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Total 791 results found since Jan 2013.

Molecules, Vol. 20, Pages 335-347: Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Vinpocetine in Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Stroke: A Review of the Literature
Immune responses play an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke. Atherosclerosis is a common condition that increases the risk of stroke. Hyperlipidemia damages endothelial cells, thus initiating chemokine pathways and the release of inflammatory cytokines—this represents the first step in the inflammatory response to atherosclerosis. Blocking blood flow in the brain leads to ischemic stroke, and deprives neurons of oxygen and energy. Damaged neurons release danger-associated molecular patterns, which promote the activation of innate immune cells and the release of inflammatory cytok...
Source: Molecules - December 26, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Linjie ZhangLi Yang Tags: Review Source Type: research

Genistein: a Boon for Mitigating Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract In last decades, diet and dietary components have been regarded as important strategies to prevent the development or mitigate numerous chronic diseases, including inflammation, cardiovascular pathologies, cancer, etc. One of the most common dietary components of Asian population is soy. A plethora of research shows the promising effect of soy soy-based foodstuffs and genistein, which is one of the predominant isoflavone compounds, in the prevention and mitigation of stroke. Growing evidence shows that genistein, which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, mitigates ischemic stroke-induced damages t...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - April 27, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Nabavi SF, Daglia M, Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Orhan IE, Nabavi SM Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant drugs for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are disorders with increasing prevalence. The presence of CKD increases the risk of incident AF and vice versa, and the presence of AF may accelerate CKD progression. Nearly a third of patients with established CKD also have AF, whilst half of AF patients may have some degree of renal dysfunction. Both AF and CKD are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, including significantly increased risk of stroke or systemic embolism. Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAC), either with vitamin K antagonists or with non-vitamin K oral ant...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - February 10, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Potpara TS, Jokic V, Dagres N, Larsen TB, Lane DA, Hindricks G, Lip GY Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

CD36-mediated Phagocytosis in Ischemic Stroke Neurobiology
Infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages (M-MΦ) influence stroke-induced brain injury. Although the inflammatory nature of M-MΦ in acute stroke has been well documented, their role during the resolution phase of stroke is less clear. With emerging evidence for the involvement of scavenger receptors in innate immunity, this study addresses an M-MΦ CD36 role in mediating phagocytosis during the recovery phase of stroke. Stroke increases CD36 and TSP-1/2 mRNA levels in the ipsilateral hemisphere at acute (3-day (d)) and recovery (7d) periods. Quantification of total, intracellular, and cell surface CD36 protein levels sho...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 3, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Woo, M.-S., Yang, J., Beltran, C., Cho, S. Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research

Cell Surface CD36 Protein in Monocyte/Macrophage Contributes to Phagocytosis during the Resolution Phase of Ischemic Stroke in Mice Neurobiology
Infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages (M-MΦ) influence stroke-induced brain injury. Although the inflammatory nature of M-MΦ in acute stroke has been well documented, their role during the resolution phase of stroke is less clear. With emerging evidence for the involvement of scavenger receptors in innate immunity, this study addresses an M-MΦ CD36 role in mediating phagocytosis during the recovery phase of stroke. Stroke increases CD36 and TSP-1/2 mRNA levels in the ipsilateral hemisphere at acute (3-day (d)) and recovery (7d) periods. Quantification of total, intracellular, and cell surface CD36 protein levels sho...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 3, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Moon-Sook Woo, Jiwon Yang, Cesar Beltran, Sunghee Cho Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research

Determination of endogenous inflammation-related lipid mediators in ischemic stroke rats using background subtracting calibration curves by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
In this study, a robust and direct endogenous quantitative method using background subtracting calibration curves by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was first developed for the determination of endogenous lipid mediators in ischemic stroke rats. Absolute quantification without surrogate matrix could be achieved by using background subtracting calibration curves, which were corrected and verified from standard curves constructed on original matrix. The recoveries of this method were in the range of 50.3-98.3%, the precision with the relative standard deviation was less than 13.8%, and the accuracy with the re...
Source: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry - September 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yang Y, Zhong Q, Mo C, Zhang H, Zhou T, Tan W Tags: Anal Bioanal Chem Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke and kynurenines: medicinal chemistry aspects.
Abstract Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and permanent disability in developed countries. Stroke induces massive glutamate release, which in turn causes N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor over-excitation and thus calcium overload in neurons leading to cell death via apoptotic cascades. The kynurenine pathway is a complex enzymatic cascade of tryptophan catabolism, generating various neuroactive metabolites. One metabolite, kynurenic acid (KYNA), is a potent endogenous NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist, making it a possible therapeutic tool to decrease excitotoxicity and neuroinflammati...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - March 12, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hertelendy P, Toldi J, Fulop F, Vecsei L Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

The association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and post-stroke depression.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased NLRs at admission are found to be correlated with PSD and may add prognostic information for the early discovery of PSD. PMID: 30130533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - August 18, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chen H, Luan X, Zhao K, Qiu H, Liu Y, Tu X, Tang W, He J Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Integration of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with machine learning for identifying fatty acid metabolite biomarkers of ischemic stroke.
We report for the first time the integration of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with machine learning for identifying fatty acid metabolite biomarkers of ischemic stroke. In particular, we develop an optimal model to discriminate ischemic stroke patients from healthy persons with 100% sensitivity and 93.18% specificity. This research may facilitate understanding the roles of fatty acid metabolites in stroke occurrence, holding great potential in clinical stroke diagnosis. PMID: 32409805 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chemical Communications - May 14, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Zhang L, Ma F, Qi A, Liu L, Zhang J, Xu S, Zhong Q, Chen Y, Zhang CY, Cai C Tags: Chem Commun (Camb) Source Type: research

Role of long noncoding RNA MEG3/miR-378/GRB2 axis in neuronal autophagy and neurological functional impairment in ischemic stroke Neurobiology
This study aims to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of the pathway consisting of MEG3 (maternally expressed gene 3), microRNA-378 (miR-378), and GRB2 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 2) in neuronal autophagy and neurological functional impairment in ischemic stroke. A mouse model of the middle cerebral artery occluded–induced ischemic stroke and an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation–induced neuronal injury were developed. To understand the role of the MEG3/miR-378/GRB2 axis in the neuronal regulation, the expression of proteins associated with autophagy in neurons was measured by Western blotting an...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 9, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hong-Cheng Luo, Ting-Zhuang Yi, Fu-Gao Huang, Ying Wei, Xiao-Peng Luo, Qi-Sheng Luo Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke disrupts the endothelial glycocalyx through activation of proHPSE via acrolein exposure Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, glycosaminoglycans, a component of the endothelial glycocalyx, were studied in the context of ischemic stroke using a photochemically induced thrombosis mouse model. Decreased levels of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate and increased activity of hyaluronidase 1 and heparanase (HPSE) were observed in ischemic brain tissues. HPSE expression in cerebral vessels increased after stroke onset and infarct volume greatly decreased after co-administration of N-acetylcysteine + glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides as compared with N-acetylcysteine administration alone. These results suggest that the endothelial gl...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 25, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kenta Ko, Takehiro Suzuki, Ryota Ishikawa, Natsuko Hattori, Risako Ito, Kenta Umehara, Tomomi Furihata, Naoshi Dohmae, Robert J. Linhardt, Kazuei Igarashi, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research

Association of homocysteine level with adverse outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: Elevated homocysteine level is independently associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality but not recurrent stroke or poor functional outcome in patients with AIS. However, additional well-designed studies are required to confirm the findings of this meta-analysis.PMID:33874865 | DOI:10.2174/0929867328666210419131016
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - April 20, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Heng Zhang Jiabin Huang Yongjing Zhou Yu Fan Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 5488: The Effect of a New N-hetero Cycle Derivative on Behavior and Inflammation against the Background of Ischemic Stroke
Kiseleva Vadim V. Negrebetsky Yuri I. Baukov Ischemic stroke triggers a whole cascade of pathological changes in the brain, one of which is postischemic inflammation. Since in such cases thrombolytic therapy is often not possible, methods that modulate inflammation and affect microglia become particularly interesting. We synthesized 3-(2-oxo-4-phenylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate calcium(II) (Compound 4) and studied its anti-inflammatory activity in in vitro and in vivo models of inflammation and ischemia. Macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 was treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and Compound 4 at various dosa...
Source: Molecules - August 26, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Denis A. Borozdenko Tatiana A. Shmigol Aiarpi A. Ezdoglian Darya I. Gonchar Natalia. Y. Karpechenko Dmitri N. Lyakhmun Anastasia D. Shagina Elvira A. Cherkashova Daria D. Namestnikova Ilya L. Gubskiy Anastasia A. Chernysheva Nina M. Kiseleva Vadim V. Negr Tags: Article Source Type: research

Understanding the Multifaceted Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract The evolution of ischemic brain damage is strongly affected by an inflammatory reaction that involves soluble mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, and specialized cells activated locally or recruited from the periphery. The immune system affects all phases of the ischemic cascade, from the acute intravascular reaction due to blood flow disruption, to the development of brain tissue damage, repair and regeneration. Increased endothelial expression of adhesion molecules and blood-brain barrier breakdown promote extravasation and brain recruitment of blood-borne cells, including macrophages, neutroph...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - December 27, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Amantea D, Tassorelli C, Petrelli F, Certo M, Bezzi P, Micieli G, Corasaniti MT, Bagetta G Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research