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Condition: Obesity

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Total 449 results found since Jan 2013.

Salsalate and Adiponectin Ameliorate Hepatic Steatosis by Inhibition of the Hepatokine Feutin-A.
In conclusion, salsalate and fAd improved palmitate-induced steatosis and impairment of lipid metabolism in hepatocytes via fetuin-A inhibition through the AMPK-NFκB pathway. PMID: 23948064 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - August 12, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jung TW, Youn BS, Choi HY, Lee SY, Hong HC, Yang SJ, Yoo HJ, Kim BH, Baik SH, Choi KM Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Resistin affects lipid metabolism during adipocyte maturation of 3T3‐L1 cells
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: FEBS Journal - September 5, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Yoshito Ikeda, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Susumu Hama, Kazuaki Kajimoto, Kentaro Kogure Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Evidences that estrogen receptor α interferes with adiponectin effects on breast cancer cell growth.
Abstract Adiponectin, the most abundant protein secreted by adipose tissue, exhibits insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, and antiproliferative properties. In addition, it appears to play an important role also in the development and progression of several obesity-related malignancies, including breast cancer.   Here, we demonstrated that adiponectin induces a dichotomic effect on breast cancer growth. Indeed, it stimulates growth in ERα+ MCF-7 cells while inhibiting proliferation of ERα- MDA-MB-231 cells. Notably, only in MCF-7 cells adiponectin exposure exerts a rapid activation of MAPK ph...
Source: Cell Cycle - December 12, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Mauro L, Pellegrino M, De Amicis F, Ricchio E, Giordano F, Rizza P, Catalano S, Bonofiglio D, Sisci D, Panno ML, Andò S Tags: Cell Cycle Source Type: research

Leptin promotes metastasis by inducing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition in a549 lung cancer cells.
Abstract Leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine associated with obesity, has been reported to participate in carcinogenesis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is also considered as a key event in tumor metastasis. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of leptin in the promotion of EMT leading to metastasis in A549 lung cancer cells. We investigated the effect of leptin on migration of A549 cells using wound healing and transwell assays. The incidence of EMT in A549 cells was examined by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. The expression of TGF-β in A549 cells was detected by real-t...
Source: Oncology Research - February 17, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Feng H, Liu Q, Zhang N, Zheng L, Sang M, Feng J, Zhang J, Wu X, Shan B Tags: Oncol Res Source Type: research

Selective inhibiton of Sphingosine kinase-1 protects adipose tissue against LPS-induced inflammatory response in Zucker diabetic fatty rats.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether the enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) would modulate the expression of CCL5 and other inflammatory biomarkers in primary adipocytes and its potential role in lipopolysaccharide -induced AT inflammation in a rat model of diabetes. To address this, LPS-stimulated primary adipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells were treated with a sphingosine kinase inhibitor (SPHK I) and the expression of Ccl5 and other CC chemokines were studied. Moreover, the effect of Sphk-1 knockdown on cytokine production was analyzed in 3T3-L1 cells by transfection of Sphk-1-specific small interfering RN...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - July 22, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Tous M, Ferrer-Lorente R, Badimon L Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Selective inhibition of sphingosine kinase-1 protects adipose tissue against LPS-induced inflammatory response in Zucker diabetic fatty rats
The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether the enzyme sphingosine kinase-1 (SK1) would modulate the expression of CCL5 and other inflammatory biomarkers in primary adipocytes and its potential role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AT inflammation in a rat model of diabetes. To address this, LPS-stimulated primary adipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells were treated with a SK inhibitor, and the expression of Ccl5 and other CC chemokines were studied. Moreover, the effect of SK1 knockdown on cytokine production was analyzed in 3T3-L1 cells by transfection of SK1-specific small-interfering RNA (siRNA). The anti-inflamm...
Source: AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 1, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tous, M., Ferrer-Lorente, R., Badimon, L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

High-calorie diet exacerbates prostate neoplasia in mice with haploinsufficiency of Pten tumor suppressor gene
Conclusion High-calorie diet promotes prostate cancer progression in the genetically susceptible Pten haploinsufficient mouse while preserving insulin sensitivity. This appears to be partly due to increased inflammatory response to high-caloric intake in addition to increased ability of insulin to promote lipogenesis. Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Metabolism - January 3, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Small RNAs: Their Possible Roles in Reproductive Failure.
Authors: Hale BJ, Keating AF, Yang CX, Ross JW Abstract Posttranscriptional gene regulation is a regulatory mechanism which occurs "above the genome" and confers different phenotypes and functions within a cell. Transcript and protein abundance above the level of transcription can be regulated via noncoding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) molecules, which potentially play substantial roles in the regulation of reproductive function. MicroRNA (miRNA), endogenous small interfering RNA (endo-siRNA), and PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) are three primary classes of small ncRNA. Similarities and distinctions between their biogenes...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - July 18, 2015 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

Abstract 522: Involvement of Zyxin in aggressiveness of human prostate cancer
In this study, Phospho-peptide in DU145 cells cultured in CM was analyzed using Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Zyxin was identified as a CM-related phosphor-peptide. Zyxin is a conserved protein that has two major domains, an N-terminal half containing proline-rich sequences and a C-terminal LIM domain region. Its functions are involved in regulation of cell adhesion and motility. This protein also appears to have tumor suppressor activity with a few reports, however in dispute. We analyzed the involvement of Zyxin in behavior of DU145 cells. Functional analysis of Zyxin in cell migration, invas...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yamamoto, K., Hori, Y., Seo, J., Hashimoto, S., Endo, Y., Nittami, T., Ito, Y., Ishiguro, H., Uemura, H., Watanabe, M. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

In vitro differentiation of mouse brown preadipocytes is enhanced by IGFBP-3 expression and reduced by IGFBP-3 silencing.
CONCLUSIONS: Brown adipocyte growth and differentiation in vitro were affected by the manipulation of IGFBP-3 expression, suggesting that IGFBP-3 is a factor regulating brown adipocyte fate. PMID: 26333724 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Obesity - September 3, 2015 Category: Eating Disorders and Weight Management Authors: Nguyen KH, Mishra S, Nyomba BL Tags: Obesity (Silver Spring) Source Type: research

Small interfering RNA Knock-down of Cannabinoid-1 Receptor (CB1R) for the Treatment or Prevention of Type-2 Diabetes
Endocannabinoids (EC) are lipid signaling molecules that act on the same cannabinoid receptors that recognize and mediate the effects of marijuana. Activation of the EC receptor CB1R has been shown to play a key role in the development of obesity and its metabolic consequences, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Researchers at NIH have now demonstrated in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat model of type-2 diabetes that beta-cell loss is caused by the CB1R-mediated activation of a macrophage-mediated inflammatory response. They have further demonstrated that treatment of ZDF rats with a peripheral CB1R antag...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - September 19, 2013 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research

TNF‐α stimulates System A amino acid transport in primary human trophoblast cells mediated by p38 MAPK signaling
In conclusion, TNF‐α regulates System A activity through increased SNAT1 and SNAT2 transporter protein expression in PHTs. These findings suggest that p38 MAPK may represent a critical mechanistic link between elevated proinflammatory cytokines and increased placental amino acid transport in obese and GDM pregnancies associated with fetal overgrowth. Altered placental amino acid transport is a common pathway which leads to pathological fetal growth. This study demonstrates that TNF‐α regulates amino acid transport activity in primary placental trophoblast cells via p38 MAPK‐dependent mechanism.
Source: Physiological Reports - October 27, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Irving L. M. H. Aye, Thomas Jansson, Theresa L. Powell Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Deletion of sphingosine kinase 1 ameliorates hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mice: Role of PPARγ
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2015 Source:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids Author(s): Jinbiao Chen, Wei Wang, Yanfei Qi, Dominik Kaczorowski, Geoffrey W. McCaughan, Jennifer R. Gamble, Anthony S. Don, Xin Gao, Mathew A. Vadas, Pu Xia Sphingolipid metabolites have emerged playing important roles in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, whereas the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, we provide both in vitro and in vivo evidence showing a pathogenic role of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) in hepatocellular stea...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids - November 25, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Deletion of sphingosine kinase 1 ameliorates hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mice: Role of PPARγ.
Abstract Sphingolipid metabolites have emerged playing important roles in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, whereas the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, we provide both in vitro and in vivo evidence showing a pathogenic role of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) in hepatocellular steatosis. We found that levels of SphK1 expression were significantly increased in steatotic hepatocytes. Enforced overexpression of SphK1 or treatment with sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) markedly enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation. In contrast, the siRNA-mediated knockdown of SphK1 or S1P...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - November 23, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen J, Wang W, Qi Y, Kaczorowski D, McCaughan GW, Gamble JR, Don AS, Gao X, Vadas MA, Xia P Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

B cell translocation gene 2 (Btg2) is regulated by Stat3 signaling and inhibits adipocyte differentiation.
Abstract Btg2, a member of a family of antiproliferative proteins, is involved in downregulation of the JAK2-Stat3 signaling pathway. Here, we present evidence that the inhibitory effect of Btg2 on adipogenesis is suppressed by the proadipogenic activity of the Stat3 signaling pathway. Btg2 expression fluctuates during adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes. Btg2 is also expressed at different levels in fat tissues from lean and obese mice. Furthermore, knockdown of Btg2 expression enhanced lipid accumulation and upregulated the expression of adipogenic marker genes. To gain insights into the molecular mechan...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - January 6, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kim S, Hong JW, Park KW Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research