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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Alzheimer's

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Total 647 results found since Jan 2013.

Epigenetic regulators of neuronal ferroptosis identify novel therapeutics for neurological diseases: HDACs, transglutaminases, and HIF prolyl hydroxylases.
Abstract A major thrust of our laboratory has been to identify how physiological stress is transduced into transcriptional responses that feed back to overcome the inciting stress or its consequences, thereby fostering survival and repair. To this end, we have adopted the use of an in vitro model of ferroptosis, a caspase-independent, but iron-dependent form of cell death (Dixon et al., 2012; Ratan, 2020). In this review, we highlight three distinct epigenetic targets that have evolved from our studies and which have been validated in vivo studies. In the first section, we discuss our studies of broad, pan-selecti...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Rroji O, Kumar A, Karuppagounder SS, Ratan RR Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Immunomagnetic Reduction Detects Plasma A β 1–42 Levels as a Potential Dominant Indicator Predicting Cognitive Decline
AbstractAlthough the concentrations of Alzheimer ’s disease (AD) biomarkers Aβ1 –40, A β1 –42 and tau protein are very low in human plasma, ultrasensitive assays such as immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) are able to precisely quantify them. Review articles have described the detailed working mechanism of IMR and revealed the feasibility of detecting early-stage AD by assaying these plasma biomarkers with IMR. In this review, we aimed to compare the significance of these plasma biomarkers in predicting cognitive decline in patients with Down syndrome, stroke, or amnestic mild cognitive impairment based on findings in t...
Source: Neurology and Therapy - October 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Applications of Acupuncture Therapy in Modulating the Plasticity of Neurodegenerative Disease and Depression: Do MicroRNA and Neurotrophin BDNF Shed Light on the Underlying Mechanism?
Abstract As the global population ages, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases has risen. Furthermore, it has been suggested that depression, especially in elderly people, may also be an indication of latent neurodegeneration. Stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) are usually accompanied by depression. The urgent challenge is further enforced by psychiatric comorbid conditions, particularly the feeling of despair in these patients. Fortunately, as our understanding of the neurobiological substrates of maladies affecting the central nervous system (CNS) has increased, more therapeutic ...
Source: Neural Plasticity - October 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Li X, Zhao J, Li Z, Zhang L, Huo Z Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Targeting of Perforin Inhibitor into the Brain Parenchyma Via a Prodrug Approach Can Decrease Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation and Improve Cell Survival
AbstractThe cytolytic protein perforin has a crucial role in infections and tumor surveillance. Recently, it has also been associated with many brain diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. Therefore, inhibitors of perforin have attracted interest as novel drug candidates. We have previously reported that converting a perforin inhibitor into an L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1)-utilizing prodrug can improve the compound ’s brain drug delivery not only across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) but also into the brain parenchymal cells: neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. The present study evaluated whet...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - September 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Telemedicine and Virtual Reality for Cognitive Rehabilitation: A Roadmap for the COVID-19 Pandemic
The current COVID-19 pandemic presents unprecedented new challenges to public health and medical care delivery. To control viral transmission, social distancing measures have been implemented all over the world, interrupting the access to routine medical care for many individuals with neurological diseases. Cognitive disorders are common in many neurological conditions, e.g., stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and other types of dementia, Parkinson's disease and parkinsonian syndromes, and multiple sclerosis, and should be addressed by cognitive rehabilitation interventions. To be effective, cognitive reh...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - September 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Application of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Ischemic Stroke, and Dementia: A Systematic Review
Conclusions: Changes in retinal microvasculature identified using OCTA are associated with monogenic SVD and different stages of AD, but data are limited and partly confounded by methodological differences. Larger studies with risk factors adjustment and more consistent OCTA methods are needed to fully exploit this technology.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020166929.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - September 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Evaluation of serum galectin-3 levels at Alzheimer patients by stages: a preliminary report
ConclusionIn conclusion, serum galactin-3 levels may be associated with AD and maybe a potential biomarker for the identification of disease in the early stages. In future years, serum galectin-3 levels may become an important biomarker and therapeutic agent for chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
Source: Acta Neurologica Belgica - August 26, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Reduced thiamine is a predictor for cognitive impairment of cerebral infarction
ConclusionsReduced thiamine is one of the predictors for early cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction.
Source: Brain and Behavior - August 4, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Liang Feng, Weilei He, Guiqian Huang, Shasha Lin, Chengxiang Yuan, Haoran Cheng, Jincai He, Yiming Liu Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

The association of rs2233679 in the PIN1 gene promoter with the risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese female individuals
Cerebral vascular dysfunction is associated with various neurological disorders, which often share some common mechanisms with cardiovascular diseases especially Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).1 –6 Pin1 (encoded by the PIN1 gene) is a key enzyme in humans and is implicated in Alzheimer disease by suppressing amyloid–β deposition and tau aggregation.7–11 Recently, we hypothesized that Pin1 may cause cerebrovascular atherosclerosis and aggravate ischemia-related neurological disorders. 12 However, the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms of PIN1 and vascular atherosclerosis in humans is still not clear.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Jing-Zhang Wang, Wen-Tao Du, Jing Bai, Shu-Zhen Cheng, Yu-Hua Zhang Source Type: research

Relationship between Urinary Alzheimer-Associated Neuronal Thread Protein and Apolipoprotein Epsilon 4 Allele in the Cognitively Normal Population.
Abstract We investigated the relationship between urinary Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) levels and apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (ApoE ɛ4) alleles, as well as other factors that cause cognitive decline, in the cognitively normal population. We recruited 329 cognitively normal right-handed Han Chinese subjects who completed ApoE gene testing and urinary AD7c-NTP testing. There was no significant difference in urinary AD7c-NTP levels between the normal control and subjective cognitive decline groups. Urinary AD7c-NTP levels were significantly higher in subjects with ApoE ɛ3/4 and 4/4 [0.6074 (...
Source: Neural Plasticity - June 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Li Y, Kang M, Sheng C, Chen G, Li T, Wang J, Cai Y, Wang R, Han Y Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is penetrating to dementia research.
Abstract 1. Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was first reported in Wuhan, China, in late December, 2019. Despite the tremendous efforts to control the disease, SARS-CoV-2 has infected 1,5 million people and caused the death of more than a hundred thousand people across the globe as of writing. Recently, Mao et al. [1] investigated the penetration potential of SARS-CoV-2 into the central nervous system in 214 patients. They reported that 36.4% of the patients had some neurologic findings which are ranged from nonsp...
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - May 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bostanciklioglu M, Temiz E Tags: Curr Neurovasc Res Source Type: research

Mesial Frontal Lobe Infarction Presenting as Pisa Syndrome
Pisa syndrome is usually seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease, or atypical parkinsonism including multiple system atrophy. An 86-year-old woman presented with an acute onset of lateral flexion of her trunk to the left side, i.e., Pisa syndrome. She also showed left hemiparesis predominantly in her lower extremity. Her diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images showed acute infarction in the right premotor area and supplementary motor area.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Kazuyuki Noda, Maya Ando, Takayuki Jo, Anri Hattori, Kotaro Ogaki, Mizuho Sugiyama, Nobutaka Hattori, Yasuyuki Okuma Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Association between aluminum in drinking water and incident Alzheimer's disease in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging cohort.
Abstract Epidemiological evidence linking aluminum in drinking water and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been inconsistent, with previous studies often limited by small sample sizes. The present study addresses this issue using data from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA), a prospective cohort of 10,263 subjects followed-up from 1991-1992 through 2001-2002. Participants' residential histories were linked to municipal drinking water sources in 35 Canadian municipalities to obtain ecologic pH, aluminum, fluoride, iron and silica concentrations in drinking water. Cox proportional hazards models were used to e...
Source: Neurotoxicology - April 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Van Dyke N, Yenugadhati N, Birkett NJ, Lindsay J, Turner MC, Willhite CC, Krewski D Tags: Neurotoxicology Source Type: research

Microglia and macrophage metabolism in CNS injury and disease: The role of immunometabolism in neurodegeneration and neurotrauma.
Abstract Innate immune responses, particularly activation of macrophages and microglia, are increasingly implicated in CNS disorders. It is now appreciated that the heterogeneity of functions adopted by these cells dictates neuropathophysiology. Research efforts to characterize the range of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes and functions adopted by microglia and macrophages are fueled by the potential for inflammatory cells to both exacerbate neurodegeneration and promote repair/disease resolution. The stimulation-based, M1/M2 classification system has emerged over the last decade as a common langu...
Source: Experimental Neurology - April 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Devanney NA, Stewart AN, Gensel JC Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Association between Anemia and Dementia-A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.
CONCLUSION: The present population-based cohort study identified that newly diagnosed anemia is a risk factor for dementia and also that iron supplementation was able to reduce the risk of dementia in people with iron deficiency anemia. PMID: 32183675 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - March 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Hong CT, Hsieh YC, Liu HY, Chiou HY, Chien LN Tags: Curr Alzheimer Res Source Type: research