Right amygdala and caudate activation patterns predict implicit attitudes toward people with autism spectrum disorders and physical disabilities, respectively
In this study, we focused on implicit attitudes toward people with ASD and physical disabilities, which are more visible than ASD, and investigated whether implicit attitudes were predicted by using neural activity with multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) in the prejudice network. Thirty-six, right-handed, Japanese, university students without disabilities participated. Two implicit association tests (IAT) toward people with ASD and physical disabilities revealed negative implicit attitudes. In the MRI scanner, participants performed a one-back task by using the same picture sets of IATs to examine their neural responses to...
Source: Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience - September 19, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Susumu Yokota Teruo Hashimoto Yutaka Matsuzaki Shigeyuki Ikeda Ryuta Kawashima Source Type: research
Right amygdala and caudate activation patterns predict implicit attitudes toward people with autism spectrum disorders and physical disabilities, respectively
In this study, we focused on implicit attitudes toward people with ASD and physical disabilities, which are more visible than ASD, and investigated whether implicit attitudes were predicted by using neural activity with multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) in the prejudice network. Thirty-six, right-handed, Japanese, university students without disabilities participated. Two implicit association tests (IAT) toward people with ASD and physical disabilities revealed negative implicit attitudes. In the MRI scanner, participants performed a one-back task by using the same picture sets of IATs to examine their neural responses to...
Source: Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience - September 19, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Susumu Yokota Teruo Hashimoto Yutaka Matsuzaki Shigeyuki Ikeda Ryuta Kawashima Source Type: research
Complexity and function of family involvement in advance care planning: A qualitative study of perspectives from people living with advanced cancer, family members and healthcare professionals
CONCLUSIONS: Two mechanisms of how family involvement may enable goal-concordant care were identified: family members' support provision and their preparation for realising patients' wishes. Healthcare professionals should assess family's readiness to engage in advance care planning, and the time required to prepare them for the process.PMID:37723885 | DOI:10.1177/02692163231194202 (Source: Palliative Medicine)
Source: Palliative Medicine - September 19, 2023 Category: Palliative Care Authors: Megumi Kishino Jonathan Koffman Hiroaki Nagatomi Misuzu Yuasa Clare Ellis-Smith Source Type: research
Complexity and function of family involvement in advance care planning: A qualitative study of perspectives from people living with advanced cancer, family members and healthcare professionals
CONCLUSIONS: Two mechanisms of how family involvement may enable goal-concordant care were identified: family members' support provision and their preparation for realising patients' wishes. Healthcare professionals should assess family's readiness to engage in advance care planning, and the time required to prepare them for the process.PMID:37723885 | DOI:10.1177/02692163231194202 (Source: Palliative Medicine)
Source: Palliative Medicine - September 19, 2023 Category: Palliative Care Authors: Megumi Kishino Jonathan Koffman Hiroaki Nagatomi Misuzu Yuasa Clare Ellis-Smith Source Type: research
Cost-effectiveness analysis of nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for patients with unresectable advanced or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction or esophageal adenocarcinoma in Japan
ConclusionsApplying the Japanese cancer threshold of USD75,000 –150,000/QALY, NIVO + Chemo was not cost-effective for patients with advanced or metastatic HER2-negative GC/GEJC/EAC in Japan from the perspective of healthcare payer. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - September 19, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Physical characteristics of deep learning-based image processing software in computed tomography: a phantom study
ConclusionDLIPFBP reduced image noise while maintaining a resolution similar to commercially available MBIR and DLR. The slight spatial frequency shift offP in DLIPFBP contributed to the noise texture degradation suppression. The NPS suppression in the low spatial frequency range effectively improved the low-contrast detectability. (Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine)
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 19, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
Cost-effectiveness analysis of nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for patients with unresectable advanced or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction or esophageal adenocarcinoma in Japan
ConclusionsApplying the Japanese cancer threshold of USD75,000 –150,000/QALY, NIVO + Chemo was not cost-effective for patients with advanced or metastatic HER2-negative GC/GEJC/EAC in Japan from the perspective of healthcare payer. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: Journal of Gastroenterology - September 19, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
A validation study for wide-range remote assessment of cognitive functions in the healthy older Japanese population: a pilot randomised crossover trial
The assessment of a wide range of cognitive functions using video teleconference (VTC) systems cannot be applied in practice yet. We aimed to determine the feasibility and reliability of previously unvalidated... (Source: BMC Geriatrics)
Source: BMC Geriatrics - September 19, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Yuki Takakura, Mika Otsuki, Ryo Takagi and Kiyohiro Houkin Tags: Research article Source Type: research
Timing of Elective Cesarean Section and Neonatal Outcomes in Term Singleton Deliveries: A Single-Center Experience
Conclusion Our findings suggest that elective cesarean sections might be best scheduled at 39 weeks or later. When considering a cesarean at 38 weeks, it appears that 384/7 weeks of gestation or later could be a preferable timing in the context of reducing neonatal risks. However, as the composite outcome includes mostly minor conditions, the clinical significance of this finding needs to be carefully interpreted.
Key Points
[...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Ame...
Source: American Journal of Perinatology - September 19, 2023 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Takahashi, Daijiro Fujino, Yoshihisa Sato, Tomoki Kuramoto, Akitaka Kawakami, Shoichi Ito, Masaharu Goto, Kei Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Highlights from the literature
This study was conducted using the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study in Pregnant women and included 50 obstetric clinics and hospitals in Japan [7097 children in this study, 3674 were boys (51.8%) and 3423 were girls (48.2%)]. Screen time was categorised into four categories; 3440 children (48.5%) had less... (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - September 19, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Miscellanea Source Type: research
Role of procalcitonin in predicting complications of Kawasaki disease
Scenario A 2-year-old Japanese boy presented with a 3-day history of fever. He was lethargic and tachycardic, which made clinicians suspect sepsis. He was hospitalised for antibiotic treatment. On day 5, he developed bilateral conjunctivitis and erythematous lips. His cervical lymph nodes were enlarged, and erythema multiforme-like rashes were observed on the trunk. He was diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD), and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy was administered. He required two courses of IVIG as he did not respond to the initial treatment. He eventually developed coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs). On blood tests...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - September 19, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Iio, K., Hanna, H., Beykou, M., Gale, C., Herberg, J. A. Tags: ADC Archimedes Source Type: research
Adaptation and measurement invariance of the 13-item version of Patient Activation Measure across Japanese young adult cancer survivors during and after treatment: A cross-sectional observational study
This study confirmed the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Japanese version of PAM-13 across them during and after treatment. We used cross-sectional observational data collected through an online survey from 500 survivors in January 2022. We determined feasibility, internal consistency, concurr ent validity against physical fatigue and depression, and known-groups validity regarding educational level. Structural validity was also found using Rasch analysis for survivors both during and after treatment. Furthermore, measurement invariance of the PAM-13 was examined using multiple-group stru ctural e...
Source: PLoS One - September 19, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Takafumi Soejima Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1952: Real-World Experience of the Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Combination Therapy with Remdesivir and Monoclonal Antibodies versus Remdesivir Alone for Patients with Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 and Immunosuppression: A Retrospective Single-Center Study in Aichi, Japan
Hiroshige Mikamo
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues to threaten global public health. Remdesivir and monoclonal antibodies have shown promise for COVID-19 treatment of patients who are immunocompromised, including those with cancer, transplant recipients, and those with autoimmune disorder. However, the effectiveness and safety of this combination therapy for patients who are immunosuppressed remain unclear. We compared the efficacy and safety of combination therapy and remdesivir monotherapy for patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 who were immunosuppressed. Eighty-six patients treated in July 2...
Source: Viruses - September 19, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Jun Hirai Nobuaki Mori Daisuke Sakanashi Wataru Ohashi Yuichi Shibata Nobuhiro Asai Hideo Kato Mao Hagihara Hiroshige Mikamo Tags: Article Source Type: research
IJERPH, Vol. 20, Pages 6782: Exploration of the Relationships between Men & rsquo;s Healthy Life Expectancy in Japan and Regional Variables by Integrating Statistical Learning Methods
In this study, we developed a regression model that combines multiple linear regression and a random forest model, exploring the relationship between men’s healthy life expectancy in Japan and regional variables from open sources at the city level as an illustrative case. Optimization of node-splitting in each decision tree was based on the total mean-squared error of multiple regression models in binary-split child nodes. Variations of standardized partial regression coefficients for each city were obtained as the ensemble of multiple trees and visualized on scatter plots. By considering them, interaction te...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - September 19, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Fumiya Sato Keiko Nakamura Tags: Article Source Type: research
U.S. regains the lead in friendly x-ray laser “arms race”
The United States has regained the global lead in x-ray lasers. The Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II), a so-called x-ray free electron laser (X-FEL) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park, California, has produced its first flashes of x-rays, lab officials announced today. Supporting studies of everything from the structures of biomolecules to the conditions in the cores of planets, the upgraded machine will produce data 8,000 times faster than the original LCLS and in some ways surpass its main rival, the European X-FEL near Hamburg, Germany.
“There isn’t anything you can do at the European...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - September 18, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
