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Condition: Obesity
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Total 449 results found since Jan 2013.
Long‑term exposure to leptin enhances the growth of prostate cancer cells.
In conclusion, long‑term exposure to leptin increased the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells through inactivation of FOXO1. This inactivation resulted from exclusion of FOXO1 from the nucleus and its restriction to the cytoplasm through PI3K/Akt signaling. Our findings contribute to an understanding of the association between obesity and PCa aggressiveness.
PMID: 25625287 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - January 23, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Noda T, Kikugawa T, Tanji N, Miura N, Asai S, Higashiyama S, Yokoyama M Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research
Shear Stress Modulates Resistin‐Induced CC Chemokine Ligand 19 Expression in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - February 5, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Hong‐Ren Yu, Mao‐Ling Sung, Hsing‐Chun Kuo, Chi‐Hui Lin, Cheng‐Nan Chen Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research
Adipogenic Differentiation of hMSCs is Mediated by Recruitment of IGF‐1R Onto the Primary Cilium Associated with Cilia Elongation
This study tested the hypothesis that changes in primary cilia structure are required for stem cell differentiation. hMSCs expressed primary cilia which were labelled with acetylated alpha tubulin and visualized by confocal microscopy. Chemically induced differentiation resulted in lineage specific changes in cilia length and prevalence independent of cell cycle. In particular adipogenic differentiation resulted in cilia elongation associated with the presence of dexamethasone, whilst insulin had an inhibitory effect on cilia length. Over a seven day time course adipogenic differentiation media resulted in cilia elongation...
Source: Stem Cells - February 18, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Melis T. Dalbay, Stephen D. Thorpe, John T. Connelly, J. Paul Chapple, Martin M. Knight Tags: Tissue‐specific stem cells Source Type: research
38-OR Sexual dimorphism in the effect of inflammation on trophoblast function with preeclampsia
Conclusions We find sexual dimorphism in the effect of inflammation on placental miR-210 expression perhaps mediated by the NFκB1 pathway. This may link placental inflammation in preeclampsia to decreased mitochondrial function in pregnancies with a female fetus. Disclosures L. Myatt: None. C. Guo: None. S. Muralimanoharan: None. A. Maloyan: None.
Source: Pregnancy Hypertension: An International Journal of Womens Cardiovascular Health - February 24, 2015 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research
Zfp407 Regulates Adipose Glucose Uptake Gene Regulation
The glucose transporter GLUT4 facilitates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in peripheral tissues including adipose, muscle, and heart. GLUT4 function is impaired in obesity and type 2 diabetes leading to hyperglycemia and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. To better understand the regulation of GLUT4 function, a targeted siRNA screen was performed and led to the discovery that ZFP407 regulates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. The decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake due to ZFP407 deficiency was attributed to a reduction in GLUT4 mRNA and protein levels. The decrease in GLU...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - March 5, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Buchner, D. A., Charrier, A., Srinivasan, E., Wang, L., Paulsen, M. T., Ljungman, M., Bridges, D., Saltiel, A. R. Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research
SMAD3 Suppresses FNDC5 and PGC-1{alpha} in Skeletal Muscle Signal Transduction
Beige adipose cells are a distinct and inducible type of thermogenic fat cell that express the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1 and thus represent a powerful target for treating obesity. Mice lacking the TGF-β effector protein SMAD3 are protected against diet-induced obesity because of browning of their white adipose tissue (WAT), leading to increased whole body energy expenditure. However, the role SMAD3 plays in WAT browning is not clearly understood. Irisin is an exercise-induced skeletal muscle hormone that induces WAT browning similar to that observed in SMAD3-deficient mice. Together, these observations suggested ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - March 20, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Tiano, J. P., Springer, D. A., Rane, S. G. Tags: Cell Biology Source Type: research
Essential role of NRF2 in the protective effect of lipoic acid against lipoapoptosis in hepatocytes.
In conclusion, our work has revealed that in hepatocytes, Nrf2 is an essential early player in the rescue of oxidative stress by LA leading to protection against PA-mediated lipoapoptosis.
PMID: 25841776 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 1, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Pilar Valdecantos M, Prieto-Hontoria PL, Pardo V, Módol T, Santamaría B, Weber M, Herrero L, Serra D, Muntané J, Cuadrado A, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Alfredo Martínez J, Valverde ÁM Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Parathyroid hormone-related protein, human adipose-derived Stem cells adipogenic capacity and healthy obesity.
CONCLUSIONS: PTHrP could be a potential new therapeutic target for the reprograming of adipogenesis and adipose tissue expansion, thus possibly ameliorating the metabolic syndrome in obese subjects.
PMID: 25885945 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - April 17, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Roca-Rodríguez MM, Bekay RE, Garrido-Sanchez L, Gómez-Serrano M, Coin-Aragüez L, Oliva-Olivera W, Lhamyani S, Clemente-Postigo M, García-Santos E, Luna Diaz R, Yubero-Serrano EM, Real JF, Peral B, Tinahones FJ Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
De Novo Reconstruction of Adipose Tissue Transcriptomes Reveals Long Non-coding RNA Regulators of Brown Adipocyte Development.
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) protects against obesity by promoting energy expenditure via uncoupled respiration. To uncover BAT-specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), we used RNA-seq to reconstruct de novo transcriptomes of mouse brown, inguinal white, and epididymal white fat and identified ∼1,500 lncRNAs, including 127 BAT-restricted loci induced during differentiation and often targeted by key regulators PPARγ, C/EBPα, and C/EBPβ. One of them, lnc-BATE1, is required for establishment and maintenance of BAT identity and thermogenic capacity. lnc-BATE1 inhibition impairs concurrent activation of bro...
Source: Cell Metabolism - April 21, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Alvarez-Dominguez JR, Bai Z, Xu D, Yuan B, Lo KA, Yoon MJ, Lim YC, Knoll M, Slavov N, Chen S, Peng C, Lodish HF, Sun L Tags: Cell Metab Source Type: research
MFAP5 is related to obesity-associated adipose tissue and extracellular matrix remodeling and inflammation.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that factors involving low-grade inflammation modulate MFAP5 expression and that the modified expression of MFAP5 may further regulate AT inflammation.
PMID: 26054006 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Obesity - June 5, 2015 Category: Eating Disorders and Weight Management Authors: Vaittinen M, Kolehmainen M, Rydén M, Eskelinen M, Wabitsch M, Pihlajamäki J, Uusitupa M, Pulkkinen L Tags: Obesity (Silver Spring) Source Type: research
Betacellulin ameliorates hyperglycemia in obese diabetic db/db mice
Abstract
We found that administration of a recombinant adenovirus (rAd) expressing betacellulin (BTC) into obese diabetic db/db mice ameliorated hyperglycemia. Exogenous glucose clearance was significantly improved, and serum insulin levels were significantly higher in rAd-BTC-treated mice than rAd-β-gal-treated control mice. rAd-BTC treatment increased insulin/bromodeoxyuridine double-positive cells in the islets, and islets from rAd-BTC-treated mice exhibited a significant increase in the level of G1-S phase-related cyclins as compared with control mice. In addition, BTC treatment increased messenger RNA (mRNA...
Source: Journal of Molecular Medicine - June 13, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Betacellulin ameliorates hyperglycemia in obese diabetic db/db mice.
Abstract
We found that administration of a recombinant adenovirus (rAd) expressing betacellulin (BTC) into obese diabetic db/db mice ameliorated hyperglycemia. Exogenous glucose clearance was significantly improved, and serum insulin levels were significantly higher in rAd-BTC-treated mice than rAd-β-gal-treated control mice. rAd-BTC treatment increased insulin/bromodeoxyuridine double-positive cells in the islets, and islets from rAd-BTC-treated mice exhibited a significant increase in the level of G1-S phase-related cyclins as compared with control mice. In addition, BTC treatment increased messenger RNA (mRNA)...
Source: Molecular Medicine - June 14, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Oh YS, Shin S, Li HY, Park EY, Lee SM, Choi CS, Lim Y, Jung HS, Jun HS Tags: J Mol Med (Berl) Source Type: research
Epigenetic Regulation of Placenta-Specific 8 Contributes to Altered Function of Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Exposed to Intrauterine Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
This study provides strong evidence in neonatal endothelial progenitor cells that GDM exposure in utero leads to altered gene expression and DNA methylation, suggesting the possibility of altered epigenetic regulation.
Source: Diabetes - June 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Blue, E. K.; Sheehan, B. M.; Nuss, Z. V.; Boyle, F. A.; Hocutt, C. M.; Gohn, C. R.; Varberg, K. M.; McClintick, J. N.; Haneline, L. S. Tags: Genetics/Genomes/Proteomics/Metabolomics Source Type: research
Cineromycin B isolated from Streptomyces cinerochromogenes inhibits adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells via Krüppel-like factors 2 and 3
In this study, we sought to identify a unique anti-adipogenesis agent from microorganisms and to examine its mechanism of action to gain knowledge and create a tool and/or seed compound for anti-obesity drug discovery research. Main method Screening for anti-adipogenesis agents from microorganisms was performed using a 3T3-L1 cell differentiation system, and an active compound was isolated. The inhibitory mechanism of the compound was investigated by measuring the expression of key regulators using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Key findings The compound with anti-adipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 cell...
Source: Life Sciences - June 27, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Hepatic TLR4 Signaling in Obese NAFLD.
CONCLUSION: TLR4 expression is up-regulated in a large cohort of NASH patients, when compared to those with NAFL, and this occurs within the setting of increased LPS and fatty acids.
PMID: 26113297 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Gastroi... - June 25, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sharifnia T, Antoun J, Verriere TG, Suarez G, Wattacheril J, Wilson KT, Peek RM, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR Tags: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol Source Type: research
