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Nutrition: Vitamins

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Total 289 results found since Jan 2013.

1173 Inducible DNA repair of UV photoproducts depends on vitamin D receptor
Ultraviolet radiation (UV) initiates vitamin D synthesis by converting 7-dehydrocholesterol to pre-vitamin D3 that is converted to 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D3) and then 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3). However, UV also generates DNA damage that is repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER). We tested the hypothesis that vitamin D signaling elicits compensatory responses to the DNA damage incurred during vitamin D synthesis. Treatment of human keratinocytes with either UVB or with 1,25D3 or 25D3 induced the DNA damage recognition protein, XPC, and induction was suppressed by either siRNA targeting the vitamin D receptor ...
Source: Journal of Investigative Dermatology - April 19, 2018 Category: Dermatology Authors: A. Scandurra, C. Wong, T. Kaur Oberoi, D. Oh Tags: Photobiology Source Type: research

Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 trans-activates 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 24-hydroxylase gene expression in renal proximal tubular cells.
Abstract The physiological activity of the steroid derived hormone vitamin D is regulated by several enzymatic steps. Both 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) modulate blood levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, an activated form of vitamin D. We previously demonstrated that CYP27B1 expression was trans-activated by sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), although whether SREBP1 also regulates CYP24A1 transcription was unclear. Here we investigated the ability of SREBP1 to affect CYP24A1 transcription. In a luciferase reporter assay, mouse a...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 10, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kagawa T, Kozai M, Masuda M, Harada N, Nakahashi O, Tajiri M, Yoshikawa R, Nakao M, Takei Y, Iwano M, Takeda E, Taketani Y, Yamamoto H Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Vitamin A-coupled liposomes containing siRNA against HSP47 ameliorate skin fibrosis in chronic graft-versus-host disease
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is characterized by multiorgan fibrosis and profoundly affects the quality of life of transplant survivors. Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), a collagen-specific molecular chaperone, plays a critical role in collagen synthesis in myofibroblasts. We explored the role of HSP47 in the fibrotic process of cutaneous chronic GVHD in mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed massive fibrosis with elevated amounts of collagen deposits and accumulation of F4/80+ macrophages, as well as myofibroblasts expressing HSP47 and retinol-bin...
Source: Blood - March 29, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Yamakawa, T., Ohigashi, H., Hashimoto, D., Hayase, E., Takahashi, S., Miyazaki, M., Minomi, K., Onozawa, M., Niitsu, Y., Teshima, T. Tags: Transplantation Source Type: research

Inhibition of BMP4 and Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin Expression in LX-2 Hepatic Stellate Cells by BMP4-siRNA Lipid Based Nanoparticle.
Conclusion: VA-coated liposomes were successfully designed to deliver BMP4-siRNA to specifically target HSC. The novel delivery system discussed herein may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis in the future. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see "For Readers") may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue's contents page. PMID: 29578859 [PubMed - in process]
Source: J Pharm Pharm Sci - March 28, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Omar R, Yang J, Alrushaid S, Burczynski FJ, Minuk GY, Gong Y Tags: J Pharm Pharm Sci Source Type: research

Vitamin A Deficiency Induces Autistic ‐Like Behaviors in Rats by Regulating the RARβ‐CD38‐Oxytocin Axis in the Hypothalamus
Conclusions: Gestational VAD might be a risk factor for autistic‐like behaviors due to the RARβ signal suppression of CD38 expression in the hypothalamus of the offspring, which improved with VAS during the early‐life period. The nutritional status during pregnancy and the early‐life period is important in rats.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Nahrung / Food - December 21, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Xi Lai, Xiaofeng Wu, Nali Hou, Shu Liu, Qing Li, Ting Yang, Jingkun Miao, Zhifang Dong, Jie Chen, Tingyu Li Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Rs739837 Polymorphism in MiR-885-3p Binding Site Within 3 ’-Untranslated Region of Vitamin D Receptor is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Pressure Ulcers
Conclusion: VDR is a virtual target of miR-885-3p, and rs739837 might be a predictive biomarker for the risk of pressure ulcers.Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:2129 –2137
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - December 14, 2017 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

GSE107438 25D3 and 1,25D3 target gene profiles in LNCaP
In this study, we investigated whole genome target gene profiles and intracellular behaviors of VDR after administration of 25D3 or 1,25D3 in prostate cancer LNCaP cells to elucidate the hormonal activity of 25D3. First, we confirmed that LNCaP cells possessed functional 25D3-VDR as well as 1,25D3-VDR signaling systems by qRT-PCR. By immunofluorescent examination of nuclear translocation, western blotting and most importantly, knockdown o f CYP27B1 and/or VDR after the introduction of the respective siRNA into these cells, we found that, just like 1,25D3, 10-7 M of 25D3, which is within its uppermost physiological concentr...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - December 1, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Homo sapiens Source Type: research

Calcitriol regulates immune genes CD14 and CD180 to modulate LPS responses in human trophoblasts
We assessed the response of primary cultures of placental villous mononucleated trophoblasts and multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast to calcitriol, the most biologically active form of vitamin D. Whole-genome microarray data showed that calcitriol modulates the expression of many genes in trophoblasts within 6 hours of exposure and RT-qPCR revealed similar responses in cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts and villous explants. Both cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts expressed genes for the vitamin D receptor, for LRP2 and CUBN that mediate internalization of calcidiol, for CYP27B1 that encodes the enzyme that conve...
Source: Reproduction - October 31, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Longtine, M. S., Cvitic, S., Colvin, B. N., Chen, B., Desoye, G., Nelson, D. M. Tags: Research Source Type: research

Treatment of pulmonary fibrosis with siRNA against a collagen-specific chaperone HSP47 in vitamin A-coupled liposomes.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that VA-lip-siRNA HSP47 improves pulmonary fibrosis in not only preventive, but also therapeutic schedules, and thus, this drug delivery system should provide a novel therapy for refractory pulmonary fibrosis. PMID: 29035148 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Lung Research - October 17, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: Exp Lung Res Source Type: research

A new combination therapy for asthma using dual-function dexamethasone-conjugated polyethylenimine and vitamin D binding protein siRNA
T Rhim
Source: Gene Therapy - September 21, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: M Choi J Gu M Lee T Rhim Source Type: research

Pyridoxine improves hippocampal cognitive function via increases of serotonin turnover and tyrosine hydroxylase, and its association with CB1 cannabinoid receptor-interacting protein and the CB1 cannabinoid receptor pathway
Conclusion These results suggest that pyridoxine promotes hippocampal functions by increasing serotonin and tyrosine hydroylase immunoreactivity in the hippocampus. This positive effect may be associated with CRIP1a and CB1 cannabinoid receptor function. General Significance. Vitamin-B6 enhances hippocampal functions and this is closely associated with CRIP1a and CB1 cannabinoid receptors.
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) General Subjects - September 19, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Development of a Peptide-Modified siRNA Nanocomplex for Hepatic Stellate Cells
Publication date: Available online 7 September 2017 Source:Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine Author(s): Zhen Zhao, Yuanke Li, Akshay Jain, Zhijin Chen, Hao Liu, Wei Jin, Kun Cheng Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) is overexpressed in activated Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and therefore can be utilized for HSC-specific drug delivery. We recently discovered an IGF2R-specific peptide using a novel biopanning. Here, we adopted biotin-conjugated IGF2R-specific peptide, cholesterol, and vitamin A as the targeting ligands for the neutravidin-based siRNA nanocomplex to deliver PCBP2 siRNA, a potentia...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - September 8, 2017 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research

Effects of Ascorbyl-2-phosphate Magnesium on Human Keratinocyte Toxicity and Pathological Changes by Sorafenib.
Abstract Hand-foot skin reaction is recognized as one of the most common adverse events related to multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but an effective prevention method has not been identified. The chief aim of this study was to find a mechanism-based preventive method for the skin toxicity induced by sorafenib using vitamin C derivatives. The effects of ascorbyl-2-phosphate magnesium (P-VC-Mg) on the molecular and pathological changes induced by sorafenib were investigated in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. The cell growth inhibition and apoptotic effects of sorafenib were attenuated by P-VC-Mg. Moreover, P-VC-...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - September 6, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yamamoto K, Shichiri H, Ishida T, Kaku K, Nishioka T, Kume M, Makimoto H, Nakagawa T, Hirano T, Bito T, Nishigori C, Yano I, Hirai M Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

A new combination therapy for asthma using dual function dexamethsone-conjugated polyethylenimine and vitamin D binding protein siRNA
Gene Therapy, Published online: 28 August 2017; doi:10.1038/gt.2017.83
Source: Gene Therapy - August 28, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: M Choi J Gu M Lee T Rhim Source Type: research