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PNS on ferroptosis and inflammation in CIRI. We induced ferroptosis in SH-SY5Y cells via erastin stimulation and oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Furthermore, we determined the effect of PNS treatment in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion and assessed the underlying mechanism. We also analyzed the changes in the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins and inflammatory factors in the established rat model. OGD/R led to an increase in the levels of ferroptosis markers in SH-SY5Y cells, which were reduced by PNS treatm...
Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine - May 3, 2024 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Lin-Lin Wang Man-Lin Kang Can-Wen Liu Liang Liu Biao Tang Source Type: research
Concentration-Dependent Effects of Boric Acid on Osteogenic Differentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 May 3. doi: 10.1007/s12011-024-04204-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVascular calcification can be triggered by oxidative stress and inflammation. Although boron possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its effect on osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has yet to be examined. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of boric acid (BA), the main form of boron in body fluids, on the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs. Following the isolation of VSMCs, the effects of BA on cell proliferation were determined by MTT. The impact of various BA concentr...
Source: Cell Research - May 3, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Osama Al Khalif G ülay Sezer Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 2132: Integrated Approach of Life Cycle Assessment and Experimental Design in the Study of A Model Organic Reaction: New Perspectives in Renewable Vanillin-Derived Chemicals
Roberto Rosa
This work is focused on performing a quantitative assessment of the environmental impacts associated with an organic synthesis reaction, optimized using an experimental design approach. A nucleophilic substitution reaction was selected, employing vanillin as the substrate, a phenolic compound widely used in the food industry and of pharmaceutical interest, considering its antioxidant and antitumoral potential. To carry out the reaction, three different solvents have been chosen, namely acetonitrile (ACN), acetone (Ace), and dimethylformamide (DMF). The syntheses were planned with the aid of a multivariate...
Source: Molecules - May 3, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chiara Ruini Erika Ferrari Caterina Durante Giulia Lanciotti Paolo Neri Anna Maria Ferrari Roberto Rosa Tags: Article Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 2128: Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activity of the Vegetative Buds from Romanian Spruce, Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.
This study aims to investigate the vegetative buds from Picea abies (spruce), naturally found in a central region of Romania, through a comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition to identify bioactive compounds responsible for pharmacological properties. Using HPLC/derivatization technique of GC-MS and quantitative spectrophotometric assays, the phenolic profile, and main components of an ethanolic extract from the buds were investigated. The essential oil was characterized by GC-MS. Moreover, the antioxidant activity with the DPPH method, and the antimicrobial activity were tested. Heavy metal detection was perfor...
Source: Molecules - May 3, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Roxana Colette Sandulovici Mona Luciana G ălăţanu Luiza M ădălina Cima Emilia Panus Elena Tru ţă Carmen Marinela Mih ăilescu Iulian S ârbu Daniel Cord Mirela Claudia R îmbu Ştefan Alexandru Anghelache Mariana Pan ţuroiu Tags: Article Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 2116: Semisynthesis of Betaxanthins from Purified Betacyanin of Opuntia dillenii sp.: Color Stability and Antiradical Capacity
This study investigates the high-yielding semisynthesis of betaxanthins using betalamic acid from a natural source (Opuntia dillenii), followed by condensation with &#671;&minus;amino acids and further purification. Moreover, the color stability of the four synthesized individual betaxanthins, namely proline (&#671;&minus;ProBX), alanine (&#671;&minus;AlaBX), leucine (&#671;&minus;LeuBX), and phenylalanine (&#671;&minus;PheBX) betaxanthins, was investigated at different pHs. Their relative contribution to free radical scavenging was also scruti...
Source: Molecules - May 3, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Silvia Cruz Neyder Checa Hugo Tovar Mar ía Jesús Cejudo-Bastante Francisco J. Heredia Nelson Hurtado Tags: Article Source Type: research
New Advances in the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Lithium: A Neurobiologically Oriented Overview
Pharmacol Rev. 2024 May 2;76(3):323-357. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000007.ABSTRACTOver the last six decades, lithium has been considered the gold standard treatment for the long-term management of bipolar disorder due to its efficacy in preventing both manic and depressive episodes as well as suicidal behaviors. Nevertheless, despite numerous observed effects on various cellular pathways and biologic systems, the precise mechanism through which lithium stabilizes mood remains elusive. Furthermore, there is recent support for the therapeutic potential of lithium in other brain diseases. This review offers a comprehensive ex...
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - May 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Analia Bortolozzi Giovanna Fico Michael Berk Marco Solmi Michele Fornaro Joao Quevedo Carlos A Zarate Lars V Kessing Eduard Vieta Andre F Carvalho Source Type: research
Panax ginseng Ameliorates Pituitary-Ovarian Dysfunction Induced by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation from Cell Phones via Upregulation of the CREM Signaling Pathway
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicate that P. ginseng extract shields against pituitary-ovarian impairment linked to RF-EMR exposure from cell phones by boosting antioxidant capacity and promoting the CREM-dependent pathway.PMID:38693729 | DOI:10.2174/0115701638279386240425050818 (Source: Current Drug Discovery Technologies)
Source: Current Drug Discovery Technologies - May 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Oyetunji A Oyewopo Olabimpe C Badejogbin Isaac O Ajadi Linus A Enye Mary B Ajadi Ikponmwosa V Ebuwa Olutunmise V Owolabi Stephanie E Areloegbe Kehinde S Olaniyi Source Type: research
A Role of ROS-dependent Defects in Mitochondrial Dynamic and Autophagy in Carbon Black Nanoparticle-mediated Myocardial Cell Damage
This study explored the mechanisms of CBNPs-mediated myocardial toxicity. CBNPs were given to mice through intra-tracheal instillation and it was demonstrated that the particles can be taken up into the cardiac tissue. Exposure to CBNPs induced cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis. In combination with in vitro experiments, we showed that CBNPs increased the ROS and induced mitochondria fragmentation. Functionally, CBNPs-exposed cardiomyocyte exhibited depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and activation of pro-apoptotic BAX, thereby initiating programmed cell death. On the oth...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 2, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Zehua Xu Jing Li Bowen Su Hongying Gao Miaomiao Ren Yi Lin Heqing Shen Source Type: research
Changes in life history parameters and expression of key genes of Brachionus plicatilis exposed to a combination of organic and inorganic ultraviolet filters
This study aimed to assess the comprehensive effects of organic ultraviolet filters, specifically 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC), and inorganic ultraviolet filters, namely, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. We exposed B. plicatilis to multiple combinations of different concentrations of EHMC and TiO2 NPs to observe changes in life history parameters and the expression of genes related to reproduction and antioxidant responses. Our findings indicated that increased EHMC concentrations significantly delayed the age at first reproduction, reduced the total offspring, and ...
Source: Chemosphere - May 2, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Qingqing Yu Gongyuan Wang Zhihao Shao Yunfei Sun Zhou Yang Source Type: research
Combined effects of organic and mineral UV-filters on the lugworm Arenicola marina
Chemosphere. 2024 Apr 30:142184. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142184. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPollution from personal care products, such as UV-filters like avobenzone and nano-zinc oxide (nZnO), poses a growing threat to marine ecosystems. To better understand this hazard, especially for lesser-studied sediment-dwelling marine organisms, we investigated the physiological impacts of simultaneous exposure to nZnO and avobenzone on the lugworm Arenicola marina. Lugworms were exposed to nZnO, avobenzone, or their combination for three weeks. We assessed pollutant-induced metabolic changes by measuring key metabolic i...
Source: Chemosphere - May 2, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Torben Bruhns Candela S ánchez-Girón Barba Lilian K önig Stefan Timm Kathrin Fisch Inna M Sokolova Source Type: research
Physiological and biochemical response in green mussel Perna viridis subjected to continuous chlorination: Perspective on cooling water discharge criteria
Chemosphere. 2024 Apr 30:142191. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142191. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHeavy infestation by Perna viridis has been observed in the sub-seabed seawater intake tunnel and CWS of a tropical coastal power station in-spite of continuous low dose chlorination regime (0.2 ± 0.1 mg L-1) (CLDC), indicating periodical settlement and growth. Continuous arrival of mussels (colonized in the sub seabed tunnel intake section) at the pump house indicated that the mussels were able to tolerate and survive in a chlorinated environment, for varying time periods and were dislodged when they become weak and sub...
Source: Chemosphere - May 2, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Bandita Badakumar D Inbakandan S Venkatnarayanan T V Krishna Mohan Y V Nancharaiah N K Pandey P Veeramani P Sriyutha Murthy Source Type: research
High potential extracts from cocoa byproducts through sonotrode optimal extraction and a comprehensive characterization
Ultrason Sonochem. 2024 Apr 26;106:106887. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106887. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCocoa pod husk (CPH) and cocoa bean shell (CBS) are by-products obtained during pre-processing and processing of cocoa beans. Several bioactive compounds have been identified in these by-products that can be used for commercial applications as a way to promote the circular economy. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to recover bioactive compounds from CPH and CBS by sonoextraction process, to determine the type, content, and antioxidant activity in optimized extracts. To achieve our purpose, an optimization...
Source: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry - May 2, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fernando Ramos-Escudero Alejandro Rojas-Garc ía Mar ía de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea Antonio Segura-Carretero Source Type: research
Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of pectin fractions extracted from lemon (Citrus Eureka) peels
In conclusion, this study presents a novel method for extracting various lemon pectin fractions with unique structural and bioactive properties, contributing insights for advanced applications in the food and pharmaceutical sectors.PMID:38697443 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132014 (Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules)
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - May 2, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhipeng Su Yuchen Liu Lingtao Kang Xia Chang Xinjia Tan Dan Shen Xue Wang Hong-Hui Wang Gaoyang Li Source Type: research
Fractionation and characterisation of sialylated-mucin glycoprotein from edible birds' nest hydrolysates through anion exchange chromatography
In conclusion, a positively charged fraction (CF1 and DF 1) showed more desired physicochemical properties and antioxidative activities. This research suggests the potential of AEC fractionation as a technology to purify EBN and produce positively charged EBN fractionates with antioxidative potential that could be applied as food components to provide health benefits.PMID:38697414 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132022 (Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules)
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - May 2, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sue Lian Mun Zhi Yin Ter Rafidah Mohd Ariff Nur Farhana Abd Rahman Lee Sin Chang Jalifah Latip Abdul Salam Babji Seng Joe Lim Source Type: research
