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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Alzheimer's

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Total 647 results found since Jan 2013.

Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis is Associated With the Cognitive Decline in Patients With NondisablingIschemic Stroke: a Cross-sectional Study of Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment.
CONCLUSION: In this cross-sectional study of a population that has experienced a minor stroke, our findings demonstrated a positive association between ICAS and post-stroke cognitive impairment. PMID: 32124696 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - March 2, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Gong L, Wang H, Dong Q, Zhu X, Zheng X, Gu Y, Cai W, Zhao YX, Liu X Tags: Curr Alzheimer Res Source Type: research

Thiol-mediated and catecholamine-enhanced multimerization of a cerebrovascular disease enriched fragment of NOTCH3.
Abstract Cerebral small vessel disease is a common condition linked to dementia and stroke. As an age-dependent brain pathology, cerebral SVD may share molecular processes with core neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Many neurodegenerative diseases feature abnormal protein accumulation and aberrant protein folding, resulting in multimerization of specific proteins. We investigated if a small NOTCH3 N-terminal fragment (NTF) that co-registers with pathologically affected cells in the inherited SVD, CADASIL, is capable of multimerization. We also characterized endogenous small mo...
Source: Experimental Neurology - February 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Young KZ, Cartee NMP, Ivanova MI, Wang MM Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Modeling Mixed Vascular and Alzheimer ’s Dementia Using Focal Subcortical Ischemic Stroke in Human ApoE4-TR:5XFAD Transgenic Mice
AbstractSubcortical white matter ischemic lesions are increasingly recognized to have pathologic overlap in individuals with Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). The interaction of white matter ischemic lesions with amyloid pathology seen in AD is poorly characterized. We designed a novel mouse model of subcortical white matter ischemic stroke and AD that can inform our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of mixed vascul ar and AD dementia. Subcortical white matter ischemic stroke underlying forelimb motor cortex was induced by local stereotactic injection of an irreversible eNOS inhibitor. Subcortical white mat...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 20, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Immunotherapy for Parkinson's disease.
Abstract With the increasing prevalence of Parkinson's disease, there is an immediate need to interdict disease signs and symptoms. In recent years this need was met through therapeutic approaches focused on regenerative stem cell replacement and alpha-synuclein clearance. However, neither have shown long-term clinical benefit. A novel therapeutic approach designed to affect disease is focused on transforming the brain's immune microenvironment. As disordered innate and adaptive immune functions are primary components of neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, this has emerged as a clear opportunity for therapeuti...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - January 20, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Schwab AD, Thurston MJ, Machhi JP, Olson KE, Namminga KL, Gendelman HE, Mosley RL Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Neuroprotective and Neurestorative Effects of Epo and VEGF: Perspectives for New Therapeutic Approaches to Neurological Diseases.
CONCLUSION: Because the Epo and VEGF signalling pathways are connected in several ways, we conclude that more experimental studies, primarily studies designed to thoroughly assess the functional interactions between Epo and VEGF in the brain under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions, are needed. PMID: 31942853 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Epilepsy Curr - January 12, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Ureña-Guerrero ME, Castañeda-Cabral JL, Rivera-Cervantes MC, Macias-Velez RJ, Jarero-Basulto JJ, Gudiño-Cabrera G, Beas-Zárate C Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Dectin-1/Syk signaling triggers neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke in mice
Dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1) receptor has been reported to be involved in neuroinflammation in Alzheimer ’s disease and traumatic brain injury. The present study was designed to investig...
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - January 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Xin-Chun Ye, Qi Hao, Wei-Jing Ma, Qiu-Chen Zhao, Wei-Wei Wang, Han-Han Yin, Tao Zhang, Miao Wang, Kun Zan, Xin-Xin Yang, Zuo-Hui Zhang, Hong-Juan Shi, Jie Zu, Hafiz Khuram Raza, Xue-Ling Zhang, De-Qin Geng & hellip; Tags: Research Source Type: research

Lactate: More Than Merely a Metabolic Waste Product in the Inner Retina
AbstractThe retina is an extension of the central nervous system and has been considered to be a simplified, more tractable and accessible version of the brain for a variety of neuroscience investigations. The optic nerve displays changes in response to underlying neurodegenerative diseases, such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer ’s disease, as well as inner retinal neurodegenerative disease, e.g., glaucoma. Neurodegeneration has increasingly been linked to dysfunctional energy metabolism or conditions in which the energy supply does not meet the demand. Likewise, increasing lactate levels have been correlated...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Anti-hypertensive agents in Alzheimer's disease: beyond vascular protection.
Authors: Lebouvier T, Chen Y, Duriez P, Pasquier F, Bordet R Abstract INTRODUCTIONMidlife hypertension has been consistently linked with increased risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Observational studies and randomized trials show that the use of antihypertensive therapy is associated with a lesser incidence or prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, whether anti-hypertensive agents specifically target the pathological process of AD remains elusive.AREAS COVEREDThis review of literature provides an update on the clinical and preclinical arguments supporting anti-AD properties of ...
Source: Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics - December 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Expert Rev Neurother Source Type: research

When the Brain Yearns for Oxygen.
Abstract Nearly 30 years ago hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) was described as a protein complex bound to regulatory DNA sequences termed hypoxia response elements because HIF binding induced transcription of the erythropoietin gene under hypoxia. However, it soon became clear that HIF is part of a ubiquitous cellular oxygen sensing system, which ensures finely tuned control of HIF abundance and activity in dependence of the cellular oxygen tension. For their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability Gregg L. Semenza, William G. Kaelin Jr. and Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe received the Nobel Prize in ...
Source: Neuro-Signals - December 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Leu T, Schützhold V, Fandrey J, Ferenz KB Tags: Neurosignals Source Type: research

The microbiome-gut-brain axis in acute and chronic brain diseases.
Abstract The gut microbiome - the largest reservoir of microorganisms of the human body - is emerging as an important player in neurodevelopment and ageing as well as in brain diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The growing knowledge on mediators and triggered pathways has advanced our understanding of the interactions along the gut-brain axis. Gut bacteria produce neuroactive compounds and can modulate neuronal function, plasticity and behavior. Furthermore, intestinal microorganisms impact the host's metabolism and immune status which in turn affect neuronal pathways in the en...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurobiology - December 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Benakis C, Martin-Gallausiaux C, Trezzi JP, Melton P, Liesz A, Wilmes P Tags: Curr Opin Neurobiol Source Type: research

From Stroke to Dementia: a Comprehensive Review Exposing Tight Interactions Between Stroke and Amyloid- β Formation
AbstractStroke and Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) are cerebral pathologies with high socioeconomic impact that can occur together and mutually interact. Vascular factors predisposing to cerebrovascular disease have also been specifically associated with development of AD, and acute stroke is known to increase the risk to develop d ementia.Despite the apparent association, it remains unknown how acute cerebrovascular disease and development of AD are precisely linked and act on each other. It has been suggested that this interaction is strongly related to vascular deposition of amyloid- β (Aβ), i.e., cerebral amyloid angiopa...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 27, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The gut microbiome in neurological disorders
Publication date: Available online 18 November 2019Source: The Lancet NeurologyAuthor(s): John F Cryan, Kenneth J O'Riordan, Kiran Sandhu, Veronica Peterson, Timothy G DinanSummaryResearch into the role of the gut microbiome in modulating brain function has rapidly increased over the past 10 years, albeit chiefly in animal models. Increasing clinical and preclinical evidence implicates the microbiome as a possible key susceptibility factor for neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. Cross-sectional clinical studies are bolstering ...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - November 19, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Amyloid pathology in the brain after ischemia.
Authors: Pluta R, Ułamek-Kozioł M, Januszewski S, Czuczwar S Abstract As the population is aging all over the world, the economic burden of ischemic brain injuries is constantly increasing. Human brain ischemia is one of the leading causes of premature death, significant morbidity and physical and mental disabilities, resulting in a lower quality of life and unusually high costs of health and social care. One of the most difficult problems associated with the pathology of the brain after ischemia is progressive dementia observed in people who survived the stroke. More recently, brain ischemia has been shown to el...
Source: Folia Neuropathologica - October 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Folia Neuropathol Source Type: research

Blood pressure and the brain: the neurology of hypertension.
Abstract Hypertension affects more than one in four adults. The brain is an early target of hypertension-induced organ damage, and may manifest as stroke, subclinical cerebrovascular abnormalities and dementia. Hypertension-related small vessel disease can cause vascular dementia and can potentiate Alzheimer's pathology, lowering the threshold at which signs and symptoms manifest. Many hypertensive emergencies may also have a neurological presentation, such as hypertensive encephalopathy, haemorrhagic stroke or pre-eclampsia. Here we highlight the importance of blood pressure in maintaining brain health and the br...
Source: Practical Neurology - September 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Kelly DM, Rothwell PM Tags: Pract Neurol Source Type: research

Feasibility of home-based, self-applied transcranial direct current stimulation to enhance motor learning in middle-aged and older adults
We read with great interest the recent letter sent to you by McConnell and colleagues [1], in which they discuss one of the first applications of truly independent home-based electrical brain stimulation, applied following safety recommendations. Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique capable of modulating cortical excitability beyond the stimulation period [2,3]. tDCS presents interesting options as a therapeutic intervention in multiple neurological disorders, such as stroke, depression, chronic pain, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer ’s and Parkinson’s disease [4,5].
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - September 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Pablo Maceira-Elvira, Traian Popa, Anne-Christine Schmid, Friedhelm C. Hummel Source Type: research