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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.
A new strategy for siRNA stabilization by an artificial cationic oligosaccharide
(Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science) Instability of small interfering RNA (siRNA) is one of the obstacles in the development of siRNA-based drugs. Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science and Tokyo University of Science have developed a new strategy for improvement of siRNA stability by using an artificial cationic oligosaccharide combined with phosphorothioate linkages.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - October 16, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news
The < i > Aedes aegypti < /i > siRNA pathway mediates broad-spectrum defense against human pathogenic viruses and modulates antibacterial and antifungal defenses
by Yuemei Dong, Shengzhang Dong, Nahid Borhani Dizaji, Natalie Rutkowski, Tyler Pohlenz, Kevin Myles, George Dimopoulos
The mosquito’s innate immune system defends against a variety of pathogens, and the conserved siRNA pathway plays a central role in the control of viral infections. Here, we show that transgenic overexpression of Dicer2 (Dcr2) orR2d2 resulted in an accumulation of 21-nucleotide viral sequences that was accompanied by a significant suppression of dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) replication, thus indicating the broad-spectrum antiviral response mediated by the siRNA ...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - June 9, 2022 Category: Biology Authors: Yuemei Dong Source Type: research
Plants Encode a General siRNA Suppressor That Is Induced and Suppressed by Viruses
by Nahid Shamandi, Matthias Zytnicki, Cyril Charbonnel, Emilie Elvira-Matelot, Aurore Bochnakian, Pascale Comella, Allison C. Mallory, Gersende Lepère, Julio Sáez-Vásquez, Hervé Vaucheret
Small RNAs play essential regulatory roles in genome stability, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in most eukaryotes. In plants, the RNaseIII enzyme DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) produces miRNAs, whereas DCL2, DCL3, and DCL4 produce various size classes of siRNAs. Plants also encode RNASE THREE-LIKE (RTL) enzymes that lack DCL-specific domains and whose function is largely unknown. We found that virus infection induces R...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - December 22, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Nahid Shamandi et al. Source Type: research
siRNA-mediated inhibition of skNAC and Smyd1 expression disrupts myofibril organization: Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy study in C2C12 cells
Publication date: May 2018 Source:Micron, Volume 108 Author(s): Janine Berkholz, Regina Eberle, Klaus Boller, Barbara Munz skNAC (skeletal and heart muscle-specific variant of nascent polypeptide-associated complex) and Smyd1 (SET and MYND domain-containing 1) form a protein dimer which is specific for striated muscle cells. Its function is largely unknown. On the one hand, skNAC-Smyd1 appears to control transcriptional processes in the nucleus, on the other hand, specifically at later stages of myogenic differentiation, both proteins translocate to the sarcoplasm and at least Smyd1 specifically associates with sarcomeric...
Source: Micron - March 1, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
The DEAD Box Helicase RDE-12 Promotes Amplification of RNAi in Cytoplasmic Foci in C. elegans.
We report that RDE-12, a conserved phenylalanine-glycine (FG) domain-containing DEAD box helicase, localizes in P granules and cytoplasmic foci that are enriched in RSD-6 but are excluded from the Mutator foci. Our results suggest that RDE-12 promotes secondary siRNA synthesis by orchestrating the recruitment of RDE-10 and RRF-1 to primary siRNA-targeted mRNA in distinct cytoplasmic compartments.
PMID: 24684930 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Biology - March 26, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Yang H, Vallandingham J, Shiu P, Li H, Hunter CP, Mak HY Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research
Downregulation of endothelin A receptor (ETaR) ameliorates renal ischemia reperfusion injury by increasing nitric oxide production
Publication date: Available online 7 May 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Long Li, Xia Wang, Long Zheng, Jiawei Li, Ming Xu, Ruiming Rong, Tongyu Zhu, Yichen JiaAbstractAimsTo investigate the protective effects of downregulating ETaR expression on renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI).Main methodsThe renal IRI model was generated by clamping the left renal artery for 60 min followed by nephrectomy of the right kidney. ETaR siRNA were perfused through the renal artery during ischemia. HE staining was performed to assess histological injury. PCR was performed to determine the expression of NF-κb, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6...
Source: Life Sciences - May 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Effects of MFHAS1 on cognitive impairment and dendritic pathology in the hippocampus of septic rats
Publication date: Available online 30 August 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Jing Zhong, Chenyue Guo, Wenting Hou, Na Shen, Changhong MiaoAbstractAimsTo investigate the effects of malignant fibrous histiocytoma amplified sequence 1 (MFHAS1) on cognitive dysfunction, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and amyloid β peptide (Aβ) in the hippocampus, as well as dendritic pathology in the hippocampal CA1 region in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) rats.Main methodsThe rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1) control group (subjected to sham surgery), 2) control plus Mfhas...
Source: Life Sciences - September 1, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
piRNAs coordinate poly(UG) tailing to prevent aberrant and perpetual gene silencing
Curr Biol. 2021 Aug 14:S0960-9822(21)01066-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.07.076. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNoncoding RNAs have emerged as mediators of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (TEI) in a number of organisms. A robust example of such RNA-directed TEI is the inheritance of gene-silencing states following RNA interference (RNAi) in the metazoan C. elegans. During RNAi inheritance, gene silencing is transmitted by a self-perpetuating cascade of siRNA-directed poly(UG) tailing of mRNA fragments (pUGylation), followed by siRNA synthesis from poly(UG)-tailed mRNA templates (termed pUG RNA/siRNA cycling). Despite ...
Source: Current Biology - August 24, 2021 Category: Biology Authors: Aditi Shukla Roberto Perales Scott Kennedy Source Type: research
Intraluminal delivery of thrombospondin-2 small interfering RNA inhibits the vascular response to injury in a rat carotid balloon angioplasty model Research
In an effort to inhibit the response to vascular injury that leads to intimal hyperplasia, this study investigated the in vivo efficacy of intraluminal delivery of thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) small interfering RNA (siRNA). Common carotid artery (CCA) balloon angioplasty injury was performed in rats. Immediately after denudation, CCA was transfected intraluminally (15 min) with one of the following: polyethylenimine (PEI)+TSP-2 siRNA, saline, PEI only, or PEI+control siRNA. CCA was analyzed at 24 h or 21 d by using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. TSP-2 gene and protein expression were significantly up-regu...
Source: FASEB Journal - January 2, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Bodewes, T. C. F., Johnson, J. M., Auster, M., Huynh, C., Muralidharan, S., Contreras, M., LoGerfo, F. W., Pradhan-Nabzdyk, L. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Depletion of CPEB1 protects against oxidized LDL-induced endothelial apoptosis and inflammation though SIRT1/LOX-1 signalling pathway
Publication date: Available online 12 September 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Kaicheng Xu, Xiwen liu, Guanghao Ren, Dexin Yin, Suli Guo, Yue ZhaoAbstractAtherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that results from Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) induced endothelial dysfunction. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1) is closely related to the development of epithelial cells, but the role of CPEB1 in AS remains unknown. The RNA and protein levels of CPEB1 expression are increased by Ox-LDL exposure, which is abrogated by c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125. ...
Source: Life Sciences - September 13, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Kaempferol targets Krt-14 and induces cytoskeletal mineralization in osteoblasts: A mechanistic approach
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2016 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Vikram Khedgikar, Priyanka Kushwaha, Jyoti Gautam, Shewta Sharma, Ashwni Verma, Dharmendra Choudhary, Prabhat R. Mishra, Ritu Trivedi Kaempferol (KEM) has been observed to stimulate Krt-14 protein which subsequently contributes to matrix maturation and mineralization in rat primary osteoblast cells. Incorporation of Krt-14 siRNA results in reduced mRNA and protein expression after 48h post transfection and remained low for 9days. At day 9 Krt-14 siRNA significantly reduced mineralization without concomitant change in the cell number. ...
Source: Life Sciences - March 6, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Cigarettesmoke extract (CSE) induces transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)expression via activation of HIF1 αin A549 cells.
Cigarettesmoke extract (CSE) induces transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)expression via activation of HIF1αin A549 cells.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2016 Jul 29;
Authors: Nie Y, Huang C, Zhong S, Wortley MA, Luo Y, Luo W, Xie Y, Lai K, Zhong N
Abstract
We previously found that transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in guinea pig tracheal epithelial cells was elevated after 14 days of cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. However, the mechanism underlying CS-induced TRPA1 expression remains unknown. Here, we explored whether cigarette smoke extract (CSE) increases TRPA1 expression in A549 cells an...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 28, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Nie Y, Huang C, Zhong S, Wortley MA, Luo Y, Luo W, Xie Y, Lai K, Zhong N Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Hexosamine biosynthesis in keratinocytes: roles of GFAT and GNPDA enzymes in the maintenance of UDP-GlcNAc content and hyaluronan synthesis
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) is a glucose metabolite with pivotal functions as a key substrate for the synthesis of glycoconjugates like hyaluronan, and as a metabolic sensor that controls cell functions through O-GlcNAc modification of intracellular proteins. However, little is known about the regulation of hexosamine biosynthesis that controls UDP-GlcNAc content. Four enzymes can catalyze the crucial starting point of the pathway, conversion of fructose-6-phosphate (Fru6P) to glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P): glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferases (GFAT1 and 2) and glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminases (GN...
Source: Glycobiology - August 7, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Oikari, S., Makkonen, K., Deen, A. J., Tyni, I., Kärnä, R., Tammi, R. H., Tammi, M. I. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
Systemic RNAi in western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, does not involve transitive pathways
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Insect Science - July 31, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Huarong Li, Andrew J. Bowling, Premchand Gandra, Murugesan Rangasamy, Heather E. Pence, Robert McEwan, Chitvan Khajuria, Blair Siegfried, Kenneth E. Narva Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Systemic RNAi in western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, does not involve transitive pathways
This study visualized the spread of the RNAi‐mediated knockdown of Dv v‐ATPase C mRNA throughout the WCR gut and other tissues using high‐sensitivity branched DNA in situ hybridization. Furthermore, we did not detect either secondary siRNA production or transitive RNAi in WCR through siRNA sequence profile analysis. Nucleotide mismatched sequences introduced into either the sense or antisense strand of v‐ATPase C dsRNAs were maintained in siRNAs derived from WCR fed with the mismatched dsRNAs in a strand specific manner. The distribution of all siRNAs was restricted to within the original target sequence regions, w...
Source: Insect Science - November 16, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Huarong Li, Andrew J. Bowling, Premchand Gandra, Murugesan Rangasamy, Heather E. Pence, Robert E. McEwan, Chitvan Khajuria, Blair D. Siegfried, Kenneth E. Narva Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
