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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.

Role of BMAL1 and CLOCK in regulating the secretion of melatonin in chick retina under monochromatic green light.
Abstract As the circadian pacemaker of birds, the retina possesses the ability to receive light information, generate circadian oscillation, and secrete melatonin. Previous studies have confirmed that monochromatic green light can accelerate the circadian rhythmic expression of clock genes in the chick retina, thereby increasing cAanat mRNA level and melatonin secretion. However, as the core components of the transcriptional-translational negative feedback loop, the role that cBmal1 and cClock plays in the regulation of the retinal molecular clock system and melatonin secretion under monochromatic green light is u...
Source: Chronobiology International - October 28, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Bian J, Wang Z, Dong Y, Cao J, Chen Y Tags: Chronobiol Int Source Type: research

Rab3Gap1 mediates exocytosis of Claudin-1 and tight junction formation during epidermal barrier acquisition.
Abstract Epidermal barrier acquisition during late murine gestation is accompanied by an increase in Akt kinase activity and cJun dephosphorlyation. The latter is directed by the Ppp2r2a regulatory subunit of the Pp2a phosphatase. This was accompanied by a change of Claudin-1 localisation to the cell surface and interaction between Occludin and Claudin-1 which are thought to be required for tight junction formation. The aim of this study was to determine the nature of the barrier defect caused by the loss of AKT/Ppp2r2a function. There was a paracellular barrier defect in rat epidermal keratinocytes expressing a P...
Source: Developmental Biology - May 16, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Youssef G, Gerner L, Naeem AS, Ralph O, Ono M, O'Neill CA, O'Shaughnessy RF Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: research

SIRT1 Activation by Curcumin Pre-treatment Attenuates Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage Induced by Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury.
This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of Cur pre-treatment on myocardial IRI and to elucidate this potential mechanism. Isolated and in vivo rat hearts and cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were subjected to IR. Prior to this procedure, the hearts or cardiomyocytes were exposed to Cur in the absence or presence of the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol or SIRT1 siRNA. Cur conferred a cardio-protective effect, as shown by improved post-ischemic cardiac function, decreased myocardial infarct size, decreased myocardial apoptotic index and several biochemical parameters, including the up-regulation of the anti-...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 20, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Yang Y, Duan W, Lin Y, Yi W, Liang Z, Yan J, Wang N, Deng C, Zhang S, Li Y, Chen W, Yu S, Yi D, Jin Z Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Retinoid X receptor-mediated transdifferentiation cascade in budding tunicates.
This study investigated the gene cascade regulating such RA-triggered transdifferentiation in tunicates. Genes encoding retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) were induced during transdifferentiation, and they responded to all-trans RA or 13-cis RA in vivo, whereas 9-cis RA had the least effects, demonstrating differences in the ligand preference between budding tunicates and vertebrates. In contrast to RAR mRNA, RXR mRNA could induce transdifferentiation-related genes such as RXR itself, ERK, and MYC in an RA-dependent manner and also induced β-catenin (β-CTN) RA-independently when it was introduced ...
Source: Developmental Biology - October 9, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Kawamura K, Shiohara M, Kanda M, Fujiwara S Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: research

The glutaredoxin/S-glutathionylation axis regulates interleukin 17A-induced pro-inflammatory responses in lung epithelial cells in association with S-glutathionylation of Nuclear Factor kappa B family proteins.
In this study, we sought to determine the impacts of S-glutathionylation on IL-17A-induced NF-κB activation and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators. C10 mouse lung alveolar epithelial cells, or primary mouse tracheal epithelial cells exposed to IL-17A show rapid activation of NF-κB, and the induction of pro-inflammatory genes. Upon IL-17A exposure, sulfenic acid formation and S-glutathionylated proteins increased. Assessment of S-glutathionylation of NF-κB pathway components revealed S-glutathionylation of RelA (RelA-SSG) and inhibitory kappa B kinase alpha (IKKα-SSG) after stimulation with IL-17A. SiRNA-mediated ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 6, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Nolin JD, Tully JE, Hoffman SM, Guala AS, van der Velden JL, Poynter ME, van der Vliet A, Anathy V, Janssen-Heininger YM Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Induction of heme oxygenase-1 contributes to survival of Mycobacterium abscessus in human macrophages-like THP-1 cells
Publication date: Available online 20 January 2015 Source:Redox Biology Author(s): Maher Y. Abdalla , Iman M. Ahmad , Barbara Switzer , Bradley E. Britigan Mycobacterium abscessus (M.abs) is a rapidly growing mycobacterial species that infects macrophages, and is an important pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis. We studied the early stages of M.abs infection of macrophages, with emphasis on the role of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in this infection. THP-1 cells were activated using TPA into macrophage-like cells and infected with M.abs for different time points. M.abs infection robustly induced HO-1 expression in the TH...
Source: Redox Biology - January 23, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Short nucleotide sequences in herpesviral genomes identical to the human DNA
Publication date: 7 May 2015 Source:Journal of Theoretical Biology, Volume 372 Author(s): Felix Filatov , Alexander Shargunov In 2010, we described many similar DNA sequences in human and viral genomes, including herpesviral ones. The data obtained allowed us to suggest that these motifs may provide the antiviral protection by mating with a complementary potential target and destroying it by the catalytic way like small interfering RNA, siRNA. Since we have analyzed these viruses as a group, two major issues seemed to us curious: (1) the number of such motifs in genomes of various herpesvirus types, and (2) distribution ...
Source: Journal of Theoretical Biology - March 12, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Adiponectin Ameliorates Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dysfunction by Concomitantly Activating Nrf2 and Brg1.
Abstract Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is implicated in the development of cardiomyopathy in diabetes that is associated with reduced adiponectin (APN) and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1). Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) assists nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) to activate HO-1 to increase myocardial antioxidant capacity in response to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that reduced adiponectin (APN) impairs HO-1 induction which contributes to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and that supplementation of APN may ameliorate diabetic cardiomyopathy by activating HO-1 through Nrf2 and Brg1 in ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - March 17, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Li H, Yao W, Irwin MG, Wang T, Wang S, Zhang L, Xia Z Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

The Involvement of p62-Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidative signaling pathway and JNK in the protection of natural flavonoid quercetin against hepatotoxicity.
Abstract Quercetin, one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids, is reported to have protective function against various hepatotoxicants-induced hepatotoxicity. The present study aims to investigate the critical role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidative signaling pathway in the protection of quercetin against hepatotoxicity. Quercetin prevented the cytotoxicity induced by a variety of hepatotoxicants including clivorine (Cliv), acetaminophen (APAP), ethanol, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and toosendanin (TSN) in human normal liver L-02 cells. Quercetin induced the nuclear translocatio...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 13, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Ji LL, Sheng YC, Zheng ZY, Shi L, Wang ZT Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Role of eukaryotic translation initiation factors 3a in hypoxia-induced right ventricular remodeling of rats
Publication date: Available online 2 December 2015 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Wen-Qun Li, Xiao-Hui Li, Yue-Han Wu, Jie Du, Ai-Ping Wang, Dai Li, Yuan-Jian Li Aim Eukaryotic translation initiation factors 3a (eIF3a) is involved in regulating cell cycle, cell division, growth and differentiation. Previous studies suggest a role of eIF3a on fibrosis disease and cellular proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts. The present study aims to investigate the role of eIF3a on hypoxia-induced right ventricular (RV) remodeling and underlying mechanism. Main methods RV remodeling was induced by hypoxia (10% O2, 3...
Source: Life Sciences - December 3, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Minichromosome maintenance protein 7 regulates phagocytosis in kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicas against white spot syndrome virus
In this study, we aimed to further research the MCM7 of kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus (mjMCM7) and determine its role in the innate immune system. To this end, we cloned the entire 2307-bp mjMCM7 sequence, including a 1974-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 658-aa-long protein. Real-time PCR showed that the gene was primarily expressed in the hemolymph and hepatopancreas and over-expressed in shrimp challenged with WSSV. Gene function study was carried out by knocking down the expression of MCM7 using small interference RNA (siRNA). The results revealed that β-actin, hemocyanin, prophenoloxidase (proPO) and tu...
Source: Fish and Shellfish Immunology - June 11, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Angiotensin(1-7) attenuated Angiotensin II-induced hepatocyte EMT by inhibiting NOX-derived H2O2-activated NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1 β/Smad circuit.
Angiotensin(1-7) attenuated Angiotensin II-induced hepatocyte EMT by inhibiting NOX-derived H2O2-activated NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β/Smad circuit. Free Radic Biol Med. 2016 Jul 18; Authors: Zhang LL, Huang S, Ma XX, Zhang WY, Wang D, Jin SY, Zhang YP, Li Y, Li X Abstract Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is correlated with NAPDH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS-induced NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a novel mechanism of EMT. Angiotensin II (AngII) induces EMT by regulating intracellular ROS. Nevertheless, it has not been reported w...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 17, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang LL, Huang S, Ma XX, Zhang WY, Wang D, Jin SY, Zhang YP, Li Y, Li X Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

SIRT1 regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced CD40 expression in renal medullary collecting duct cells by suppressing the TLR4-NF- κB signaling pathway
Publication date: Available online 1 December 2016 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Qin-qin Lin, Yuan-wen Geng, Zhong-wei Jiang, Zhen-jun Tian Aims Recent evidence indicates that sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase, exerts a protective effect against inflammatory kidney injury by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines production. The co-stimulatory molecule, CD40, is expressed in a variety of inflammatory diseases in the kidney. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential effect of SIRT1 on CD40 expression induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to disclose the underlying mechanisms in renal inner medullary coll...
Source: Life Sciences - November 30, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Discovery of a novel oocyte-specific Kr üppel-associated box domain-containing zinc finger protein required for early embryogenesis in cattle
Publication date: Available online 2 March 2017 Source:Mechanisms of Development Author(s): Jacqelyn M. Hand, Kun Zhang, Lei Wang, Prasanthi P. Koganti, Kristen Mastrantoni, Sandeep K. Rajput, Mohamed Ashry, George W. Smith, Jianbo Yao Zinc finger (ZNF) transcription factors interact with DNA through zinc finger motifs and play important roles in a variety of cellular functions including cell growth, proliferation, development, apoptosis, and intracellular signal transduction. One-third of ZNF proteins in metazoans contain a highly conserved N-terminal motif known as the Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) domain, which acts a...
Source: Mechanisms of Development - March 2, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The THO Complex Non-Cell-Autonomously Represses Female Germline Specification through the TAS3-ARF3 Module.
Abstract In most sexually reproducing plants, a single somatic, sub-epidermal cell in an ovule is selected to differentiate into a megaspore mother cell, which is committed to giving rise to the female germline. However, it remains unclear how intercellular signaling among somatic cells results in only one cell in the sub-epidermal layer differentiating into the megaspore mother cell. Here we uncovered a role of the THO complex in restricting the megaspore mother cell fate to a single cell. Mutations in TEX1, HPR1, and THO6, components of the THO/TREX complex, led to the formation of multiple megaspore mother cell...
Source: Current Biology - May 24, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Su Z, Zhao L, Zhao Y, Li S, Won S, Cai H, Wang L, Li Z, Chen P, Qin Y, Chen X Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research