What Causes Mediastinal Masses?
Discussion
The mediastinum resides in the chest and is the space bounded by the thoracic inlet cephalically, diaphragm caudally, sternum anteriorly and transverse process of the spine posteriorly, and mediastinal pleura and lungs laterally. It is divided into various compartments:
Superior mediastinum
Bounded by the thoracic inlet cephalically and a horizontal plane passing from the manubriosternal joint to the junction of T4/T5 vertebrae horizontally.
Structures include: esophagus, trachea, parts of great vessels and first branches, great veins and initial branches, thymus, vagus, phrenic and other nerves, thoracic duct and lymph nodes
Inferior mediastinum
Bounded by the superior mediastinal compartment to the diaphragm caudally. It is divided into 3 main compartments anterior to posterior
Anterior (prevascular) compartment from the sternum to anterior heart border posteriorly. Structures include: thymus, lymph nodes and fat
Medial (visceral) compartment from the anterior compartment to 1 cm before the spinal vertebral body. Structures include: heart, parts of great vessels, pericardium, trachea and main bronchi, lymph nodes and phrenic nerve
Posterior (paravertebral) compartment from 1 cm before the spinal vertebral body through the chest to the transverse processes of the vertebral body. Structures include: some parts of vessels including descending aorta, azygous and hemiazygous veins, esophagus, thoracic duct, vagus and autonomic nerves
Hodgkin’s lymphom...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news
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