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Condition: Obesity

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Total 449 results found since Jan 2013.

Parabrachial Interleukin-6 Reduces Body Weight and Food Intake and Increases Thermogenesis to Regulate Energy Metabolism
Publication date: 12 March 2019Source: Cell Reports, Volume 26, Issue 11Author(s): Devesh Mishra, Jennifer E. Richard, Ivana Maric, Begona Porteiro, Martin Häring, Sander Kooijman, Saliha Musovic, Kim Eerola, Lorena López-Ferreras, Eduard Peris, Katarzyna Grycel, Olesya T. Shevchouk, Peter Micallef, Charlotta S. Olofsson, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm, Harvey J. Grill, Ruben Nogueiras, Karolina P. SkibickaSummaryChronic low-grade inflammation and increased serum levels of the cytokine IL-6 accompany obesity. For brain-produced IL-6, the mechanisms by which it controls energy balance and its role in obesity remain unclear. H...
Source: Cell Reports - March 14, 2019 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Asprosin impairs insulin secretion in response to glucose and viability through TLR4/JNK-mediated inflammation
This report suggests asprosin as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes through preservation of β-cell function.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - March 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The role of the fat mass and obesity-associated protein in the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells.
Authors: Tang X, Liu S, Chen D, Zhao Z, Zhou J Abstract Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein has been identified as a critical demethylase in regulating cellular mRNA stability by removing N6-methyladenosine (m6A) residues in mRNA. Even though the role of FTO in body energy metabolism has been well established, its role in cancer cell homeostasis remains unclear. In the present study, by using RNA interference, it was indicated that FTO is required for pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Knockdown of FTO resulted in compromised proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, DNA synthesis was comp...
Source: Oncology Letters - February 7, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Lett Source Type: research

Lipopolysaccharide promoted proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes through JAK/STAT and AMPK-regulated cPLA2 expression.
Authors: Chang CC, Sia KC, Chang JF, Lin CM, Yang CM, Huang KY, Lin WN Abstract The proliferation and adipogenesis of preadipocytes played important roles in the development of adipose tissue and contributed much to the processes of obesity. On the other hand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, is a key outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria in the gut microbiota, and has a dominant role in linking inflammation to high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Studies suggested the potential roles of LPS in hepatic steatosis and in obese mice models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlyi...
Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences - January 22, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Int J Med Sci Source Type: research

Chemerin promotes angiogenesis in  vivo
In this study, we have investigated whether chemeri n regulates angiogenic processes and validated the associated mechanisms. In this study, chemerin stimulated angiogenesis in mice, which was demonstrated using Matrigel plug implantation assay, mouse corneal models of angiogenesis, and ex vivo rat aortic ring assay. To explore the mechanisms by whi ch chemerin induced angiogenesis, we examined the effects of chemerin in human umbilical vein endothelium cells (HUVECs). Chemerin stimulated the differentiation of HUVECs into capillary‐like structures, promoted the proliferation of HUVECs, and functioned as a chemoattracta...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 26, 2018 Category: Physiology Authors: Nobuhisa Nakamura, Keiko Naruse, Yasuko Kobayashi, Megumi Miyabe, Tomokazu Saiki, Atsushi Enomoto, Masahide Takahashi, Tatsuaki Matsubara Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Salvianolic acids improve liver lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats via blocking STAT-3/SREBP1 signaling
In conclusion, these findings illustrated that salvianolic acids markedly alleviated the lipid metabolism disorders and protected against the postmenopausal obesity. The underlying mechanism was probably associated with the regulation of STAT-3 signaling.
Source: Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines - November 29, 2018 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

FAM3B (PANDER) functions as a co-activator of FOXO1 to promote gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes.
In conclusion, PANDER protein is abundantly present in the nucleus, where it functions as a new co-activator of FOXO1 to induce gluconeogenic gene expression in hepatocytes. PMID: 30488666 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: J Cell Mol Med - November 28, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Chi Y, Meng Y, Wang J, Yang W, Wu Z, Li M, Wang D, Gao F, Geng B, Tie L, Zhang W, Yang J Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Repin1 deficiency in liver tissue alleviates NAFLD progression in mice
This study provides evidence that loss of Repin1 in the liver attenuates NAFLD progression, most likely by reducing fat accumulation and alleviating chronic tissue inflammation. Thus, modulating Repin1 expression may become a novel strategy and potential tool to inhibit NAFLD progression.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Advanced Research - November 23, 2018 Category: Research Source Type: research

Complement 1q-like-3 protein inhibits insulin secretion from pancreatic {beta}-cells via the cell adhesion G protein-coupled receptor BAI3 Cell Biology
Secreted proteins are important metabolic regulators in both healthy and disease states. Here, we sought to investigate the mechanism by which the secreted protein complement 1q-like-3 (C1ql3) regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, a key process affecting whole-body glucose metabolism. We found that C1ql3 predominantly inhibits exendin-4– and cAMP-stimulated insulin secretion from mouse and human islets. However, to a lesser extent, C1ql3 also reduced insulin secretion in response to KCl, the potassium channel blocker tolbutamide, and high glucose. Strikingly, C1ql3 did not affect insulin secretion stimula...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 23, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Rajesh Gupta, Dan C. Nguyen, Michael D. Schaid, Xia Lei, Appakalai N. Balamurugan, G. William Wong, Jeong-a Kim, James E. Koltes, Michelle E. Kimple, Sushant Bhatnagar Tags: Metabolism Source Type: research

The TRPC6-AMPK Pathway is Involved in Insulin-Dependent Cytoskeleton Reorganization and Glucose Uptake in Cultured Rat Podocytes
Conclusion: These results suggest a potentially important new mechanism that regulates glucose transport in podocytes and that could be injurious during diabetes.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;51:393 –410
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - November 19, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Genome-wide profiling of histone H3K27 acetylation featured fatty acid signalling in pancreatic beta cells in diet-induced obesity in mice
Conclusions/interpretationThese results suggest novel roles for DNA-binding proteins and fatty acid signalling in obesity-induced epigenomic regulation of beta cell function.Data availabilityThe next-generation sequencing data in the present study were deposited at ArrayExpress.RNA-Seq:Dataset name: ERR2538129 (Control), ERR2538130 (Diet-induced obesity)Repository name and number: E-MTAB-6718 - RNA-Seq of pancreatic islets derived from mice fed a long-term high-fat diet against chow-fed controls.ChIP-Seq:Dataset name: ERR2538131 (Control), ERR2538132 (Diet-induced obesity)Repository name and number: E-MTAB-6719 - H3K27ac C...
Source: Diabetologia - November 5, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Baicalein stimulates fibroblast growth factor 21 expression by up-regulating retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α in C2C12 myotubes
Publication date: January 2019Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 109Author(s): Takao Hirai, Kohei Nomura, Rie Ikai, Ken-ichi Nakashima, Makoto InoueAbstractRetinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR) α has been implicated in various physiological functions, including the immune system, inflammation, and circadian rhythms. In the present study, the synthetic RORα/γ agonist SR1078 stimulated the production and gene expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in C2C12 myotubes. FGF21, a member of the FGF family, plays important roles in the regulation of peripheral glucose tolerance and lipid meta...
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - November 4, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Nod1-mediated lipolysis promotes diacylglycerol accumulation and successive inflammation via PKCδ-IRAK axis in adipocytes
Publication date: Available online 2 November 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of DiseaseAuthor(s): Aditya Sharma, Chandan K. Maurya, Deepti Arha, Amit K. Rai, Sushmita Singh, Salil Varshney, Jonathan D. Schertzer, Akhilesh K. TamrakarAbstractChronic inflammation contributes to obesity mediated metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance. Obesity is associated with altered microbial load in metabolic tissues that can contribute to metabolic inflammation. Different bacterial components such as, LPS, peptidoglycans have been shown to underpin metabolic disturbances through interactio...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - November 3, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Baicalein stimulates fibroblast growth factor 21 expression by up-regulating retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α in C2C12 myotubes.
Abstract Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR) α has been implicated in various physiological functions, including the immune system, inflammation, and circadian rhythms. In the present study, the synthetic RORα/γ agonist SR1078 stimulated the production and gene expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in C2C12 myotubes. FGF21, a member of the FGF family, plays important roles in the regulation of peripheral glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism and improves metabolic health. The mRNA expression and secretion of FGF21 was significantly weaker in Rora-silenced cells than in cells transf...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - November 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hirai T, Nomura K, Ikai R, Nakashima KI, Inoue M Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research

Resveratrol attenuates high fat diet-induced mouse cardiomyopathy through upregulation of estrogen related receptor- α.
Resveratrol attenuates high fat diet-induced mouse cardiomyopathy through upregulation of estrogen related receptor-α. Eur J Pharmacol. 2018 Oct 17;: Authors: Lu Y, Lu X, Wang L, Yang W Abstract Resveratrol reportedly promotes the improvement of cardiac dysfunction and other cardiovascular diseases. Studies demonstrate resveratrol exhibits a set of benefits, including anti-oxidative property, anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation. However, the molecular mediators of resveratrol-induced cardiac benefits are still not fully disclosed. Present study aims to investigate whether estrogen-related receptor (...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 17, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lu Y, Lu X, Wang L, Yang W Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research