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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Alzheimer's

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Total 647 results found since Jan 2013.

Obscure Involvement of MYC in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuronal Repair
AbstractMYC is well known as a potent oncogene involved in regulating cell cycle and metabolism. Augmented MYC expression leads to cell cycle dysregulation, intense cell proliferation, and carcinogenesis. Surprisingly, its increased expression in neurons does not induce their proliferation, but leads to neuronal cell death and consequent development of a neurodegenerative phenotype. Interestingly, while cancer and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer ’s disease are placed at the opposite sides of cell division spectrum, both start with cell cycle dysregulation and stimulation of proliferation. It seems that MYC a...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Repurposing Vorinostat for the Treatment of Disorders Affecting Brain
AbstractBased on the findings in recent years, we summarize the therapeutic potential of vorinostat (VOR), the first approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, in disorders of brain, and strategies to improve drug efficacy and reduce side effects. Scientific evidences provide a strong case for the therapeutic utility of VOR in various disorders affecting brain, including stroke, Alzheimer ’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy, epilepsy, Niemann-Pick type C disease, and neuropsychiatric dis...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - May 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular Disease and Cognitive Outcome in Patients with Cardiac Disease
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726330The pace of understanding cognitive decline and dementia has rapidly accelerated over the past decade, with constantly evolving insights into the vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Notably, more overlap has been discovered in the pathophysiology between what was previously understood to be Alzheimer's disease and VCID, leading to a heightened emphasis on disease prevention through early and aggressive control of vascular risk factors. One particularly vulnerable population may be those with cardiac disease, as they are at risk for cerebrovascular dise...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - April 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Johansen, Michelle C. Gottesman, Rebecca F. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

T1AM-TAAR1 signalling protects against OGD-induced synaptic dysfunction in the entorhinal cortex.
Abstract Abnormalities in thyroid hormones (TH) availability and/or metabolism have been hypothesized to contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to be a risk factor for stroke. Recently, 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM), an endogenous amine putatively derived from TH metabolism, gained interest for its ability to promote learning and memory in the mouse. Moreover, T1AM has been demonstrated to rescue the β-Amyloid dependent LTP impairment in the entorhinal cortex (EC), a brain area crucially involved in learning and memory and early affected during AD. In the present work, we have investigated the effect of T1AM on is...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - January 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Tozzi F, Rutigliano G, Borsò M, Falcicchia C, Zucchi R, Origlia N Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

The Importance of Non-Invasive Imaging in Understanding the Glymphatic System in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
The glymphatic, or glial-lymphatic system was only recently recognized to have an important role in the pathophysiology of several diseases including Alzheimer ’s, trauma, stroke, and normal pressure hydrocephalus [1]. Unlike the rest of the body that uses lymphatic vessels, the brain’s glial cells or astrocytes serve this function. The three main components of this network are the peri-arterial space, brain parenchyma, and peri-venous space. Briefly, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is pushed into peri-vascular, or Virchow-Robin, spaces within the brain by arterial pulsation [2].
Source: Parkinsonism and Related Disorders - January 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Richard Rammo, Sean Nagel Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

A Reliable and Rapid Language Tool for the Diagnosis, Classification, and Follow-Up of Primary Progressive Aphasia Variants
Conclusions: The “PARIS” is an efficient, rapid, and highly examiner-consistent language test for the diagnosis, classification, and follow-up of frequent PPA variants. It might also be a valuable tool for providing end-points in future therapeutic trials on PPA and other neurodegenerative diseases affecting language processing.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Covert strokes prior to Alzheimer's disease onset accelerate peri-lesional pathology but not cognitive deficits in an inducible APP mouse model.
In conclusion, our results suggest that a history of two subclinical strokes prior to AD onset does not worsen early disease trajectory in a mouse model. PMID: 33412147 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - January 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu M, Beckett T, Am Thomason L, Dorr A, Stefanovic B, McLaurin J Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Case Report: 18F-MK6240 Tau Positron Emission Tomography Pattern Resembling Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in a Retired Australian Rules Football Player
Conclusion: Although lacking neuropathological examination to distinguish CTE from a variant of AD, the clear demonstration of a CTE-like tau pattern in a single at-risk individual suggests further research on the potential of 18F-MK6240 PET for identifying CTE is warranted.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - December 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Statins, Risk of Death and Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Dementia: A Registry-Based Observational Cohort Study.
CONCLUSION: The use of statins might be beneficial for the survival and ischemic stroke risk in patients with dementia in a dose-dependent manner. PMID: 33327915 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - December 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bojana P, Hong X, Marta VL, Bengt W, Milica GK, Maria E, Sara GP Tags: Curr Alzheimer Res Source Type: research

Depression, dementia and immune dysregulation
We present evidence that by treating the inflammatory changes, depression can be reversed in many cases. Importantly, there is evidence that anti-inf lammatory and antidepressant treatments may reduce or prevent dementia in people with depression. Thus, we propose a model in which chronic stress and inflammation combine to increase brain permeability and cytokine production. This leads to microglial activation, white matter damage, neuronal and g lial cell loss. This is first manifest as depression and mild cognitive impairment, but can eventually evolve into dementia. Further research may identify clinical subgroups with ...
Source: Brain - December 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Insight into the roles of CCR5 in learning and memory in normal and disordered states.
Abstract As cognitive impairments continue to rise in prevalence, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of learning and memory in normal and disordered states. C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) has been implicated in the regulation of multiple forms of learning and memory via its regulation on learning-related cell signaling and neuronal plasticity. As a chemokine receptor and a co-receptor for HIV, CCR5's role in immune response and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) has been widely studied. In contrast, CCR5 is less understood in cognitive deficits associated with other disorders, includi...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - December 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Necula D, Riviere-Cazaux C, Shen Y, Zhou M Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Neuroprotective and Neurorestorative Effects of Epo and VEGF: Perspectives for New Therapeutic Approaches to Neurological Diseases.
CONCLUSION: Because the Epo and VEGF signalling pathways are connected in several ways, we conclude that more experimental studies, primarily studies designed to thoroughly assess the functional interactions between Epo and VEGF in the brain under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions, are needed. PMID: 31942853 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Epilepsy Curr - November 20, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Ureña-Guerrero ME, Castañeda-Cabral JL, Rivera-Cervantes MC, Macias-Velez RJ, Jarero-Basulto JJ, Gudiño-Cabrera G, Beas-Zárate C Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Association Between Small Vessel Disease Markers, Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy and Cognitive Impairment After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Two-thirds of stroke survivors suffer from cognitive impairment, and up to one-third of them progress to dementia. However, the underlying pathogenesis is complex and controversial. Recent evidence has found that cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) markers and the Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuroimaging marker medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTLA), alone or in combination, contribute to the pathogenesis of poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, we synthesized proof for these neuroimaging risk factors among stroke patients.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 20, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Furu Wang, Sunyu Hua, Yue Zhang, Hongchang Yu, Zhongshuai Zhang, Jiangtao Zhu, Rong Liu, Zhen Jiang Source Type: research

The Potential Clinical Properties of Magnesium.
Abstract A significant percentage of costs in pharmaceutical markets is devoted to supplements, due to the confidence of consumers on the beneficial effects of these products. Magnesium is one of the supplements with enduring and increasing popularity. According to what is reported online this metal ion can cure, or prevent, almost all kind of diseases. This review aims at illustrating a series of scientifically demonstrated cases in which magnesium was used in clinical practice. Except for its ordinary use as antacid and laxative, other ascertained uses, reported in scientific literature, consist in helping to tr...
Source: Epilepsy Curr - November 16, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Crisponi G, Nurchi VM, Cappai R, Zoroddu MA, Gerosa C, Piras M, Faa G, Fanni D Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

APOE Genotypes and Brain Imaging Classes in Normal Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease: a Longitudinal Study.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the APOE ε3 allele is probably linked to the brain vascular pathology. PMID: 33167837 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - November 8, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Camarda C, Torelli P, Pipia C, Sottile G, Cilluffo G, Camarda R Tags: Curr Alzheimer Res Source Type: research