Roles of peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 in disease pathogenesis
Pin1 belongs to the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (PPIases) superfamily and catalyzes the cis-trans conversion of proline in target substrates to modulate diverse cellular functions including cell cycle progression, cell motility, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of Pin1 has wide-ranging influences on the fate of cells; therefore, it is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge of Pin1 in disease pathogenesis. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jingyi Li, Chunfen Mo, Yifan Guo, Bowen Zhang, Xiao Feng, Qiuyue Si, Xiaobo Wu, Zhe Zhao, Lixin Gong, Dan He, Jichun Shao Tags: Review Source Type: research

SAM68 promotes tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma by regulating metabolic conversion via PKM alternative splicing
Conclusions: SAM68 promotes LUAD cell tumorigenesis and cancer metabolic programming via binding of the 351-443 aa region of SAM68 to the RGG motif of hnRNP A1, driving hnRNP A1-dependent PKM splicing, contributing to increased oncogene PKM2 isoform formation and inhibition of PKM1 isoform formation. SAM68 is therefore a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of LUAD. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Song Zhu, Weiping Chen, Jizhong Wang, Ling Qi, Huilin Pan, Zhengfu Feng, Dongbo Tian Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Hypoxia-induced Nur77 activates PI3K/Akt signaling via suppression of Dicer/let-7i-5p to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
Conclusion: Our data uncovered a novel mechanistic link connecting Nur77, Akt, and invasive properties of CRC in the hypoxic microenvironment. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zeyu Shi, Sally K. Y. To, Shuaishuai Zhang, Shan Deng, Margarita Artemenko, Minda Zhang, Juan Tang, Jin-Zhang Zeng, Alice S.T. Wong Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

ILT4 inhibition prevents TAM- and dysfunctional T cell-mediated immunosuppression and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy in NSCLC with EGFR activation
Conclusions: ILT4 was induced by activation of EGFR-AKT and ERK1/2 signaling in NSCLC cells. Overexpressed ILT4 suppressed tumor immunity by recruiting M2-like TAMs and impairing T cell response, while ILT4 inhibition prevented immunosuppression and tumor promotion. Furthermore, ILT4 inhibition enhanced the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitor in EGFR wild-type but not in EGFR mutant NSCLC. Our study identified novel mechanisms for EGFR-mediated tumor immune escape, and provided promising immunotherapeutic strategies for patients with EGFR-activated NSCLC. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiaozheng Chen, Aiqin Gao, Fang Zhang, Zijiang Yang, Shuyun Wang, Yuying Fang, Juan Li, Jingnan Wang, Wenjing Shi, Linlin Wang, Yan Zheng, Yuping Sun Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Colon tissue-accumulating mesoporous carbon nanoparticles loaded with Musca domestica cecropin for ulcerative colitis therapy
Conclusion: MDC@MCNs alleviated DSS-induced UC by ameliorating colonic epithelial cells damage, inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress, enhancing colonic tight junctions, and regulating intestinal flora. This colon-accumulating oral drug delivery nanoplatform may provide a novel and precise therapeutic strategy for UC. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lun Zhang, Shuiqing Gui, Yinghua Xu, Jiali Zeng, Jian Wang, Qingru Chen, Liqian Su, Ziyan Wang, Rui Deng, Fujiang Chu, Wenbin Liu, Xiaobao Jin, Xuemei Lu Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Targeting miR-21 with NL101 blocks c-Myc/Mxd1 loop and inhibits the growth of B cell lymphoma
Conclusion: NL101 significantly inhibited the growth of B cell lymphoma in vitro and in vivo. The novel c-Myc/miR-21/Mxd1 positive-feedback loop is critical for the maintenance of B cell lymphoma survival. Targeting miR-21 to block c-Myc/miR-21/Mxd1 loop represents a novel potential strategy of c-Myc-directed therapy. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shu Li, Xin He, Yichao Gan, Jiawei Zhang, Feiqiong Gao, Limin Lin, Xi Qiu, Teng Yu, Xuzhao Zhang, Panpan Chen, Jiefeng Tong, Wenbin Qian, Yang Xu Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Mutation of SPINOPHILIN (PPP1R9B) found in human tumors promotes the tumorigenic and stemness properties of cells
Conclusions: SPN-A566V, or other equivalent mutations, could be late events that promote tumor progression by increasing the CSC pool and, eventually, the malignant behavior of the tumor. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Eva M Verdugo-Sivianes, Ana M Rojas, Sandra Mu ñ oz-Galv á n, Daniel Otero-Albiol, Amancio Carnero Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is doubled by Aldh7a1 deletion in the KPC mouse
Conclusion: Inhibitions of ALDH7A1 and oxidative phosphorylation using gossypol and phenformin resulted in a regression of tumor formation in xenograft mice model and KPC mice model. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jae-Seon Lee, Ho Lee, Sang Myung Woo, Hyonchol Jang, Yoon Jeon, Hee Yeon Kim, Jaewhan Song, Woo Jin Lee, Eun Kyung Hong, Sang-Jae Park, Sung-Sik Han, Soo-Youl Kim Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Immunotherapy for targeting cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma
The rapid development and remarkable success of checkpoint inhibitors have provided significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, only 15-20% of HCC patients can benefit from checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for recurrence, metastasis, and local and systemic therapy resistance in HCC. Accumulating evidence has suggested that HCC CSCs can create an immunosuppressive microenvironment through certain intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms, resulting in immune evasion. Intrinsic evasion mechanisms mainly include activation of immune-related CSC sign...
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiaomeng Dai, Yixuan Guo, Yan Hu, Xuanwen Bao, Xudong Zhu, Qihan Fu, Hangyu Zhang, Zhou Tong, Lulu Liu, Yi Zheng, Peng Zhao, Weijia Fang Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cell membranes targeted unimolecular prodrug for programmatic photodynamic-chemo therapy
Conclusion: The innovative programmatic treatment strategy provides new strategy for the design of follow-up anticancer drugs. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jie Yuan, Rong Peng, Dongdong Su, Xingxing Zhang, Hepeng Zhao, Xiujuan Zhuang, Mei Chen, Xiaobing Zhang, Lin Yuan Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Ovarian hormones-autophagy-immunity axis in menstruation and endometriosis
Menstruation occurs in few species and involves a cyclic process of proliferation, breakdown and regeneration under the control of ovarian hormones. Knowledge of normal endometrial physiology, as it pertains to the regulation of menstruation, is essential to understand disorders of menstruation. Accumulating evidence indicates that autophagy in the endometrium, under the regulation of ovarian hormones, can result in the infiltration of immune cells, which plays an indispensable role in the endometrium shedding, tissue repair and prevention of infections during menstruation. In addition, abnormal autophagy levels, together ...
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hui-Hui Shen, Tao Zhang, Hui-Li Yang, Zhen-Zhen Lai, Wen-Jie Zhou, Jie Mei, Jia-Wei Shi, Rui Zhu, Feng-Yuan Xu, Da-Jin Li, Jiang-Feng Ye, Ming-Qing Li Tags: Review Source Type: research

Abraxane-induced bone marrow CD11b+ myeloid cell depletion in tumor-bearing mice is visualized by μ PET-CT with 64Cu-labeled anti-CD11b and prevented by anti-CSF-1
Conclusions: Abraxane-induced bone marrow CD11b+ myeloid cell depletion in tumor-bearing mice could be noninvasively assessed by μPET-CT with 64Cu-αCD11b and prevented by αCSF-1. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Qizhen Cao, Qian Huang, Y. Alan Wang, Chun Li Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors promote DNA damage in ovarian cancer and synergize with ATM/ATR inhibitors
Conclusions: ALDHi can be used to induce DNA DSB in cancer cells and synergize with inhibitors the ATM/ATR pathway. Our data suggest a novel therapeutic approach to target HR proficient ovarian cancer cells. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Edward Grimley, Alexander J. Cole, Thong T. Luong, Stacy C. McGonigal, Sarah Sinno, Dongli Yang, Kara A. Bernstein, Ronald J. Buckanovich Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Vitamin C sensitizes triple negative breast cancer to PI3K inhibition therapy
Conclusion: Vitamin C can be used to reduce the dosage of buparlisib needed to produce a therapeutic effect, which could potentially ease the dose-dependent side effects in patients. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sushmita Mustafi, Vladimir Camarena, Rehana Qureshi, David W. Sant, Zachary Wilkes, Daniel Bilbao, Joyce Slingerland, Susan B. Kesmodel, Gaofeng Wang Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

The immune contexture of primary central nervous system diffuse large B cell lymphoma associates with patient survival and specific cell signaling
Conclusion: Altogether, our study reveals that patient stratification according to immune subtypes, HLA status, and immune checkpoint molecule quantification should be considered prior to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Moreover, TIM-3 protein should be considered an axis for future therapeutic development. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - April 19, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Melissa Alame, Emmanuel Cornillot, Val è re Cacheux, Val é rie Rigau, Val é rie Costes-Martineau, Vanessa Lacheretz-Szablewski, Jacques Colinge Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research