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Nutrition: Vitamins

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Total 289 results found since Jan 2013.

ARHGEF10L Promotes Cervical Tumorigenesis via RhoA-Mediated Signaling
This study investigated the pathogenic role and mechanism of ARHGEF10L in cervical tumors.METHODS: The HeLa cell line, which was derived from cervical carcinoma, was transfected with ARHGEF10L-overexpressing plasmids or anti-ARHGEF10L siRNA. Cell counting kit-8 assays, wound-healing assays, and cell apoptosis assays were performed to investigate the effects of ARHGEF10L on cell activities. A Rho pull-down assay and RNA-sequencing analysis were performed to investigate the pathogenic pathway of ARHGEF10L involvement in cervical tumors.RESULTS: ARHGEF10L overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration, reduced cell ...
Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine - April 9, 2021 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Junyi Tang Kehua Fang Chang Li Xiaotian Chang Source Type: research

Vitamin D receptor promotes global nucleotide excision repair by facilitating XPC dissociation from damaged DNA
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is important for normal DNA repair though the mechanism by which it acts is unclear. Following focal ultraviolet irradiation to create subnuclear spots of DNA damage, epidermal keratinocytes from VDR-null mice as well as human epidermal keratinocytes depleted of VDR with siRNA removed pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproducts more slowly than control cells. Co-staining with antibodies to XPC, the DNA damage recognition sensor which initiates nucleotide excision repair, revealed that XPC rapidly accumulated at spots of damage and gradually faded in control human keratinocytes.
Source: Journal of Investigative Dermatology - January 28, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Christian T. Wong, Dennis H. Oh Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

ERK1/2 inhibition reduces vascular calcification by activating miR-126-3p-DKK1/LRP6 pathway
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that activation of miR-126-3p production in ECs/SMCs and interactions between ECs and SMCs play an important role in reduction of vascular calcification by ERK1/2 inhibition.
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Peng Zeng, Jie Yang, Lipei Liu, Xiaoxiao Yang, Zhi Yao, Chuanrui Ma, Haibo Zhu, Jiamin Su, Qian Zhao, Ke Feng, Shu Yang, Yan Zhu, Xiaoju Li, Wenguang Wang, Yajun Duan, Jihong Han, Yuanli Chen Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Shikonin induces odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via AKT-mTOR signaling in the presence of CD44.
Conclusions: Shikonin can stimulate dental pulp stem cells to undergo odontoblastic differentiation through a mechanism involving the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway and CD44. Although expression of CD44 is important for inducing odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells, the relationship between the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway and CD44 expression, in the context of shikonin stimulation, has not yet been elucidated. This study suggests that shikonin may be useful for inducing odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells, and that it may have clinical applications, including protection of the dental pulp....
Source: Connective Tissue Research - December 20, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Connect Tissue Res Source Type: research

Menaquinone-7 protects astrocytes by regulating mitochondrial function and inflammatory response under hypoxic conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first to confirm that MK-7 can protect astrocytes from hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity, possibly by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Gas6 may also participate in these protective effects. PMID: 33090426 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - October 23, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

P38 MAPK Signaling Mediates Retinoic Acid-Induced CD103 Expression in Human Dendritic Cells.
In this study, we analyzed the cell type specificity and the molecular mechanisms involved in RA-induced CD103 expression. We show that RA treatment caused a significant upregulation of CD103 in differentiated monocyte-derived DCs and blood DCs, but not in differentiated monocyte-derived macrophages or T cells. DC treatment with an RARα agonist lead to a similar increase in CD103 expression as RA treatment, while RARA gene silencing with siRNA blocked RA-induced upregulation of CD103, pointing to a major role of RARα in the regulation of CD103 expression. To elucidate RA-induced signaling downstream of RARα, we used Wes...
Source: Immunology - July 31, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Roe MM, Hashimi M, Swain S, Woo KM, Bimczok D Tags: Immunology Source Type: research

Vitamin D regulates claudin-2 and claudin-4 expression in active ulcerative colitis by p-Stat-6 and Smad-7 signaling
ConclusionsOur results indicate that the effects of vitamin D on Cl-2 and Cl-4 are mediated by p-Stat-6 and Smad-7 signal, respectively. The study suggests that vitamin D administration to UC patients could be a useful therapeutic intervention, given that vitamin D deficiency is found in these patients.
Source: International Journal of Colorectal Disease - June 26, 2020 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

643 XPC dissociation from damaged DNA and efficient global nucleotide excision repair depend on vitamin D receptor
Vitamin D and its receptor, VDR, together and independently, have been associated with DNA repair, though the mechanism by which they act is unclear. Upon ultraviolet irradiation through 3 mm pores in otherwise opaque filters to create focal spots of DNA damage, epidermal keratinocytes from both VDR-null mice and human keratinocytes depleted of VDR with siRNA exhibited slower removal of 6-4 photoproducts than normal control cells over 90 minutes. Co-staining with antibodies to XPC, the initial UV-induced DNA damage recognition sensor, revealed that XPC rapidly accumulated at DNA damage foci and gradually faded over 90 minu...
Source: Journal of Investigative Dermatology - June 17, 2020 Category: Dermatology Authors: C. Wong, D.H. Oh Tags: Photobiology Source Type: research

Vitamin D reduces autophagy by regulating NF- κB resistance to Aspergillus fumigatus infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency can aggravate the inflammatory damage in the lungs of Aspergillus fumigatus. When the body is sufficient in vitamin D, if the lungs infect Aspergillus fumigatus spores, the body may resist the infection of Aspergillus fumigatus by reducing the expression of NF-κB, inflammatory factors and autophagy. PMID: 32485309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Gene - May 29, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Hu S, Dai J, Chen X Tags: Gene Source Type: research

Astragalus improve aging bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) vitality and osteogenesis through VD-FGF23-Klotho axis.
This study confirmed that astragalus could inhibit the aging of BMSCs and improve the osteogenesis ability by regulating the VD-FGF23-Klotho pathway. This study provided a certain research basis for the therapeutic of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on primary osteoporosis. PMID: 32355520 [PubMed]
Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology - May 3, 2020 Category: Pathology Authors: Pu X, Chai Y, Guan L, Li W, Gao J, Jiang Z, Li Q, Wu Y, Chen Y Tags: Int J Clin Exp Pathol Source Type: research

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα)-dependent regulation of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23).
Abstract Bone cells secrete fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a hormone that inhibits the synthesis of active vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) and induces phosphate excretion in the kidney. In addition, it exerts paracrine effects on other cells including hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, and immune cells. The production of FGF23 is controlled by different factors including parathyroid hormone, 1,25(OH)2D3, alimentary phosphate, insulin, inflammation, and AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) regulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a transcription factor with anti-infla...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - March 17, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Ewendt F, Hirche F, Feger M, Föller M Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research

1 α, 25(OH)2D3 regulates agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor clustering through upregulation of rapsyn expression in C2C12 myotubes.
1α, 25(OH)2D3 regulates agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor clustering through upregulation of rapsyn expression in C2C12 myotubes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Feb 18;: Authors: Arakawa M, Wagatsuma A Abstract The active form of vitamin D (1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α, 25(OH)2D3], referred to as 1,25D) has been suggested to play a pivotal role in skeletal muscle function and metabolism. However, the mechanisms through which 1,25D functions in this tissue remain to be elucidated. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D signaling regulates neuromuscular maintenance and improves locomotion in...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - February 17, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Arakawa M, Wagatsuma A Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Modulators of Fam210a and Roles of Fam210a in the Function of Myoblasts
In conclusion, Fam210a might enhance myoblast differentiation and proteolysis. Moreover, insulin and 1,25(OH)2D may induce myoblast differentiation and degradation by enhancing the expression of Fam210a.
Source: Calcified Tissue International - January 23, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Vitamin B6 inhibits macrophage activation to prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced acute pneumonia in mice.
Abstract Macrophage activation participates in the pathogenesis of pulmonary inflammation. As a coenzyme, vitamin B6 (VitB6) is mainly involved in the metabolism of amino acids, nucleic acids, glycogen and lipids. We have previously reported that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) produces anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. Whether VitB6 via AMPK activation prevents pulmonary inflammation remains unknown. The model of acute pneumonia was induced by injecting mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The inflammation was determined by measuring the levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), I...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - January 21, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shan MR, Zhou SN, Fu CN, Song JW, Wang XQ, Bai WW, Li P, Song P, Zhu ML, Ma ZM, Liu Z, Xu J, Dong B, Liu C, Guo T, Zhang C, Wang SX Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research