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Condition: Obesity

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Total 449 results found since Jan 2013.

Annexin A6 regulates adipocyte lipid storage and adiponectin release
Publication date: 5 January 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 439 Author(s): Sabrina Krautbauer, Elisabeth M. Haberl, Kristina Eisinger, Rebekka Pohl, Lisa Rein-Fischboeck, Carles Rentero, Anna Alvarez-Guaita, Carlos Enrich, Thomas Grewal, Christa Buechler, Markus Neumeier Lipid storage and adipokine secretion are critical features of adipocytes. Annexin A6 (AnxA6) is a lipid-binding protein regulating secretory pathways and its role in adiponectin release was examined. The siRNA-mediated AnxA6 knock-down in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes impaired proliferation, and differentiation of AnxA6-depleted cells to ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - November 22, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Editors Highlight: Screening ToxCast Prioritized Chemicals for PPARG Function in a Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Model of Adipogenesis
The developmental origins of obesity hypothesis posits a multifaceted contribution of factors to the fetal origins of obesity and metabolic disease. Adipocyte hyperplasia in gestation and early childhood may result in predisposition for obesity later in life. Rodent in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that some chemicals may directly affect adipose progenitor cell differentiation, but the human relevance of these findings is unclear. The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is the master regulator of adipogenesis. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) isolated from adipose tissue ex...
Source: Toxicological Sciences - January 4, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Foley, B., Doheny, D. L., Black, M. B., Pendse, S. N., Wetmore, B. A., Clewell, R. A., Andersen, M. E., Deisenroth, C. Tags: PPAR-Gamma in ToxCast Chemicals Source Type: research

Dual Role of IL ‐1β in Islet Amyloid Formation and its β‐Cell Toxicity: Implications in Type 2 Diabetes and Islet Transplantation
ConclusionsIL‐1β plays a dual role by: (1) mediating amyloid‐induced Fas upregulation and β‐cell apoptosis; (2) inducing impaired proIAPP processing thereby potentiating amyloid formation. Blocking IL‐1β may provide a new strategy to preserve β‐cells in conditions associated with islet amyloid formation.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - January 5, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yoo Jin Park, Garth L. Warnock, Ziliang Ao, Nooshin Safikhan, Mark Meloche, Ali Asadi, Timothy J. Kieffer, Lucy Marzban Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

4-PBA reverses autophagic dysfunction and improves insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue of obese mice via Akt/mTOR signaling.
CONCLUSIONS: 4-PBA reverses autophagic dysfunction and improves insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue of obese mice via Akt/mTOR signaling partly, which could be regarded as novel opportunities for treatment of insulin resistance. PMID: 28153729 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - January 29, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Guo Q, Xu L, Li H, Sun H, Wu S, Zhou B Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Dual role of interleukin ‐1β in islet amyloid formation and its β‐cell toxicity: Implications for type 2 diabetes and islet transplantation
ConclusionsIL‐1β plays a dual role by: (1) mediating amyloid‐induced Fas upregulation and β‐cell apoptosis; (2) inducing impaired proIAPP processing thereby potentiating amyloid formation. Blocking IL‐1β may provide a new strategy to preserve β cells in conditions associated with islet amyloid formation.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - February 26, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yoo Jin Park, Garth L. Warnock, Ziliang Ao, Nooshin Safikhan, Mark Meloche, Ali Asadi, Timothy J. Kieffer, Lucy Marzban Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

A novel role for the Wnt inhibitor APCDD1 in adipocyte differentiation: Implications for diet-induced obesity Lipids
Impaired adipogenic differentiation during diet-induced obesity (DIO) promotes adipocyte hypertrophy and inflammation, thereby contributing to metabolic disease. Adenomatosis polyposis coli down-regulated 1 (APCDD1) has recently been identified as an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, a key regulator of adipogenic differentiation. Here we report a novel role for APCDD1 in adipogenic differentiation via repression of Wnt signaling and an epigenetic linkage between miR-130 and APCDD1 in DIO. APCDD1 expression was significantly up-regulated in mature adipocytes compared with undifferentiated preadipocytes in both human and mouse sub...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 14, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Nicole K. H. Yiew, Tapan K. Chatterjee, Yao Liang Tang, Rod Pellenberg, Brian K. Stansfield, Zsolt Bagi, David J. Fulton, David W. Stepp, Weiqin Chen, Vijay Patel, Vinayak M. Kamath, Sheldon E. Litwin, David Y. Hui, Steven M. Rudich, Ha Won Kim, Neal L. W Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research

Rasal2 deficiency reduces adipogenesis and occurrence of obesity-related disorders
Conclusions Rasal2 promotes adipogenesis, which may critically contribute to its role in the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders and may do so by repressing Ras activity in an ERK-independent manner.
Source: Molecular Metabolism - April 22, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

CREG1 heterozygous mice are susceptible to high fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance
This study uncovered a novel function of CREG1 in metabolic disorders.
Source: PLoS One - May 1, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Xiaoxiang Tian Source Type: research

Heme oxygenase-1 mediates anti-adipogenesis effect of raspberry ketone in 3T3-L1 cells
Conclusion : RK may exert anti-adipogenic effects through modulation of the HO-1/Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - May 22, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Cyclin C regulates adipogenesis by stimulating transcriptional activity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein {alpha} Metabolism
Brown adipose tissue is important for maintaining energy homeostasis and adaptive thermogenesis in rodents and humans. As disorders arising from dysregulated energy metabolism, such as obesity and metabolic diseases, have increased, so has interest in the molecular mechanisms of adipocyte biology. Using a functional screen, we identified cyclin C (CycC), a conserved subunit of the Mediator complex, as a novel regulator for brown adipocyte formation. siRNA-mediated CycC knockdown (KD) in brown preadipocytes impaired the early transcriptional program of differentiation, and genetic KO of CycC completely blocked the different...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - May 26, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ziyi Song, Alus M. Xiaoli, Quanwei Zhang, Yi Zhang, Ellen S. T. Yang, Sven Wang, Rui Chang, Zhengdong D. Zhang, Gongshe Yang, Randy Strich, Jeffrey E. Pessin, Fajun Yang Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research

Resveratrol attenuates triglyceride accumulation associated with upregulation of Sirt1 and lipoprotein lipase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Conclusion The present results suggest that Rsv may augment synthesis and oxidation of fatty acid, and possibly increases energy utilization efficiency in adipocytes through activation of Sirt1. The present study may provide meaningful evidence supporting the efficacy of Rsv in the treatment of obesity.
Source: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Reports - May 30, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

RAMP2 influences glucagon receptor pharmacology via trafficking and signaling.
Abstract Endogenous satiety hormones provide an attractive target for obesity drugs. Glucagon causes weight loss by reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. To further understand the cellular mechanisms by which glucagon and related ligands activate the glucagon receptor (GCGR), we have investigated the interaction of the GCGR with RAMP2, a member of the family of Receptor Activity Modifying Proteins.We have used a combination of competition binding experiments, cell surface ELISA, functional assays assessing the Gαs and Gq pathways and β-arrestin recruitment, and siRNA knockdown to examine the ef...
Source: Endocrinology - June 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Cegla J, Jones BJ, Gardiner JV, Hodson DJ, Marjot T, McGlone ER, Tan TM, Bloom SR Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

TNF- α Deficiency Prevents Renal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Obese Mice
Conclusion: These findings suggest that TNF- α plays an important role in the HFD induced kidney damage, and targeting TNF-α and/or its receptors could be a promising therapeutic regimen for progressive nephropathy.Kidney Blood Press Res 2017;42:416 –427
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - July 6, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Suppression of CD36 attenuates adipogenesis with a reduction of P2X7 expression in 3T3-L1 cells.
We report here that knockdown of CD36 expression by CD36 small interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in a reduction of adipocyte differentiation and adipogenic protein expression. In addition, purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2X7) was downregulated in CD36-knockdown 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that the suppression of CD36 attenuates adipogenesis via the P2X7 pathway in 3T3-L1 cells. PMID: 28712872 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - July 13, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gao H, Li D, Yang P, Zhao L, Wei L, Chen Y, Ruan XZ Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Leptin promotes the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by upregulating ACAT2
ConclusionsOur data indicate that leptin may enhance the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells viaACAT2 up-regulation through the PI3K/AKT/SREBP2 signaling pathway. Therefore, the leptin/ACAT2 axis may represent an attractive therapeutic target for breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal and/or obese women.
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 2, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research