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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.

Osteopontin plays a unique role in resistance of CD34+/CD123+ human leukemia cell lines KG1a to parthenolide
Conclusion Parthenolide in spite of the reduction in gene expression of AKT, mTOR or beta-catenin, stimulates the OPN expression in KG1a cells. The OPN expression pattern in KG1a cells could be compatible with CD34+/CD123+ subtype enrichment by PTL which in turn implies OPN's unique role in resistance of cell populations characterized by CD34+/CD123+ phenotype.
Source: Life Sciences - September 23, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

TNF- α increases Staphylococcus aureus-induced death of human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 associated with RIP3-mediated necroptosis
Publication date: 15 February 2018 Source:Life Sciences, Volume 195 Author(s): Shun-hang Wen, Luo-na Lin, Hu-jun Wu, Lu Yu, Li Lin, Li-li Zhu, Hai-yan Li, Hai-lin Zhang, Chang-chong Li Aim To explore the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on Staphylococcus aureus-induced necroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. Main methods The A549 alveolar epithelial cell line was pretreated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against receptor interacting protein-3 (RIP3) and then stimulated by S. aureus, where some cells were pretreated with TNF-α or TNF-α with anti-TNF-α antibody simultaneously. A549 cell death was assess...
Source: Life Sciences - January 12, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Regulation of apolipoprotein A-I gene expression by the histamine H1 receptor: Requirement for NF-κB
Publication date: 1 September 2018Source: Life Sciences, Volume 208Author(s): Michael J. Haas, Marilu Jurado-Flores, Ramadan Hammoud, Gabriela Plazarte, Luisa Onstead-Haas, Norman C.W. Wong, Arshag D. MooradianAbstractAimsEarlier it had been found by us that apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) is suppressed by histamine in HepG2 cells. Histamine has been shown to regulate NF-κB activity, though not in hepatocytes. Therefore we examined the role of the histamine receptors and NF-κB in histamine-mediated apo A-I gene expression in HepG2 liver cells.Main methodsThe effect of histamine on histamine H1 receptor expression, and NF-κ...
Source: Life Sciences - July 19, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

AVE 0991 attenuates oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis via Mas/PKA/CREB/UCP-2 pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats
In conclusion, our data provides evidence that Mas activation with AVE reduces oxidative stress injury and neuronal apoptosis through Mas/PKA/p-CREB/UCP-2 pathway after SAH. Furthermore, our study indicates that Mas may be a novel therapeutic treatment target in early brain injury of SAH.Graphical abstract
Source: Redox Biology - October 5, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

ERK and miRNA-1 target Cx43 expression and phosphorylation to modulate the vascular protective effect of angiotensin II
In this study, we investigated whether the beneficial effects of AngII are related to regulation of gap junctions (GJs) and connexin43 (Cx43), and the implication of MAPK signaling and microRNA (miR-1) in this process.Key findingsOur results show that after hemorrhagic shock or hypoxia, the blockade of GJs or knockdown of Cx43 inhibits the AngII-induced increase in vascular reactivity of superior mesenteric arteries and the contractile response of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). AngII treatment increases Cx43 expression and phosphorylation at Ser262, and restores gap-junctional communication (GJIC) between VSMCs afte...
Source: Life Sciences - November 9, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research

LncRNA Snhg3 contributes to dysfunction of cerebral microvascular cells in intracerebral hemorrhage rats by activating the TWEAK/Fn14/STAT3 pathway
In conclusion, the lncRNA Snhg3 contributes to dysfunction of cerebral microvascular cells in ICH rats by activating the TWEAK/Fn14/STAT3 pathway.
Source: Life Sciences - October 11, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Biochemical characterization of the dicing activity of Dicer-like 2 in the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa.
Abstract Dicing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into small RNA is an essential process to trigger transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing. Using cell-free extracts of the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, we successfully detected the dicing activity of one of two N. crassa Dicers NcDCL2. The predominant 23-nucleotide (nt) cleavage product was always detected from 30-nt to 130-nt dsRNA substrates, and additional products of approximately 18 to 28 nt were occasionally produced. The enzymatic properties of NcDCL2 are different from those of insect and plant small interfering RNA (siRNA)-produ...
Source: Fungal Genetics and Biology - December 1, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Tabara M, Koiwa H, Suzuki N, Fukuhara T Tags: Fungal Genet Biol Source Type: research

A fast lasso-based method for inferring higher-order interactions
by Kieran Elmes, Astra Heywood, Zhiyi Huang, Alex Gavryushkin Large-scale genotype-phenotype screens provide a wealth of data for identifying molecular alterations associated with a phenotype. Epistatic effects play an important role in such association studies. For example, siRNA perturbation screens can be used to identify combinatorial gene-silencing effects. In bacteria, epistasis has practical consequences in determining antimicrobial resistance as the genetic background of a strain plays an important role in determining resistance. Recently developed tools scale to human exome-wide screens for pairwise interactions,...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - December 29, 2022 Category: Biology Authors: Kieran Elmes Source Type: research

Nrf2-induced antiapoptotic Bcl-xL protein enhances cell survival and drug resistance.
In this study, we investigated the role of Nrf2 in the regulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-xL protein and its effect on cellular apoptosis. Treatment of mouse Hepa-1 cells with the antioxidant tert-butylhydroquinone led to the induction of Bcl-xL gene expression. Promoter mutagenesis, transfection, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified an ARE between nucleotides -608 and -600 in the forward strand of the proximal Bcl-xL promoter that bound to Nrf2 and led to increased Bcl-xL gene expression. In addition, short interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibition and overexpression of Nrf2 led to a respective decrease and increase ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - December 27, 2012 Category: Biology Authors: Niture SK, Jaiswal AK Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Mechanisms for cellular NO oxidation and nitrite formation in lung epithelial cells.
Abstract Airway lining fluid contains relatively high concentrations of nitrite, and arterial blood levels of nitrite are higher than venous levels, suggesting the lung epithelium may represent an important source of nitrite in vivo. To investigate whether lung epithelial cells possess the ability to convert NO to nitrite by oxidation, and the effect of oxygen reactions on nitrite formation, the NO donor DETA NONOate was incubated with or without A549 cells or primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells for 24 h under normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions. Nitrite production was significantly increas...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 30, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Zhao XJ, Wang L, Shiva S, Tejero J, Wang J, Frizzell S, Gladwin MT Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Oxidative stress induces inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A, promoting proinflammatory NF-κB in aged rat kidney.
Abstract The molecular inflammation hypothesis of aging proposes that redox dysregulation causes an age-related activation of NF-κB and its signaling to upregulate various proinflammatory genes. In the present study, we focused on the inactive form of the protein phosphastase 2A (PP2A). More specifically, we aimed to define the correlation between PP2A inactivation and NF-κB activation by age-related oxidative stress. Experimentations were designed to determine the effect of oxidative stress-induced PP2A inactivation on NF-κB activity, utilizing prooxidants t-BHP and AAPH, the PTP inhibitor Na3VO4, and the PP2A...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 11, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Jin Jung K, Hyun Kim D, Kyeong Lee E, Woo Song C, Pal Yu B, Young Chung H Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Germ lineage properties in the urochordate Botryllus schlosseri - from markers to temporal niches.
Abstract The primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the colonial urochordate Botryllus schlosseri are sequestered in late embryonic stage. PGC-like populations, located at any blastogenic stage in specific niches, inside modules with curtailed lifespan, survive throughout the life of the colony by repeated weekly migration to newly formed buds. This cyclical migration and the lack of specific markers for PGC-like populations are obstacles to the study on PGCs. For that purpose, we isolated the Botryllus DDX1 (BS-DDX1) and characterized it by normal expression patterns and by specific siRNA knockdown experiments. Expressi...
Source: Developmental Biology - October 9, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Rosner A, Moiseeva E, Rabinowitz C, Rinkevich B Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: research

CO-releasing molecules and increased heme oxygenase-1 induce protein S-glutathionylation to modulate NF-κB activity in endothelial cells.
Abstract Protein glutathionylation is a protective mechanism that functions in response to mild oxidative stress. Carbon monoxide (CO) can increase the ROS concentration from a low level via the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase. We therefore hypothesized that CO would induce NF-κB-p65 glutathionylation and then show anti-inflammatory effects. In our present study, we found that CO releasing molecules suppress TNFα-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) and reduce ICAM-1 expression. Moreover, CO donors were further found to exert their inhibitory effects by blocking NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocatio...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - February 7, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Yeh PY, Li CY, Hsieh CW, Yang YC, Yang PM, Wung BS Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Seeing the forest for the trees: annotating small RNA producing genes in plants.
Abstract A key goal in genomics is the complete annotation of the expressed regions of the genome. In plants, substantial portions of the genome make regulatory small RNAs produced by Dicer-Like (DCL) proteins and utilized by Argonaute (AGO) proteins. These include miRNAs and various types of endogenous siRNAs. Small RNA-seq, enabled by cheap and fast DNA sequencing, has produced an enormous volume of data on plant miRNA and siRNA expression in recent years. In this review, we discuss recent progress in using small RNA-seq data to produce stable and reliable annotations of miRNA and siRNA genes in plants. In addit...
Source: Current Opinion in Plant Biology - March 13, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Coruh C, Shahid S, Axtell MJ Tags: Curr Opin Plant Biol Source Type: research

Upregulation of Cannabinoid Receptor-1 and Fibrotic Activation of Mouse Hepatic Stellate Cells during Schistosoma J. Infection: Role of NADPH Oxidase.
Abstract The endocannabinoid system (CS) has been implicated in the development of hepatic fibrosis such as schistosomiasis-associated liver fibrosis (SSLF). However, the mechanisms mediating the action of the CS in hepatic fibrosis is unclear. The present study hypothesized that Schistosoma J. infection upregulates cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) due to activation of NADPH oxidase leading to a fibrotic phenotype in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The SSLF model was developed by infecting mice with Schistosoma J. cercariae in the skin, and HSCs from control and infected mice were then isolated, cultured and confirmed ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - March 18, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Wang M, Abais JM, Meng N, Zhang Y, Ritter JK, Li PL, Tang WX Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research