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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.

The involvement of hormone-sensitive lipase in all-trans retinoic acid induced cleft palate
Int J Dev Biol. 2023 Jan 20. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.220137kz. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAbnormally high concentrations of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) induce cleft palate, which is accompanied by abnormal migration and proliferation of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchyme (MEPM) cells. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is involved in many embryonic development processes. The current study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of HSL in cleft palate induced by atRA. To establish a cleft palate model in Kunming mice, pregnant mice were administered atRA (70 mg/kg) by gavage at embryonic Day 10.5 (E10.5). Embryonic palates were...
Source: International Journal of Developmental Biology - January 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: K Zheng Q N Ye Source Type: research

Astragaloside IV attenuates podocyte apoptosis through ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction by up-regulated Nrf2-ARE/TFAM signaling in diabetic kidney disease
In this study, using molecular docking we found that Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), an active ingredient from traditional formula of Huangqi decoction (HQD), exerted a higher potential to promote Nrf2 escape from Keap1-Nrf2 interaction via competitively bind to amino acid sites in Keap1. When podocyte exposed to high glucose (HG) stimulation, mitochondrial morphological alterations and podocyte apoptosis were presented and accompanied by Nrf2 and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) downregulation. Mechanistically, HG promoted a decrease in mitochondria-specific electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, ATP synthesis and...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 8, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Qian Shen Ji Fang Hengjiang Guo Xue Su Bingbing Zhu Xingmei Yao Yunman Wang Aili Cao Hao Wang Li Wang Source Type: research

Evaluation of the role of Sigma 1 receptor and Cullin3 in retinal photoreceptor cells
Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Jun 14:S0891-5849(23)00496-3. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.010. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSigma 1 receptor (Sig1R), a pluripotent modulator of cell survival, is neuroprotective in models of retinal degeneration when activated by the high-affinity, high-specificity ligand (+)-pentazocine ((+)-PTZ). The molecular mechanisms of Sig1R-mediated retinal neuroprotection are under investigation. We previously reported that the antioxidant regulatory transcription factor Nrf2 may be involved in Sig1R-mediated retinal photoreceptor cell (PRC) rescue. Cullin 3 (Cul3) is a component of the Nrf2-Ke...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - June 16, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jing Wang Shannon R Barwick Haiyan Xiao Sylvia B Smith Source Type: research

Hydroquinone regulates hemeoxygenase-1 expression via modulation of Src kinase activity through thiolation of cysteine residues.
In this study, we characterized the mechanism of the induction of hemeoxygenase (HO)-1 and other phase 2 enzymes by HQ and its derivatives. HQ upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of HO-1 by increasing the antioxidant-response element-dependent transcriptional activation of Nrf-2. Src knockdown or deficiency induced via siRNA treatment and infection with a retrovirus expressing shRNA targeting Src, as well as exposure to PP2, a Src kinase inhibitor, strongly abrogated HO-1 expression. Interestingly, HQ directly targeted and bound to the sulfhydryl group of cysteine-483 (C483) and C400 residues of Src, potentially leadin...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 2, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Eun Byeon S, Yu T, Yang Y, Gyu Lee Y, Hye Kim J, Oh J, Yoon Jeong H, Hong S, Chul Yoo B, Cho WJ, Hong S, Youl Cho J Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Willow bark extract increases antioxidant enzymes and reduces oxidative stress through activation of Nrf2 in vascular endothelial cells and Caenorhabditis elegans.
This study investigated the antioxidative effects of WBE in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Caenorhabditis elegans. WBE prevented oxidative-stress-induced cytotoxicity of HUVECs and death of C. elegans. WBE dose-dependently increased mRNA and protein expression levels of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) target genes heme oxygenase-1, γ-glutamylcysteine ligase modifier and catalytic subunits, and p62 and intracellular glutathione (GSH) in HUVECs. In the nematode C. elegans, WBE increased the expression of the gcs-1::green fluorescent protein reporter, a well-characterized target of...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - December 28, 2012 Category: Biology Authors: Ishikado A, Sono Y, Matsumoto M, Robida-Stubbs S, Okuno A, Goto M, King GL, Keith Blackwell T, Makino T Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

The EJC component Magoh regulates proliferation and expansion of neural crest-derived melanocytes.
Abstract Melanoblasts are a population of neural crest-derived cells that generate the pigment-producing cells of our body. Defective melanoblast development and function underlies many disorders including Waardenburg syndrome and melanoma. Understanding the genetic regulation of melanoblast development will help elucidate the etiology of these and other neurocristopathies. Here we demonstrate that Magoh, a component of the exon junction complex, is required for normal melanoblast development. Magoh haploinsufficient mice are hypopigmented and exhibit robust genetic interactions with the transcription factor, Sox1...
Source: Developmental Biology - January 17, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Silver DL, Leeds KE, Hwang HW, Miller EE, Pavan WJ Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: research

Loss of p53 in stromal fibroblasts promotes epithelial cell invasion through redox-mediated ICAM1 Signal.
Abstract Tumor microenvironment plays a major role in cancer development. Understanding how the stroma affects epithelial transformation will provide a basis for new preventive strategies. Recent evidences suggest that oxidative stress in stroma may play a role in cancer progression and loss of p53 function in the stromal cells were associated with poor prognosis and high tumor recurrence. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of p53 loss in fibroblasts on epithelial transformation and the mechanistic involvement of reactive species. Using 3D-organotypic cultur...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Trachootham D, Chen G, Zhang W, Lu W, Zhang H, Liu J, Huang P Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Transcriptional Corepressors HIPK1 and HIPK2 Control Angiogenesis Via TGF-β–TAK1–Dependent Mechanism
by Yulei Shang, Christina N. Doan, Thomas D. Arnold, Sebum Lee, Amy A. Tang, Louis F. Reichardt, Eric J. Huang Several critical events dictate the successful establishment of nascent vasculature in yolk sac and in the developing embryos. These include aggregation of angioblasts to form the primitive vascular plexus, followed by the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and coalescence of endothelial cells. Although transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) is known to regulate various aspects of vascular development, the signaling mechanism of TGF-β remains unclear. Here we show that homeodomain interacting prote...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - April 2, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Yulei Shang et al. Source Type: research

Nanoparticles boost therapeutic potential of siRNA drugs
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) New classes of drugs that can silence specific genes, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), offer great therapeutic potential.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - April 10, 2013 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Hypoxia downregulates PPARγ via an ERK 1/2-NF-κB-Nox4- dependent mechanism in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
Abstract The ligand-activated transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), regulates metabolism, cell proliferation, and inflammation. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with reduced PPARγ expression, and hypoxia exposure regimens that cause PH reduce PPARγ expression. The current study examines mechanisms of hypoxia-induced PPARγ downregulation in vitro and in vivo. Hypoxia reduced PPARγ mRNA and protein levels, PPARγ activity, and the expression of PPARγ-regulated genes in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMC) exposed to 1% oxygen for 72hours. Simila...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 15, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Lu X, Bijli KM, Ramirez A, Murphy TC, Kleinhenz J, Michael Hart C Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Lung tumor growth-promoting function of peroxiredoxin 6.
This study compared lung tumor growth in PRDX6-overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice and normal mice. These mice expressed elevated levels of PRDX6 mRNA and protein in multiple tissues. In vivo, Tg mice displayed a greater increase in the growth of lung tumor compared with normal mice. Glutathione peroxidase and calcium-independent phospholipase 2 (iPLA2) activities in tumor tissues of Tg mice were much higher than in tumor tissues of normal mice. Higher tumor growth in PRDX6-overexpressing Tg mice was associated with an increase in activating protein-1 (AP-1) DNA-binding activity. Moreover, expression of proliferating cell ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - May 3, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Jo M, Yun HM, Park KR, Hee Park M, Myoung Kim T, Ho Pak J, Jae Lee S, Moon DC, Park CW, Song S, Lee CK, Bae Han S, Tae Hong J Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Integrin-linked kinase mediates the hydrogen peroxide-dependent transforming growth factor-β1 up-regulation.
Abstract Transforming growth factor type-β1 (TGF-β1) has been recognized as a central mediator in many pathological events related to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins accumulation, where their locally increased expression has been implicated in the fibrosis process of numerous organs, including glomerular fibrosis in the kidney. We and others have reported the TGF-β1 synthesis regulation by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and moreover we also described the implication of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in the AP-1-dependent TGF-β1 up-regulation. Thus, we propose here that H2O2-dependent TGF-β1 regulation may b...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 25, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Gonzalez-Ramos M, de Frutos S, Griera M, Luengo A, Olmos G, Rodriguez-Puyol D, Calleros L, Rodriguez-Puyol M Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research